Designing microstructures and unveiling dynamic erosion mechanisms remain important challenges for Ag-based *** simultaneously enhance erosion and compression resistance,an Al Co Cr Fe Ni high-entropy alloy(HEA)is int...
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Designing microstructures and unveiling dynamic erosion mechanisms remain important challenges for Ag-based *** simultaneously enhance erosion and compression resistance,an Al Co Cr Fe Ni high-entropy alloy(HEA)is introduced into Ag-based materials to fabricate novel Ag-HEA contacts with island-and skeletonrestricted *** arc erosion experimental results reveal that the skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure is the key factor in reducing the hill and crater morphologies of the contact surface,effectively delaying material transfer between the movable and stationary *** molten bridge evolution and compressive deformation behavior of Ag-HEA contacts with various microstructures are investigated using molecular dynamics(MD)*** results indicate that the constraint of Ag atom diffusion in the molten pool and the involvement of HEA atoms in the molten bridge are the primary mechanisms for improving erosion *** skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure reduces the total energy and structural stability of the molten bridge system and promotes its fracture and ***,the synergistic effect of the twin and Lomerz–Cottrell lock structures can hinder dislocation glide,generating dispersed and small-area stacking faults in the Ag matrix and mitigating the concentration of shear ***,the skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure contributes positively to compression *** study presents a novel approach to designing Ag-based contacts.
Hydrogen molecule(H_(2))exhibits broad-spectrum but microenvironment-dependent biomedical effects in varied oxidation stress-related diseases,but its molecular mechanism is unclear and its targeting molecule is unknow...
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Hydrogen molecule(H_(2))exhibits broad-spectrum but microenvironment-dependent biomedical effects in varied oxidation stress-related diseases,but its molecular mechanism is unclear and its targeting molecule is unknown so ***,we originally reveal that Fe-porphyrin is a H_(2)-targeted *** have demonstrated that the oxidized Fe-porphyrin in both free and protein-confining states can self-catalyze the hydrogenation/reduction by reacting with H_(2)to catalytically scavenge∙OH,and can also catalytically hydrogenate to reduce CO_(2)into CO in the hypoxic microenvironment of in vitro simulation and in vivo tumor,confirming that Fe-porphyrin is a redox-related biosensor of H_(2)and H_(2)is an upstream signaling molecule of *** discoveries are favorable for deep understanding and exploration of profound biomedical effects of H2,and helpful for development of innovative drugs and hydrogen energy/agricultural materials.
Microfluidic channels are at micrometer scales;thus,their fluid flows are laminar,resulting in the linear dependence of pressure drop on flow rate in the length of the *** ratio of the pressure drop to flow rate,refer...
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Microfluidic channels are at micrometer scales;thus,their fluid flows are laminar,resulting in the linear dependence of pressure drop on flow rate in the length of the *** ratio of the pressure drop to flow rate,referred to as resistance,depends on channel size and dynamic ***,a microfluidic chip is analogous to an electric circuit in design,but the design is adjusted to optimize channel ***,whereas voltage loss is negligible at the nodes of an electric circuit,hydraulic pressure drops at the nodes of microfluidic chips by a magnitude are comparable to the pressure drops in the straight ***,we prove by experiment that one must fully consider the pressure drops at nodes so as to accurately design a precise microfluidic *** the process,we numerically calculated the pressure drops at hydraulic nodes and list their resistances in the range of flows as *** resorted to machine learning to fit the calculated results for complex ***,we obtained a library of node resistances for common junctions and used them to design three established chips that work for single-cell analysis and for precision allocation of solutes(in gradient and averaging concentration microfluidic networks).Endothelial cells were stimulated by generating concentrations of adriamycin hydrochloride from the last two microfluidic networks,and we analyzed the response of endothelial *** results indicate that consideration of junction resistances in design calculation brings experimental results closer to the design values than *** approach may therefore contribute to providing a platform for the precise design of organ chips.
A designed Mg_(88.7)Ni_(6.3)Y_(5)hydrogen storage alloy containing 14H type LPSO(long-period stacking ordered)and ternary eutectic structure was prepared by regulating the alloy composition and *** hydrogen storage pe...
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A designed Mg_(88.7)Ni_(6.3)Y_(5)hydrogen storage alloy containing 14H type LPSO(long-period stacking ordered)and ternary eutectic structure was prepared by regulating the alloy composition and *** hydrogen storage performance of the alloy was improved by adding nano-flower-like TiO_(2)@C *** decomposition of the LPSO structure during hydrogenation led to the formation of plenty of nanocrystals which provided abundant interphase boundaries and activation *** nanoscale TiO_(2)@C catalyst was uniformly dispersed on the surface of alloy particles,and the"hydrogen overflow''effect of TiO_(2)@C accelerated the dissociation and diffusion of hydrogen on the surface of the alloy *** a result,the in-situ endogenous nanocrystals of the LPSO structure decomposition and the externally added flower-like TiO_(2)@C catalyst uniformly dispersed on the surface of the nanoparticles played a synergistic catalytic role in improving the hydrogen storage performance of the Mg-based *** the addition of the TiO_(2)@C catalyst,the beginning hydrogen desorption temperature was reduced to 200℃.Furthermore,the saturated hydrogen absorption capacity of the sample was 5.32 wt.%,and it reached 4.25 wt.%H_(2) in 1 min at 200℃and 30 bar.
The nickel-rich layered ternary cathode material(NCM)has been extensively studied due to its high specific capacity and low ***,with the increase of Ni content,the unstable structure of NCM material has gradually beco...
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The nickel-rich layered ternary cathode material(NCM)has been extensively studied due to its high specific capacity and low ***,with the increase of Ni content,the unstable structure of NCM material has gradually become *** alkali on the surface and Li^(+)/Ni^(2+)mixing before cycling,phase change,transition metal ions dissolution,microcracking,and other issues during the cycle,are the primary causes for the fast capacity fading of Ni-rich *** this study,Sc^(3+)is doped into the LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)0_(2) material,which has been demonstrated to impede the Li^(+)/Ni^(2+)mixing,while simultaneously increasing the layer *** results in the stabilization of the material structure and an enhancement of both the cycling stability and the rate ***,single-particle force testing and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADF-STEM)imaging further demonstrate reduced stress accumulation and mitigated chemo-mechanical *** study underscores the efficacy of a minor addition of multifunctional rare-earth doping in enhancing the chemo-mechanical stability of Ni-rich cathodes,offering a straightforward and comprehensive solution to optimize the design and performance of energy storage cathodes.
Carbon has been widely utilized as electrode in electrochemical energy storage,relying on the interaction between ions and *** performance of a carbon electrode is determined by a variety of factors including the stru...
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Carbon has been widely utilized as electrode in electrochemical energy storage,relying on the interaction between ions and *** performance of a carbon electrode is determined by a variety of factors including the structural features of carbon material and the behavior of ions adsorbed on the carbon surface in the specific *** the fundamental unit of graphitic carbons,graphene has been employed as a model to understand the energy storage mechanism of carbon materials through various experimental and computational methods,ex‐situ or in‐*** this article,we provide a succinct overview of the state‐of‐the‐art proceedings on the ion storage mechanism on *** include the structure engineering of carbons,electric gating effect of ions,ion dynamics on the interface or in the confined space,and specifically lithium‐ion storage/reaction on *** aim is to facilitate the understanding of electrochemistry on carbon electrodes.
Viscosity is one of the most important fundamental properties of ***,accurate acquisition of viscosity for ionic liquids(ILs)remains a critical *** this study,an approach integrating prior physical knowledge into the ...
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Viscosity is one of the most important fundamental properties of ***,accurate acquisition of viscosity for ionic liquids(ILs)remains a critical *** this study,an approach integrating prior physical knowledge into the machine learning(ML)model was proposed to predict the viscosity *** method was based on 16 quantum chemical descriptors determined from the first principles calculations and used as the input of the ML models to represent the size,structure,and interactions of the *** strategies based on the residuals of the COSMO-RS model were created as the output of ML,where the strategy directly using experimental data was also studied for *** performance of six ML algorithms was compared in all strategies,and the CatBoost model was identified as the optimal *** strategies employing the relative deviations were superior to that using the absolute deviation,and the relative ratio revealed the systematic prediction error of the COSMO-RS *** CatBoost model based on the relative ratio achieved the highest prediction accuracy on the test set(R^(2)=0.9999,MAE=0.0325),reducing the average absolute relative deviation(AARD)in modeling from 52.45% to 1.54%.Features importance analysis indicated the average energy correction,solvation-free energy,and polarity moment were the key influencing the systematic deviation.
Carbon materials have long been a subject of study, offering diverse properties based on their hybridized structures. Except sp^(2)-hybridized graphene and carbon nanotubes, the focus on sp^(1)-hybridized carbon chain...
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Carbon materials have long been a subject of study, offering diverse properties based on their hybridized structures. Except sp^(2)-hybridized graphene and carbon nanotubes, the focus on sp^(1)-hybridized carbon chains has garnered significant interest due to its unique predicted properties, despite limitations in research and development stemming from its high reactivity. This comprehensive review summaries recent advancements in synthetic methodologies and characterization of the sp^(1)-hybridized carbon chains, encompassing linear carbon chains and cyclo[n]carbons. The review traces significant milestones in synthesis and offers a thorough overview of various properties on linear and cyclic carbon chains, from their initial discovery to recent development. The advancing synthetic methods have led to practical breakthroughs, transitioning theoretical concepts into tangible carbon-chain materials. However, challenges persist in achieving controlled and scalable preparation due to the high reactivity associated with sp^(1)-hybridization. Future research prospects focus on fundamental studies, such as exploring the transition length from polyyne to carbyne and experimentally determining the properties of single carbon *** review underscores both the progress made and the compelling avenues for future exploration in the dynamic field of sp^(1)-hybridized carbon chains.
The lifetime of Si bond coats in environmental barrier coatings(EBCs)is constrained by phase transition-induced cracking at the SiO_(2) *** this study,reactive self-consumption and lattice solid solution strategies ar...
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The lifetime of Si bond coats in environmental barrier coatings(EBCs)is constrained by phase transition-induced cracking at the SiO_(2) *** this study,reactive self-consumption and lattice solid solution strategies are employed to address this limitation via Si-Yb_(4)Al_(2)O_(9)composite *** formation of an Yb_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)layer,through the consumption of the thermally grown SiO_(2) scale and Yb₄Al₂O₉,reduces the SiO₂thickness and significantly lowers the cracking driving ***,the incorporation of Al into the SiO_(2)lattice stabilizes high-temperatureβ-SiO_(2),preventing phase transition-induced *** proposed coating demonstrated an oxidation lifetime 20 times longer than that of pure Si at 1370℃,highlighting its potential as an EBC bond coating.
Given the challenges brought by the shortage of freshwater resources,solar water evaporation has been regarded as one of the most promising technologies for harnessing abundant sunlight to harvest clean water from the...
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Given the challenges brought by the shortage of freshwater resources,solar water evaporation has been regarded as one of the most promising technologies for harnessing abundant sunlight to harvest clean water from the *** metals have attracted extensive attention in solar water evaporation due to their localized surface plasmon resonance effect,but highly porous metallic films with high evaporation efficiency are ***,a self-supporting black nanoporous silver(NP-Ag)film was fabricated by dealloying of an extremely dilute Al99Ag1 *** choice of the dilute precursor guarantees the formation of the NP-Ag film with high porosity(96.5%)and low density(0.3703 g·cm^(-3),even smaller than the lightest metal lithium).The three-dimensional ligament-channel network structure and the nanoscale(14.6 nm)of ligaments enable the NP-Ag film to exhibit good hydrophilicity and broadband absorption over 200‒2,500 *** importantly,the solar evaporator based on the NP-Ag film shows efficient solar steam generation,including the efficiency of 92.6%,the evaporation rate of 1.42 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)and good cycling stability under one sun ***,the NP-Ag film exhibits acceptable seawater desalination property with the ion rejection for Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+),K^(+)and Na^(+)more than 99.3%.Our findings could provide a new idea and inspiration for the design and fabrication of metal-based photothermal films in real solar evaporation applications.
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