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Optimizing dispersion of torrefied spent coffee grounds for enhanced biochar-EVA composite properties through sodium percarbonate-assisted treatment

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Journal of Industrial and engineering Chemistry 2025年

作者： Lee, Kuan-Ting Gabriela, Situmorang Chen, Wei-Hsin Rajendran, Saravanan Selvarajoo, Anurita Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Arica1000000 Chile Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia

This study aims to optimize biochar by combining 10 % sodium percarbonate with 90 % spent coffee grounds and torrefying at 300 °C for 30 min. Biochar enhances black color dispersion in a composite when blending the optimal biochar and ethylene vinyl acetate. The maximum carbon content of the optimal biochar is 59.97 %, exhibiting similar dispersion, packing density, pore size, and contact angle to carbon black. The optimal biochar's specific surface area and total pore volume are 7.12 m2·g−1 and 0.0018 cm3·g−1, respectively, 2.9 times and 1.2 times that of untreated torrefied spent coffee grounds with SP treated. The mechanical properties of the composite, which is blended with 15 wt% of the optimal biochar to ethylene vinyl acetate through trade-off analysis, indicate a tensile strength and Young's modulus of 1.03 MPa and 9.69 MPa, respectively. As the amount of blended optimal biochar increases, the tensile strength decreases while Young's modulus increases. Compared with a composite blended with the same 15 wt% of carbon black, the tensile strength and Young's modulus are 0.77 MPa and 9.55 MPa, respectively. In conclusion, the optimal biochar is a potential alternative material that could replace carbon black. This finding aligns with the developmental direction of achieving negative carbon emissions, promoting a circular economy and valorizing waste. © 2025 The Korean Society of Industrial and engineering Chemistry

关键词： Tensile strength

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Evaluation of Automatic Microstructural Analysis of Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) Maps via a Python-Based Data Processing Framework 240

Evaluation of Automatic Microstructural Analysis of Energy D...

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240th ECS Meeting

作者： Batool, Mariah O. Godoy, Andres Birnbach, Martin Dekel, Dario R Jankovic, Jasna Institute of Materials Science University of Connecticut 97 North Eagleville Road StorrsCT06269-3136 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Connecticut 97 North Eagleville Road StorrsCT06269-3136 United States Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program Israel Institute of Technology Haifa3200003 Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781607685395

Computer-aided data acquisition, analysis and interpretation have been employed in various research areas generating useful information. Among these, image processing is most often implemented for post-processing of material characterization data. However, to tackle ambiguity of multi-component materials analysis, spectral data analysis can be used instead. The current study introduces a unique Python-based data processing method for in-depth analysis of energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) elemental maps to analyze agglomerate size distribution, average area of each component and their overlap. The framework developed in this study is applied to examine interaction of Cerium (Ce) and Palladium (Pd) particles in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (AEMFC) and investigate if this approach can be utilized to predict the fuel cell's electrochemical behavior. The study concludes that the developed framework is a promising method for automatic data extraction and can be beneficial for use in a variety of clean energy applications. © 2021 ECS - The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Python

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Hot Corrosion Behavior of Lapo4-Ysz Thermal Barrier Coating Exposed to Molten Calcium-Magnesium-Alumino-Silicate (Cmas) at 1250°C-1350°C

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Deng, Panhao Huang, Wenzhi Zhong, Ruiqi Yu, Yiping Lou, Junhua Deng, Zixin Zhou, Xin Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Qingdao Brunch of Naval Aeronautics University Qingdao China College of Intelligence Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Institute for Advanced Studies in Precision Materials Yantai University Yantai264005 China National University of Defense Technology China

The calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate (CMAS) corrosion behavior of LaPO4-YSZ thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) was investigated at 1250°C-1350°C for 4 hours. Corrosion was observed to occur primarily at the grain boundaries, and the corrosion depth increased with increasing temperature. The melt infiltration reaction layer formed after CMAS corrosion was primarily composed of ZrO2, residual CMAS, and La-apatite (Ca2+xLa8-x(SiO4)6-x(PO4)xO2), regardless of the temperature. It was worth noting that a continuous dense reaction layer was formed after the corrosion test at 1250 °C, which further delayed the infiltration of CMAS. However, the molten CMAS could infiltrate into the coating more easily when the temperature exceeds 1300 °C, leading to more severe corrosion. The results show that the CMAS corrosion behaviors of coating at different temperatures were primarily controlled by the infiltration and reaction processes;When temperatures exceed 1300°C, CMAS infiltration becomes the dominant process due to the reduced viscosity of the CMAS melt. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal barrier coatings

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Influence of Crosslink Density on the Interfacial Bonding Performance for Epoxy Resin Towards Load-Induced Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gel

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sun, Dawei Wang, Jiaxin Wang, Hui Yan, Zheng Ma, Wenxu Ma, Xiaoyu Wang, Yali Ma, Zhongcheng Jin, Xiaodong Sun, Shibing Cui, Suping Wang, Zhiyong College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research Beijing100041 China Key Technologies R&D Program CNBM China

In epoxy-amine based self-healing cement-based materials, the uncontrollable stoichiometric ratio of both components in the cracks leads to the cured epoxy resin with various crosslink densities. Investigate the interaction mechanism between cured epoxy resin and C-S-H gel help us to optimize the final self-healing performances. In this work, the interaction between load-induced broken panels of C-S-H gel and cured epoxy resins with different crosslink densities (e.g., 0.23, 0.77, and 0.97) was studied through molecular dynamic methods. It was found that crosslink density plays an essential role in the geometrical size and atom distributions. Phase separation occurs at the low crosslink density due to the aggregation of amine molecules. The generation of fresh crosslink points limits the free motion of epoxy molecules with higher crosslink density. Meanwhile, the cured epoxy resin with higher crosslink density causes a high porosity in the interfacial region between the epoxy resin and C-S-H gel substrates. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Epoxy resins

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Hydrogen Embrittlement of Titanium: Insight from First-Principles Calculations of the H-Surface Interaction

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wang, Chao-Ming Zhang, Lian-Ji Ma, Ying-Jie Zhang, Shang-Zhou Yang, Rui Hu, Qing-Miao Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenhua Road 72 Shenyang110016 China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei230026 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University Science Avenue 100 Zhengzhou450001 China Institute for Advance Studies in Precision Materials Yantai University Qingquan Road 30 Yantai264005 China

Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) caused by the interaction between hydrogen and crack tip is the key factors for the stress corrosion crack (SCC) of titanium alloys utilized in marine environment. In the present work, the interactions between hydrogen and the fresh surface of crack tip in titanium, including the adsorption, desorption, diffusion of hydrogen atom near the surface, are investigated systematically by using a first-principles method. The surface energy and surface stress of titanium with H adsorption are calculated. We show that H atoms are prone to adsorb on the surface of titanium and then accumulate beneath the surface whereas both desorption of H atoms to form H2 and diffusion of H atom into bulk cost energy. The surface energy decreases with increasing coverage of H, which reduces the fracture work of titanium. The surface stress increases with the coverage of H, which intensifies the stress concentration at the crack tip. Both the H-induced reduction of the fracture work and intensification of stress concentration at the crack tip are expected to accelerate the crack propagation. The accumulation of H beneath the surface facilitates the formation of hydride ahead the crack tip which is critical for the hydride induced embrittlement. The H2 pressure mechanism is not supposed to be responsible for the HE of titanium because the desorption of H atoms from the surface to form H2 is energetically unfavorable. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crack tips

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Transforming organic chemistry research paradigms: moving from manual efforts to the intersection of automation and artificial intelligence

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Chengchun Chen, Yuntian Mo, Fanyang School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing China Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin Eastern Institute of Technology Ningbo China Preferred Program Shenzhen Graduate School Peking University Shenzhen China

Organic chemistry is undergoing a major paradigm shift, moving from a labor-intensive approach to a new era dominated by automation and artificial intelligence (AI). This transformative shift is being driven by technological advances, the ever-increasing demand for greater research efficiency and accuracy, and the burgeoning growth of interdisciplinary research. AI models, supported by computational power and algorithms, are drastically reshaping synthetic planning and introducing groundbreaking ways to tackle complex molecular synthesis. In addition, autonomous robotic systems are rapidly accelerating the pace of discovery by performing tedious tasks with unprecedented speed and precision. This article examines the multiple opportunities and challenges presented by this paradigm shift and explores its far-reaching implications. It provides valuable insights into the future trajectory of organic chemistry research, which is increasingly defined by the synergistic interaction of automation and AI. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Automation

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Field distribution of the Z_(2)topological edge state revealed by cathodoluminescence nanoscopy

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第4期5卷 76-84页

作者： Xiao He Donglin Liu Hongfei Wang Liheng Zheng Bo Xu Biye Xie Meiling Jiang Zhixin Liu Jin Zhang Minghui Lu Zheyu Fang School of Physics State Key Lab for Mesoscopic PhysicsAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesCollaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matterand Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of EducationPeking University Yangtze Delta Institute of OptoelectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics and HKU-UCAS Joint Institute for Theoretical and Computational Physics at Hong Kong the University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina

Photonic topological insulators with robust boundary states can enable great applications for optical communication and quantum emission,such as unidirectional waveguide and single-mode ***,because of the diffraction limit of light,the physical insight of topological resonance remains unexplored in detail,like the dark line that exists with the crys-talline symmetry-protected topological edge ***,we experimentally observe the dark line of the Z_(2)photonic topo-logical insulator in the visible range by photoluminescence and specify its location by cathodoluminescence characteriza-tion,and elucidate its mechanism with the p-d orbital electromagnetic field distribution which calculated by numerical *** investigation provides a deeper understanding of Z_(2)topological edge states and may have great signific-ance to the design of future on-chip topological devices.

关键词： photonic topological insulator edge state cathodoluminescence TMDC

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Grain boundary complexion modification for interface stability in garnet based solid-state Li batteries

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Journal of Power Sources 2024年 602卷

作者： Wang, Chih-Chieh Hsu, Wei-Chun Chang, Chia-Yu Ihrig, Martin Thuy Tran, Ngoc Thanh Lin, Shih-kang Windmüller, Anna Tsai, Chih-Long Eichel, Rüdiger-A. Chiu, Kuo-Feng Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Institute of Energy and Climate Research Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Jülich52425 Germany Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei City106 Taiwan Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Semiconductor Packaging and Testing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung407 Taiwan

The garnet type solid-state electrolyte (SSE) encounters challenges related to poor interfacial contact with Li metal and dendrite penetration problem. This study addresses these issues by manipulating the surface property of garnet-based LLZTO (Li6.5La3Zr1.6Ta0.4O12) SSE. The manipulation is achieved by varying thickness of Al2O3 atomic layer deposition (ALD), followed by sintering. Research results show that the relative density, ionic conductivity, and hardness of LLZTO are improved while electronic conductivity is reduced due to the formation of multiple complexions at grain boundary (GB). The SSE pellets also demonstrate improved wettability with Li metal, leading to stable galvanostatic Li plating/stripping cycling with low polarization, which allows for batter battery performance than pristine one. The concept of modifying SSE through the grain boundary complexion modification by thin ALD coating for enhancing the dendrite tolerance with better electrochemical properties of SSE may open a new direction for solid state battery research. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Grain boundaries

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Field-controlled dynamics of skyrmions and monopoles

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Tai, Jung-Shen B. Hess, Andrew J. Wu, Jin-Sheng Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Magnetic monopoles, despite their ongoing experimental search as elementary particles, have inspired the discovery of analogous excitations in condensed matter systems. In chiral condensed matter systems, emergent monopoles are responsible for the onset of transitions between topologically distinct states and phases, like in the case of transitions from helical and conical phase to A-phase comprising periodic arrays of skyrmions. By combining numerical modeling and optical characterizations, we describe how different geometrical configurations of skyrmions terminating at monopoles can be realized in liquid crystals and liquid crystal ferromagnets. We demonstrate how such complex structures can be effectively manipulated by external magnetic and electric fields. Furthermore, we discuss how our findings may hint at similar dynamics in other physical systems, and their potential applications. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Liquid crystals

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Magnetic phase diagrams and large magnetocaloric effects of the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic triangular lattice of Gd3+ ions in KBaGd(BO3)2

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Physical Review B 2023年第12期107卷 125126-125126页

作者： Z. M. Song N. Zhao H. Ge T. T. Li J. Yang L. Wang Y. Fu Y. Z. Zhang S. M. Wang J. W. Mei H. He S. Guo L. S. Wu J. M. Sheng Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Chemsitry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China School of Chemical Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Beijing 100190 China International Quantum Academy Shenzhen 518048 China Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong) Shenzhen 518045 China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

We report a detailed study of the magnetic properties of KBaGd(BO3)2 in which magnetic Gd3+ (S=7/2) ions form into two-dimensional triangular layers. Magnetization, specific heat, and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) measurements were performed on KBaGd(BO3)2 single crystals. The results show that a long-range antiferromagnetic state is established below TN=0.24 K. In zero fields, only about half of the full entropy is released at TN, indicating that not all the magnetic moments are frozen below the ordering temperature, as expected from the geometrical frustration of the triangular spin lattice. Further studies under external fields were performed down to 50 mK and the magnetic phase diagrams are established with magnetic fields applied both within and perpendicular to the triangular plane. KBaGd(BO3)2 serves as an example of a two-dimensional triangular lattice with large spin values (S=7/2) and can be directly compared with the isostructure KBaR(BO3)2 (R=Dy−Yb) family of doublet ground states, which exhibit effective spins of S=1/2.

关键词： Critical phenomena Magnetic phase transitions Quantum phase transitions

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