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Evaluating nitrogen sources for enhanced halophilic bacteria growth, electron transfer, and microbial fuel cell performance

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Chemosphere 2025年 378卷 144397页

作者： Christwardana, Marcelinus Khoirunnisa, K. Asy'ari, Mukhammad Hadiyanto, H. Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University 50275 Indonesia Master Program of Energy School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University 50241 Indonesia Research Collaboration Center for Electrochemistry BRIN – Diponegoro University 50275 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University 50275 Indonesia

This study investigates the comparative effects of different nitrogen sources—peptone, tryptone, and bovine serum albumin (BSA)—on the growth, electron transport mechanisms, and MFCs performance of halophilic bacteria Bacillus clausii J1G-o%B. The objective is to identify the most effective nitrogen source for optimizing bacterial growth and enhancing MFC efficiency. Comprehensive analysis reveals that tryptone and peptone significantly enhance bacterial growth and stability compared to BSA. Increased concentrations of these nitrogen sources correlate with elevated ammonia production and notable pH changes, indicating heightened metabolic activity. The non-linear relationship between scan rate and current density suggests diffusion-limited redox reactions. Notably, higher tryptone concentrations significantly increase the electron transfer rate constant to 3.66 ± 0.02 s−1 when the concentration increases to 0.1 g/100 mL. Early voltage increases at around the 30th hour to 0.175 V under the T-0.1 condition further support the critical role of tryptone in accelerating bacterial growth and biofilm formation. Cyclic voltammetry experiments demonstrate that nitrogen source type and concentration influence electrical double layer characteristics. These findings underscore the potential of tryptone to optimize Bacillus clausii electrochemical performance, achieving a maximum power density of 36.93 mW/m2 at a current density of 196 mA/m2, paving the way for bioelectrochemical system applications. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Rate constants

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Reactive Synthesis and Ultrafast Sintering of Refractory Compositionally Complex Alloy-Carbide Composites

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Shivakumar, Sashank Luo, Jian Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

Refractory compositionally complex alloy (RCCA) NbMoTaW with a well-dispersed compositionally complex carbide (CCC) reinforcing secondary phase is made through high-energy ball milling (HEBM) and ultrafast high-temperature sintering (UHS). Stearic acid is used as a process control agent (PCA) for HEBM and a carbon source to form a controllable fraction (~2-20 vol%) of CCC in-situ via reactive synthesis. Ultrahigh heating rates of ~100 °C/s enable sintering of dense (~93-97 % relative densities) bulk compacts of RCCA-CCA composites at ~1850 °C in ~70 seconds. With the addition of 0.1-0.75 wt% PCA, ultrafast sintering enables the formation of a favorable P m1 subcarbide CCC phase, (Nb0.37Mo0.11Ta0.39W0.13)2C. A thermodynamic model is developed to explain the observed Nb and Ta enrichments in (Nb0.37Mo0.11Ta0.39W0.13)2C. An additional rock-salt monocarbide CCC phase forms with more carbon source addition (1 wt% PCA). The well-dispersed and fine-grained CCC precipitates result in grain size refinement and a corresponding increase in hardness. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Grain refinement

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A preliminary data fusion study to assess the feasibility of Foundation Process-Property Models in Laser Powder Bed Fusion

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Vendrell-Gallart, Oriol Negarandeh, Nima Foumani, Zahra Zanjani Amiri, Mahsa Valdevit, Lorenzo Bostanabad, Ramin Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Materials and Manufacturing Technology Program University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697 United States

Foundation models are at the forefront of an increasing number of critical applications. In regards to technologies such as additive manufacturing (AM), these models have the potential to dramatically accelerate process optimization and, in turn, design of next generation materials. A major challenge that impedes the construction of foundation process-property models is data scarcity. To understand the impact of this challenge, and since foundation models rely on data fusion, in this work we conduct controlled experiments where we focus on the transferability of information across different material systems and properties. More specifically, we generate experimental datasets from 17-4 PH and 316L stainless steels (SSs) in Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) where we measure the effect of five process parameters on porosity and hardness. We then leverage Gaussian processes (GPs) for process-property modeling in various configurations to test if knowledge about one material system or property can be leveraged to build more accurate machine learning models for other material systems or properties. Through extensive cross-validation studies and probing the GPs’ interpretable hyperparameters, we study the intricate relation among data size and dimensionality, complexity of the process-property relations, noise, and characteristics of machine learning models. Our findings highlight the need for structured learning approaches that incorporate domain knowledge in building foundation process-property models rather than relying on uninformed data fusion in data-limited applications. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Data fusion

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Theoretical insights into metal-doped nanostructured hematite catalyst supported by graphene underlayer for photoelectrochemical water splitting applications

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Discover Catalysis 2025年第1期2卷 1-27页

作者： Bhattacharya, Labanya Caspary Toroker, Maytal Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel

Catalysis is pivotal in the production of green hydrogen through water splitting to meet the goal of carbon neutrality. Hematite (Fe2O3) is an excellent catalyst and benchmarked photoanode materials in photoelectrochemical water splitting. Among the metal dopants, aluminum (Al) substitution in hematite is found intrinsically. In this study, we investigate Al doped nanostructured hematite as a photoanode material and a catalyst in water oxidation mechanism using density functional theory+ U methodology. We have found that Al doping in hematite monolayer leads to unfavorable increase in theoretical overpotential value by 0.19 V. To improve the efficiency of oxygen evolution reaction, we consider heterostructuring of Al doped nanostructured hematite with pristine graphene and nitrogen (N) doped graphene as an underlayer material. Nitrogen doped graphene underlayer leads to the lowest overpotential value of 0.54 V compared to Al doped hematite catalyst (0.96 V) and graphene-Al doped hematite catalyst (0.63 V). The work function is notably reduced after nitrogen doping by 1.41 eV and 1.12 eV as compared to graphene-Al doped hematite and Al doped hematite, respectively. Charge density difference and Bader charge analysis confirm that nitrogen doped graphene underlayer induces delocalized charge density and lowers the activity of the surface states in the *O intermediate. Nitrogen doped graphene-Al doped hematite heterostructure has nearly zero band gap and has the highest cumulative probability of charge transport at photoanode’s surface. Our theoretical study provides mechanistic insights into improving the catalytic efficiency of Al doped nanostructured hematite by heterostructuring with pristine and N doped graphene.

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Evaluating the influence of vibrational assistance friction stir processing on improving the wear and mechanical properties of hybrid composite AZ31 Mg alloy

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Journal of materials Research and Technology 2025年 36卷 5040-5049页

作者： Zhaoyang Zuo Moslem Paidar R. Vaira Vignesh Hosein Keshavrazi Sagr Alamri Xiaodan Liu School of Mechanical Engineering Xijing University Xi'an Shaanxi 710123 China Department of Materials Engineering South Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran *** Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore 641112 Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham India Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia Center for Engineering and Technology Innovations King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science South China Business College of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Gangzhou 510545 Guangdong China

engineering applications, particularly in the automotive and aerospace industries, are increasingly using magnesium alloys because of their high strength to weight ratio. However, the surface characteristics of magnesium alloys require enhancement to meet the demands of high-performance applications. In this study, the mechanical and tribological properties of AZ31/CeO 2 +hBN hybrid surface composites made with friction stir processing (FSP) and vibrational-assistance friction stir processing (VAFSP) are appraised. The VAFSP technique showed a significant reduction in the mean grain size to 5.19 μm, compared to 7.25 μm in the FSPed specimens. Moreover, the VAFSPed specimens exhibited a 15 % increase in hardness, with a more uniform distribution of reinforcement particles across the matrix. Results also illustrated that after VAFSP, the shear punch strength (SPT) can reach a shear strength of 178 MPa. Tribological tests showed a 40 % lower wear rate in VAFSPed specimens, demonstrating VAFSP's potential as an effective method for surface compositing of AZ31 alloy with CeO 2 and hBN.

关键词： AZ 31 Mg alloy Surface composite Friction stir processing Tribology

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Effect of double coating on microencapsulation of levofloxacin using the particles from gas-saturated solutions process as a controlled-release system

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Discover Chemistry 2025年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Sharmin, Tanjina Takeshita, Toshihiro Ouchi, Mikio Yoshida, Koji Znad, Hussein Saptoro, Agus Sarker, Zaidul Islam Irie, Keiichi Satho, Tomomitsu Nioh, Atsushi Masuda, Takaaki Muneyoshi, Yuuki Terayama, Suzuko Mishima, Kenji Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Research Institute of Composite Materials Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Resource Circulation Faculty of Environmental Engineering Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Faculty of Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Curtin University Perth Australia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Curtin Malaysia Graduate School Miri Sarawak Malaysia Department of State Program and Food Science Northern Marianas College Saipan USA Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Yokohama Research Center Pola Chemical Industries Yokohama Japan

A novel double-coating technique was employed to encapsulate levofloxacin (LVF), a potent antibacterial drug, using the particles from gas-saturated solutions (PGSS) process to achieve extended release. The primary coating utilized glyceryl tristearate (GT), a lipid with a high melting point (72 °C), followed by a secondary coating with trimyristin (TM), a lipid with a lower melting point (52 °C). For comparison, a single-coating approach was also explored, using the biocompatible polymer poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The resulting particles were characterized for their shape, size, and LVF encapsulation efficiency, with confirmation of LVF entrapment provided by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. The particles, with an average diameter of 95.3 ± 16.5 μm, exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of up to 92.1 ± 2.5%. Furthermore, in vitro release studies revealed that the double-coated microcapsules effectively suppressed the initial burst release and provided controlled, extended release of LVF (t30D = 36.3%), demonstrating the efficiency of this encapsulation method for prolonged drug delivery.

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Imaging the evolution of lithium-solid electrolyte interface using operando scanning electron microscopy

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Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-11页

作者： Zhao, Lihong Feng, Min Wu, Chaoshan Guo, Liqun Chen, Zhaoyang Risal, Samprash Ai, Qing Lou, Jun Fan, Zheng Qi, Yue Yao, Yan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston University of Houston Houston TX United States School of Engineering Brown University Providence RI United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston Houston TX United States Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering and the Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University Houston TX United States Department of Engineering Technology University of Houston Houston TX United States

The quality of Li–solid electrolyte interface is crucial for the performance of solid-state lithium metal batteries, particularly at low stack pressure, but its dynamics during cell operation remain poorly understood due to a lack of reliable operando characterization techniques. Here, we report the evolution of Li–electrolyte interface with high spatial resolution using operando scanning electron microscopy under realistic operating conditions. By tracking the stripping process of both Li and Li-rich Li-Mg alloy anodes, we show that multiple voids coalesce into a single gap and eventually delaminate the interface in Li, whereas the voids split and collapse to partially recover interfacial contact in Li-Mg. Density functional theory calculations show that the stronger Mg-S interaction at the metal–electrolyte interface attracts Mg toward the interface and repels Li-vacancies into the bulk, resulting in a reduced number of voids. The pressure-dependent voltage profiles of Li and Li-Mg stripping suggest that loss of contact due to void formation, rather than Mg accumulation at the interface, is the origin of high overpotential that limits the utilization of metal anodes. Improved interfacial contact enables stable cycling of all-solid-state lithium full cell at low stack pressure (1 MPa) and moderate rate (2 mA cm⁻²) simultaneously. The real-time visualization of Li–electrolyte interface dynamics provides critical insights into the rational design of solid-state battery interfaces. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Textured BaTiO3 nanorod arrays synthesized via hydrothermal method: Enhanced degradation of Rhodamine B with piezocatalysis

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Chiu, Yen-Lun Chang, Kao-Shuo Program on Key Materials Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan Department of Materials Science & Engineering National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan

This paper presents a hydrothermal method for fabricating textured BaTiO3 (BTO) nanorod arrays with high crystallinity on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates by applying a polarization treatment to the samples to explore the feasibility of enhancing their piezoelectric properties. The preparation of highly textured BTO nanorod arrays using a two-step hydrothermal process was investigated in detail, including the spin-coating process for depositing the TiO2 seed layer, the influence of solution acidity on the hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 nanorod arrays, and the formation mechanism of textured BTO nanostructures. The piezoelectric constants (d33) of the samples were determined using piezoresponse force microscopy. S-BTO(P), which has high crystallinity and preferential orientation, achieves a d33 as high as 85.4 p.m./V after poling, which is 3.2 times higher than that without textured structures and poling. Our findings revealed that chemically controlling and inducing a preferential orientation in the crystal structure of piezoelectric materials with a seed layer and specific hydrothermal conditions can significantly enhance their piezoelectric properties after poling, making them excellent candidates for piezoelectric devices. Especially, this study confirms that the piezoelectric-enhanced charge separation in poled BTO nanorod arrays enables efficient generation of reactive species under ultrasonication, leading to effective degradation of RhB. The strong piezocatalytic performance highlights the material's potential for practical applications in environmental pollutant removal. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Piezoelectricity

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Synergistic effects of natural fibres and agro-waste ash on the engineering and sustainability of stone-matrix asphalt mixes

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International Journal of Transportation science and Technology 2025年

作者： Akarsh, P.K. Marathe, Shriram Sapal, Harsimran Kaur Akshaya Krishna, N. Surathkal575025 India Nitte574110 India Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies Haryana Faridabad121004 India Moodabidre574225 India Department of Materials Engineering and Construction Processes Faculty of Civil-Engineering Wroclaw University of Science and Technology: Politechnika Wroclawska 27 Wroclaw50-370 Poland

This study investigates the use of non-traditional natural fibres, specifically sisal plant fibres (SF) and coconut coir coir fibres (CCF), in Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) mixtures. The objective was to evaluate the optimal binder content, assess Marshall properties, and investigate drain-down, indirect tensile strength, fatigue, and rutting characteristics of the SMA mixes. Additionally, the study explores the use of sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA), an agro-waste, as a substitute for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), aiming to promote sustainability and waste management optimization. The research identified the optimal SMA mix with a 0.30% fibre dosage and 10% SBA, demonstrating favorable mechanical properties with Marshall stability and tensile strength ratio exceeding 90%, alongside satisfactory rutting and fatigue performance. The results showed that SF and CCF provided comparable, or even superior, performance to traditional cellulose fibres (CF), positioning them as sustainable alternatives for pavement construction. Further, a Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) was conducted on conventional and modified SMA mixes, revealing substantial long-term economic benefits. Although SMA mixes incurred slightly higher initial costs, their superior durability and reduced maintenance needs resulted in a 13.6% cost reduction for SMA-CCF and 11.1% for SMA-SF over a 20-year period. Environmental assessments confirmed that substituting synthetic fibres and OPC with SF, CCF, and SBA substantially lowered carbon emissions and enhanced sustainability, with reductions in Global Warming Potential of up to 50%. These findings highlight the potential of natural fibres and SBA in reducing costs and environmental impacts, offering a sustainable solution for future pavement construction. © 2025 Tongji University and Tongji University Press

关键词： Cost reduction

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Surface Modification of Cu Native Oxide: Ag Displacement for Homogeneous Layering

Surface Modification of Cu Native Oxide: Ag Displacement for...

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International Conference on Electronics Packaging (ICEP)

作者： Shubhayan Mukherjee Akitsu Shigetou Shih-kang Lin Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan National Institute for Materials Science Ibaraki Japan Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Centre National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9784991191190

ISBN: (纸本)9798331514747

Cu's electrical and thermal conductivity makes it a vital material in various industrial applications, but its susceptibility to oxidation under ambient conditions can compromise performance, particularly in the semiconductor industry. This study presents an innovative surface modification technique to inhibit the growth of native oxide on Cu prior to Ag coating to enhance a galvanic replacement (GR) reaction under good adhesion between Ag and Cu. Ag-coated Cu electrodes are effective in removing the surface oxide on Cu and acting as deformable and low-resistance Cu interconnects. The surface modification process utilizes vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) treatment in an ethanol atmosphere, forming a stable, hydroxylated surface layer that minimizes reoxidation before Ag deposition. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the effective suppression of reoxidation, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a homogeneous Ag coating with optimal surface coverage. This methodology significantly enhances the oxidation resistance of Cu.

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy Surface resistance Ethanol Atmosphere Thermal conductivity Oxidation Coatings Copper Surface treatment Thermal stability

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