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SSRN 2023年

作者： Pandey, Hari Mehrabi, Hamed Williams, Amanda Mira-Hernández, Carolina Coridan, Robert Henry Hu, Han Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Medellín Colombia Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States

Nano-engineered structured boiling surfaces have shown great promise in the improvement of heat dissipation performance in thermal management applications. Electrodeposited copper foams have attracted lots of scientific and engineering interest owing to their multi-tier structures. In this study, hierarchical copper foams with ultra-wicking properties were fabricated using cathodic deposition at different pH, including both acidic (pH 0) and basic (pH 10 and 12) solutions. Pendant droplet wicking tests and pool boiling experiments were performed to characterize the wicking flux and the critical heat flux (CHF) of the fabricated copper foams, respectively. The high-speed optical images were analyzed to examine the effect of surface wickability on bubble dynamics. The CHF enhancement mechanism in hierarchical copper foams was investigated by characterizing the acoustic emissions (AE) generated during wicking and boiling vapor dynamics. The results show that base-deposited copper foams (pH 10 and 12) yield higher wicking flux and higher boiling CHF than acid-deposited copper foam (pH 0) due to smaller dendrites and crystallites. The effect of the surface structures on bubble dynamics is probed by analyzing the maximum bubble size, bubble count, and the power and dominant frequency of vapor fraction at varying heat fluxes from high-speed videos. The results reveal no significant differences between tested surfaces (polished copper and copper foams deposited at pH 0, 10, and 12) when the heat flux is kept the same. Additionally, acoustic emissions were used to understand the CHF enhancement mechanisms in different copper foam structures. While investigating the AE data, the results show consistent acoustic signatures between wicking and boiling, that is, a smaller AE amplitude is observed for higher wicking flux and higher CHF. Initiation of CHF during pool boiling was a prime source for AE and these were recognized with AE parametric study. Combing the optical and acous

关键词： Heat flux

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A perspective on the Li-ion battery

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science China Chemistry 2019年第12期62卷 1555-1556页

作者： John B.Goodenough Hongcai Gao Texas Materials Institute and Materials Science Program The University of Texas at Austin Cockrell School of Engineering

In the 1960s,Rouxel in France and Robert Schroeder in Germany explored the chemistry of reversible intercalation of Li^+between MS2(M=transition metal)layers held together by weak Van der Waals bonding[1].In 1967,Kummer and Webber of the Ford Motor *** discovered fast 2D Na+diffusion at 300℃in incompletely occupied Na^+and O layers between spinel blocks of an aluminum oxide and had invented a sodium-sulfur battery operating above 300℃.

关键词： battery incomplete occupied

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Electrochemical Control of Copper Foam Synthesis for Critical Heat Flux Enhancement During Boiling

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Pandey, Hari Mehrabi, Hamed Williams, Amanda Mira-Hernández, Carolina Coridan, Robert H. Hu, Han Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Medellín Colombia Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States

Nano-engineered structured boiling surfaces have shown great promise in the improvement of heat dissipation performance in thermal management applications. Electrodeposited copper foams have attracted lots of scientific and engineering interest owing to their multi-tier structures. In this study, hierarchical copper foams with ultra-wicking properties were fabricated using cathodic deposition at different pH, including both acidic (pH 0) and basic (pH 10 and 12) solutions. Pendant droplet wicking tests and pool boiling experiments were performed to characterize the wicking flux and the critical heat flux (CHF) of the fabricated copper foams, respectively. The results show that base deposited copper foams (pH 10 and 12) yield higher wicking flux and higher boiling CHF than acid deposited copper foam (pH 0) due to smaller dendrites and crystallites. The effect of the surface structures on bubble dynamics is probed by analyzing the maximum bubble size, bubble count, and the power and dominant frequency of vapor fraction at varying heat fluxes from high-speed videos. The results reveal no significant differences between tested surfaces (flat copper and copper foams deposited at pH 0, 10, and 12) when the heat flux is kept the same. On the other hand, acoustic emissions (AE) are used to characterize the copper foam structures in both wicking and boiling tests. The results show consistent acoustic signatures between wicking and boiling that smaller AE amplitude is observed for higher wicking flux and higher CHF. Combing the optical and acoustic analysis, it is concluded that the main role of surface structures play in CHF enhancement is through improving capillary wicking underneath the bubbles rather than affecting the dynamics of the apparent liquid-vapor interfaces. This study not only explores the relationship between electrochemical control and wicking properties but also demonstrates the role of wicking in structure-enhanced boiling CHF through acoustic emission ana

关键词： Heat flux

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Cylindrical-Lens-Embedded Photonic Crystal Based on Self-Collimation 5

Cylindrical-Lens-Embedded Photonic Crystal Based on Self-Col...

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5th IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference, RAPID 2022

作者： Xia, Chun Gutierrez, Jesus J. Kuebler, Stephen M. Rumpf, Raymond C. Touma, Jimmy University of Central Florida The College of Optics and Photonics Creol OrlandoFL32816 United States University of Texas at El Paso Em Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering El PasoTX79968 United States Materials Science and Engineering University of Central Florida Creol The College of Optics and Photonics Chemistry Department OrlandoFL32816 United States Computational Science Program University of Texas at El Paso Em Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering El PasoTX79968 United States Eglin Afb AFRL/Munitions Directorate Integrated Sensing and Processing Branch FL32542 United States

Independent optical power and phase control is experimentally demonstrated in a self-collimating PC based on rod-into-wall unit cell and fabricated in a low-refractive-index medium by multiphoton lithography. © 2... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781665402231

ISBN: (纸本)9781665402231

关键词： Refractive index

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Plastic crisis underscores need for alternative sustainable-renewable materials

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第3期7卷 145-147页

作者： Su Shiung Lam Changlei Xia Christian Sonne Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Academy of Sciences Malaysia Young Scientists NetworkTop Research Scientists Malaysia(TRSM)Kuala Lumpur 50480Malaysia Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Ecoscience Faculty of Technological SciencesAarhus UniversityRoskilde DK-4000Denmark Sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India

The current global plastic crisis is triggered by several factors including increased costs of petrochemical feedstock and Covid-19 disruption of the transport sector(Yuan et al.,2021).This disruption of world-wide supply chains of polyethylene,polypropylene and other petroleum-based hydrocarbon chemicals has significantly increased shortage and prices of plastics in for example Europe over the last year,hence calling for sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics(WMW,2021,European Plastic Manufacturers sound the Alarm Bell on Supply Chain Disruption,Waste Management World.).This is critical due to extensive use of the non-biodegradable personal protective equipment(PPE)masks in the current pandemic,which might be even worse than the shortage of polyolefins at the moment(Deng et al.,2022).

关键词： Plastic Sustainable material Green chemistry Waste Thermochemical conversion

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Ti-Nb-Zr Ternary Alloy Coatings Sputter Deposited on Aisi 316l Stainless Steel

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lemos, Lucas L.D. de Castro, Ana Luiza Costa, Sidney C.Z. Mastelaro, Valmor Roberto Nascente, Pedro A.P. Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos SP Sao CarlosCEP 13565-905 Brazil Sao Carlos Institute of Physics University of Sao Paulo SP Sao CarlosCEP 13560-590 Brazil Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos SP Sao CarlosCEP 13565-905 Brazil

Titanium, niobium, and zirconium are non-toxic and non-allergenic biocompatible metals, and the ternary Ti-Nb-Zr bulk alloys having predominantly β phase (body-centered cubic structure) present superior corrosion resistance and biocompatibility than medical grade AISI 316L stainless steel (SS) which is commonly used as metallic prosthetic material. However, the Ti-Nb-Zr alloys are much more costly than SS, so the main goal of this study is to produce and characterize lesser costly Ti-Nb-Zr coatings. Magnetron sputtering has shown to be an adequate technique to coat SS surfaces with Ti-based alloys. Three ternary alloy coatings having approximately the same amount of Zr (12-14 at.%) and different amounts of Ti (76, 62, and 53 at.%) and Nb (10, 26, and 34 at.%) were deposited on AISI 316L SS by magnetron sputtering. Only the β phase was detected and the coating surfaces were oxidized, having a beneficial effect on corrosion resistance and presents lesser cytotoxicity. The elastic moduli were evaluated by nanoindentation tests, and the obtained values were smaller than that for the SS substrate. These findings suggest that the Ti-Nb-Zr ternary alloy coatings have promising characteristics for biomedical applications. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetron sputtering

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H2O2-free catalytic dye degradation at dye/night circumstances using CuS@Au heterostructures decorating on MoS2 nanoflowers

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2024年 1002卷

作者： Hsiao, Po-Hsuan Lin, Kuan-Han Lee, Yu-Shen Liao, Pin-Chao Juan, Joon Ching Chen, Chia-Yun Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng-Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Program on Semiconductor Packaging and Testing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre Institute for Advanced Studies University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia Research Center National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan701 Taiwan

Catalytic remediation of industrial organic pollutants is considered effective mitigation of increasing risks from aqueous contaminations composed of hazardous substances. The need for in-situ environmental remediation is highly demanded to deal with organic contaminations from on-site, instant, and full-time treatment without the need to remove the contaminated sources for ex-situ remediation is highly demanded. In this work, by means of combining the strategies of daytime and dark degradation capabilities of organic dyes, the MoS2/Au@CuS hybrid catalysts resembling semiconductor/metal/semiconductor junction features underline the generation of hydroxyl radicals, and force to speed up the oxidative removal of organic dyes during light-on and light-off conditions in both scenarios. Decorations of CuS on hydrothermally synthesized MoS2/Au nanoflowers are prepared with the in-situ chemical reduction process. We reveal that such circumstance exists when programming the environment in the sequence of light-on/light-off conditions, which actively clicks the generation of H2O2 and strategically accelerates the degradation kinetics, offering an additional opportunity for promoting catalytic degradation of hazardous organic dyes with whole-day feasibility. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Degradation

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Naked-eye observation of water-forming reaction on palladium etalon:transduction of gas-matter reaction into light-matter interaction

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PhotoniX 2023年第1期4卷 349-363页

作者： Jongsu Lee Eui-Sang Yu Taehyun Kim In Soo Kim Seok Chung Seung Jae Kwak Won Bo Lee Yusin Pak Yong-Sang Ryu Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Smart Materials Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research InstituteDaejeon 34129Republic of Korea Department of Micro/Nano Systems Korea University02841 SeoulRepublic of Korea Nanophotonics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea UniversitySeoul 02481Republic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02481Republic of Korea

Palladium is the most prominent material in both scientific and industrial research on gas storage,purification,detection,and catalysis due to its unique properties as a catalyst and hydrogen *** the dynamic optical phenomena of palladium reacting with hydrogen,transduction of the gas-matter reaction into light-matter interaction is attempted to visualize the dynamic surface chemistry and reaction *** simple geometry of the metal-dielectric-metal structure,Fabry-Perot etalon,is employed for a colorimetric reactor,to display the catalytic reaction of the exposed gas via water-film/bubble formation at the dielectric/palladium *** adsorption/desorption behavior and catalytic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen on the palladium surface display highly repeatable and dramatic color changes based on two distinct water formation trends:the foggy effect by water bubbles and the whiteout effect by water film *** and experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposed Fabry-Perot etalon as an excellent platform for monitoring the opto-physical phenomena driven by heterogeneous catalysis.

关键词： Palladium Hydrogen Oxygen Fabry-Perot resonators Colorimetric sensors Water-forming reaction

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Assessment of the calcium-silicate Polonite as a sorbent for thin-layer capping of metal contaminated sediment

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Chemosphere 2024年 365卷 143398页

作者： Wikström, Johan Pal, Divya Prabhakar, Roshan Forsberg, Sara C. Renman, Agnieszka Ai, Jing Renman, Gunno Gunnarsson, Jonas S. Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 20A Stockholm106 91 Sweden Department of Environmental Science School of Natural Sciences Technology and Environmental Studies Södertörn University Huddinge14189 Sweden Division of Water and Environmental Engineering Department of Sustainable Development Environmental Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 10B Stockholm10044 Sweden Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C Stockholm106 91 Sweden

Sediments contaminated with hazardous metals pose risks to humans and wildlife, yet viable management options are scarce. In a series of laboratory experiments, we characterized Polonite® – an activated calcium-silicate – as a novel sorbent for thin-layer capping of metal-contaminated sediments. We tested a fine-grained by-product from the Polonite production as a cheap and sustainable sorbent. First, Polonite was reacted with solutions of Cu, Pb, and Zn, and the surface chemistry of the Polonite was examined using, e.g., scanning electron microscopy to investigate metal sorption mechanisms. Batch experiments were conducted by adding Polonite to industrially contaminated harbor sediment to determine sorption kinetics and isotherms. Importantly, we measured if the Polonite could reduce metal bioavailability to sediment fauna by performing digestive fluid extraction (DFE). Finally, a cap placement technique was studied by applying a Polonite slurry in sedimentation columns. The results showed rapid metal sorption to Polonite via several mechanisms, including hydroxide and carbonate precipitation, and complexation with metal oxides on the Polonite surface. Isotherm data revealed that the sediment uptake capacity (Kf) for Cu, Pb, and Zn increased by a factor of 25, 21, and 14, respectively, after addition of 5% Polonite. The bioavailability of Cu, Pb, and Zn was reduced by 70%, 65%, and 54%, respectively, after a 25% Polonite addition. In conclusion, we propose that sediment treatment with low doses of the Polonite by-product can be a cheap, sustainable, and effective remediation method compared to other more intrusive methods such as dredging or conventional isolation capping. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Surface chemistry

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Inverse designing metamaterials with programmable nonlinear functional responses in graph space

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Maurizi, Marco Xu, Derek Wang, Yu-Tong Yao, Desheng Hahn, David Oudich, Mourad Satpati, Anish Bauchy, Mathieu Wang, Wei Sun, Yizhou Jing, Yun Zheng, Xiaoyu Rayne Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley94720 United States Department of Computer Science University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles90095 United States Graduate Program in Acoustics Penn State University PA16802 United States Universite’ de Lorraine CNRS Institut Jean Lamour NancyF-54000 France Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles90095 United States

Material responses to static and dynamic stimuli, represented as nonlinear curves, are design targets for engineering functionalities like structural support, impact protection, and acoustic and photonic bandgaps. Three-dimensional metamaterials offer significant tunability due to their internal structure, yet existing methods struggle to capture their complex behavior-to-structure relationships. We present GraphMetaMat, a graph-based framework capable of designing three-dimensional metamaterials with programmable responses and arbitrary manufacturing constraints. Integrating graph networks, physics biases, reinforcement learning, and tree search, GraphMetaMat can target stress-strain curves spanning four orders of magnitude and complex behaviors, as well as viscoelastic transmission responses with varying attenuation gaps. GraphMetaMat can create cushioning materials for protective equipment and vibration-damping panels for electric vehicles, outperforming commercial materials, and enabling the automatic design of materials with on-demand functionalities. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metamaterials

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