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Micromobility: Progress, benefits, challenges, policy and regulations, energy sources and storage, and its role in achieving sustainable development goals

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 17卷

作者： Olabi, A.G. Wilberforce, Tabbi Obaideen, Khaled Sayed, Enas Taha Shehata, Nabila Alami, Abdul Hai Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering and Design Aston University School of Engineering and Applied Science Birmingham Aston TriangleB4 7ET United Kingdom Center for Advanced Materials Research University of Sharjah PO Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Faculty of Engineering Minia University Elminia Egypt Environmental Science and Industrial Development Department Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef Egypt

Micromobility is dominant in urban areas, enhancing the transportation sustainability and assisting in fulfilling the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This work provides an overall assessment of micromobility: its role under SDGs, policy options, micromobility regulations, emerging technologies, utilisation determinants, energy source, and energy storage. The analysis shows that micromobility could play a major role in achieving the SDGs, specifically SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) by lowering toxic gas emissions and reducing projected traffic accidents. Also, the effect on SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) by reducing the transportation footprint, on SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) by increasing transposition accessibility, reducing traffic congestion and improving the air quality, and equally on SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) by reducing transportation footprint and increase the sources efficiency. Moreover, micromobility affects SDG 13 (Climate Action) by reducing the greenhouse gases. Furthermore, the analysis shows a clear gap in literature and publications on micromobility, especially in energy management and energy storage area. This review shows that new technology of renewable energy and energy storage could play a significant role in achieving the sustainability of micromobility therefore achieving the SDGs. © 2023

关键词： Sustainable development

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Efficient First-Principles Framework for Overdamped Phonon Dynamics and Anharmonic Electron-Phonon Coupling in Superionic materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Yuxuan Zacharias, Marios Zhang, Xiao Pant, Nick Even, Jacky Poudeu, Pierre F.P. Kioupakis, Emmanouil Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Univ Rennes INSA Rennes CNRS Institut FOTON - UMR 6082 RennesF-35000 France Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Relying on the anharmonic special displacement method, we introduce an ab initio quasistatic polymorphous framework to describe local disorder, anharmonicity, and electron-phonon coupling in superionic conductors. Using the example of cubic Cu2Se, we show that positional polymorphism yields extremely overdamped anharmonic vibrations while preserving transverse acoustic phonons, consistent with experiments. We also demonstrate well-defined electronic band structures with large band gap openings due to polymorphism of 1.0 eV and calculate anharmonic electron-phonon renormalization, yielding band gap narrowing with increasing temperature in agreement with previous measurements. Our approach opens the way for efficient ab initio electronic structure calculations in superionic crystals to elucidate their compelling high figure-of-merit. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Energy gap

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Progress in phytoremediation of chromium from the environment

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Chemosphere 2023年 344卷 140307页

作者： Han, Lingzhuo Gu, Haiping Lu, Wenjie Li, Hanyin Peng, Wan-xi Ling Ma, Nyuk Lam, Su Shiung Sonne, Christian College of Forestry Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou450002 China BIOSES Research Interest Group Faculty of Science & Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 21030 Malaysia Department of Sustainable Engineering Institute of Biotechnology Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai602105 India Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu Kuala Nerus21030 Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Ecoscience Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399 Roskilde DK-4000 Denmark Sustainability Cluster School of Engineering University of Petroleum & Energy Studies Uttarakhand Dehradun248007 India

As chromium (Cr) in ecosystems affects human health through food chain exposure, phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly and efficient way to reduce chromium pollution in the environment. Here, we review the mechanism of absorption, translocation, storage, detoxification, and regulation of Cr in plants. The Cr(VI) form is more soluble, mobile, and toxic than Cr(III), reflecting how various valence states of Cr affect environmental risk characteristics, physicochemical properties, toxicity, and plant uptake. Plant root's response to Cr exposure leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis. Cell wall immobilization, vacuole compartmentation, interaction of defense proteins and organic ligand with Cr, and removal of reactive oxygen species by antioxidants continue plant life. In addition, the combined application of microorganisms, genetic engineering, and the addition of organic acids, nanoparticles, fertilization, soil amendments, and other metals could accelerate the phytoremediation process. This review provides efficient methods to investigate and understand the complex changes of Cr metabolism in plants. Preferably, fast-growing, abundantly available biomass species should be modified to mitigate Cr pollution in the environment as these green and efficient remediation technologies are necessary for the protection of soil and water ecology. © 2023

关键词： Detoxification

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Backscattering-free edge states below all bands in two-dimensional auxetic media

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Cheng, Wenting Qian, Kai Cheng, Nan Boechler, Nicholas Mao, Xiaoming Sun, Kai Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States

Unidirectional and backscattering-free propagation of sound waves is of fundamental interest in physics, and highly sought-after in engineering. Current strategies utilize topologically protected chiral edge modes in bandgaps, or complex mechanisms involving active constituents or nonlinearity. Here we propose a new class of passive, linear, one-way edge states based on spin-momentum locking of Rayleigh waves in two-dimensional media in the limit of vanishing bulk modulus, which provides 100% unidirectional and backscattering-free edge propagation at a broad range of frequencies instead of residing in gaps between bulk bands. We further show that such modes are characterized by a new topological winding number that is analogous to discrete angular momentum eigenvalues in quantum mechanics. These passive and backscattering-free edge waves have the potential to enable a new class of phononic devices in the form of lattices or continua that work in previously inaccessible frequency ranges. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Backscattering

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Understanding the Effect of Ni Content on Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Alsi10mg Alloy Samples Under a Variety of Solidification Rates

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： de Moura, Danusa Araújo de Gouveia, Guilherme Lisboa Gomes, Leonardo Fernandes Spinelli, José Eduardo Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of São Carlos UFSCar SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil

It is critical to gain a better knowledge of the impact of varying Ni contents on the microstructural changes of the AlSi10Mg alloy solidified at various cooling severities. Understanding the combined features of Si and Al3Ni phases constituting this modified alloy may also have a significant impact on understading its properties. In order to advance in these topics, AlSi10Mg alloys modified with, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 wt.% Ni are either directionally solidified (DS) at lower cooling rates or laser surface remelted (LSR) at higher rates. α-Al dendritic branches are found in the microstructure of all tested alloys either for DS or LSR specimens, surrounded by the eutectic constituent. Moreover, the dendritic array is defined by the secondary dendritic spacing, λ2, which is found to be 65% lower for the Ni-containing alloys than in the AlSi10Mg alloy. The microstructure of the quaternary alloys is constituted by the α-Al+Si+Al3Ni phases, with the Al3Ni phase having a prevalent fishbone shape and being found in higher proportions as a result of slow cooling and increasing Ni content. Ultimate tensile strength of the AlSi10Mg alloy is 190 MPa for a specified range of λ2 (22-30 μm), which is higher than that of Ni-containing alloys for the same range. However, Ni-containing alloys are more sensitive to λ2, and the DS AlSi10Mg-1Ni alloy, as well as a combination of samples solidified at no less than 3oC/s, fine dendritic spacing ( © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermoanalysis

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Thermodynamic modeling of the LiCl-KCl-LaCl3 system with Bayesian model selection and uncertainty quantification

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gong, Rushi Shang, Shun-Li Goncharov, Vitaliy G. Cockrell, Cillian Trachenko, Kostya Bingham, Paul A. Guo, Xiaofeng Liu, Zi-Kui Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Chemistry Washington State University PullmanWA99164 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Washington State University PullmanWA99164 United States Nuclear Futures Institute Bangor University BangorLL57 1UT United Kingdom School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Materials and Engineering Research Institute Sheffield Hallam University SheffieldS1 1WB United Kingdom

Chloride molten salts are increasingly used in pyroprocessing techniques for the separation of lanthanides. Understanding thermodynamic properties of these salts is essential to predict their critical characteristics and optimize the separation process. Several thermodynamic models, including the associate model, the two-sublattice ionic model, and the modified quasichemical model with quadruplet approximation (MQMQA), have been utilized in the literature to capture the complexity of molten salts. In the present work, the Bayes factor is used to guide the model selection process for thermodynamic modeling of the KCl-LaCl3 system and provide statistical comparison of various models. The results indicate that the MQMQA model is the most favorable one based on available data. The LiCl-KCl-LaCl3 system has been further modelled with uncertainty quantification (UQ) using MQMQA with the thermodynamic properties of compounds in KCl-LaCl3 predicted by the quasiharmonic approach in terms of first-principles phonon calculations as a function of temperature. The calculated phase stability shows excellent agreement with experimental data, indicating that an appropriate thermodynamic model is important for accurately predicting critical characteristics of complex molten salts. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Lithium Chloride

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Room-temperature multiple ligands-tailored SnO_(2) quantum dots endow in situ dual-interface binding for upscaling efficient perovskite photovoltaics with high V_(OC)

引用

Light(science & Applications) 2021年第12期10卷 2467-2481页

作者： Zhiwei Ren Kuan Liu Hanlin Hu Xuyun Guo Yajun Gao Patrick W.K.Fong Qiong Liang Hua Tang Jiaming Huang Hengkai Zhang Minchao Qin Li Cui Hrisheekesh Thachoth Chandran Dong Shen Ming-Fai Lo Annie Ng Charles Surya Minhua Shao Chun-Sing Lee Xinhui Lu Frédéric Laquai Ye Zhu Gang Li Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy(RISE)Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao(GHM)Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and DevicesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials Shenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian BoulevardShenzhen 518055China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) KAUST Solar Center(KSC)Physical Sciences and Engineering Division(PSE)Material Science and Engineering Program(MSE)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin 999077 Hong KongChina Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films(COSDAF) Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The benchmark tin oxide(SnO_(2))electron transporting layers(ETLs)have enabled remarkable progress in planar perovskite solar cell(PSCs).However,the energy loss is still a challenge due to the lack of“hidden interface”*** report a novel ligand-tailored ultrafine SnO_(2) quantum dots(QDs)via a facile rapid room temperature ***,the ligand-tailored SnO_(2) QDs ETL with multi-functional terminal groups in situ refines the buried interfaces with both the perovskite and transparent electrode via enhanced interface binding and perovskite *** novel ETLs induce synergistic effects of physical and chemical interfacial modulation and preferred perovskite crystallization-directing,delivering reduced interface defects,suppressed non-radiative recombination and elongated charge carrier *** conversion efficiency(PCE)of 23.02%(0.04 cm^(2))and 21.6%(0.98 cm^(2),V_(OC) loss:0.336 V)have been achieved for the blade-coated PSCs(1.54 eV E_(g))with our new ETLs,representing a record for SnO_(2) based blade-coated ***,a substantially enhanced PCE(V_(OC))from 20.4%(1.15 V)to 22.8%(1.24 V,90 mV higher V_(OC),0.04 cm^(2) device)in the blade-coated 1.61 eV PSCs system,via replacing the benchmark commercial colloidal SnO_(2) with our new ETLs.

关键词： perovskite interface quantum

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Observation of a dynamic magneto-chiral instability in photoexcited tellurium

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Huang, Yijing Abboud, Nick Lv, Yinchuan Zhu, Penghao Murzabekova, Azel Lee, Changjun Pappas, Emma A. Petruzzi, Dominic Yan, Jason Y. Chauduri, Dipanjan Abbamonte, Peter Shoemaker, Daniel P. Fernandes, Rafael M. Noronha, Jorge Mahmood, Fahad Department of Physics The Grainger College of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Materials Research Laboratory The Grainger College of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Illinois Center for Advanced Studies of the Universe Department of Physics The Grainger College of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Anthony J. Leggett Institute for Condensed Matter Theory The Grainger College of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Grainger College of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

In a system of charged chiral fermions driven out of equilibrium, an electric current parallel to the magnetic field can generate a dynamic instability by which electromagnetic waves become amplified. Whether a similar instability can occur in chiral solid-state systems remains an open question. Using time-domain terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy, we detect signatures of what we dub a "dynamic magneto-chiral instability" in elemental tellurium, a structurally chiral crystal. Upon transient photoexcitation in a moderate external magnetic field, tellurium emits THz radiation consisting of coherent modes that amplify over time. An explanation for this amplification is proposed using a theoretical model based on a dynamic instability of electromagnetic waves interacting with infrared-active oscillators of impurity acceptor states in tellurium to form an amplifying polariton. Our work not only uncovers the presence of a magneto-chiral instability but also highlights its promise for THz-wave amplification in chiral materials. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Terahertz waves

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Noncured graphene thermal interface materials: Minimizing the thermal contact resistance

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Sudhindra, Sriharsha Kargar, Fariborz Balandin, Alexander A. Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

We report on experimental investigation of thermal contact resistance, Rc, of the noncuring graphene thermal interface materials with the surfaces characterized by different degree of roughness, Rc. It is found that the thermal contact resistance depends on the graphene loading, N, non-monotonically, achieving its minimum at the loading fraction of N 15 Rc.%. Increasing the surface roughness by Sq~1 μm results in approximately the factor of ×2 increase in the thermal contact resistance for this graphene loading. The obtained dependences of the thermal conductivity, KTIM, thermal contact resistance, Rc, and the total thermal resistance of the thermal interface material layer on and Rc indicate the need for optimization of the loading fraction of graphene for specific materials and roughness of the connecting surfaces. Our results are important for the thermal management of high-power-density electronics. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface roughness

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Fast Identification, and Construction of Adsorbate-Adsorbent Geometries for High Throughput Computational Applications: The Automatic Surface Adsorbate Structure Provider (Asap) Algorithm

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Wilson, Steven A. Muhich, Christopher L. Chemical Engineering Program School for the Engineering of Matter Transport & Energy Arizona State University 551 E. Tyler Mall TempeAZ85287 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program School for the Engineering of Matter Transport & Energy Arizona State University 551 E. Tyler Mall TempeAZ85287 United States

High through-put computation (HTC) of material properties requires databases or code to generate candidate structures. The complexity of interfaces has stymied the creation of code to generally build candidate sorption geometries, which is required for studying surface chemistry. The Automatic Surface Adsorbate Structure Provider (ASAP) constructs candidate atomic structures for any ad/absorbent-ad/absorbate pair. ASAP identifies all unique sites in/on the sorbent, places the binding atom of the sorbate at open sites in unique atom’s coordination shell, and rotates the sorbate to minimize steric overlap. It only requires the geometric structure of the solid and sorbate, the bonding atom, a bonding distance, and a minimum inter-atomic distance. Thus, ASAP is a new tool that removes the need for researchers to rigorously identify and create the unique absorbate sites by hand and accelerates HTC investigations of surface, intra-pore, and interstitial chemistry and physics. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Atoms

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