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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhong, Hong Pan, Fengjiao Yue, Shuai Qin, Chengzhen Hadjiev, Viktor Tian, Fei Liu, Xinfeng Lin, Feng Wang, Zhiming Bao, Jiming University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Materials Science & Engineering Program University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Kunming650091 China Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu610054 China

The Tauc plot method is widely used to determine the bandgap of semiconductors via UV-visible optical spectroscopy due to its simplicity and perceived accuracy. However, the actual Tauc plot often exhibits significant baseline absorption below the expected bandgap, leading to discrepancies in the calculated bandgap depending on whether the linear fit is extrapolated to zero or non-zero baseline. In this work, we first discuss the origin of background in Tauc plot below the expected bandgap, and show that both extrapolation methods can produce significant errors by simulating Tauc plots with varying levels of baseline absorption. We then propose a new method that involves idealizing the absorption spectrum by removing its baseline before constructing the Tauc plot. By utilizing a gallium phosphide (GaP) wafer with artificially introduced baseline absorptions during UV-Vis measurements, we confirm the detrimental effect of the absorption background and demonstrate the effectiveness of our new method. Finally, we apply this new method to cubic boron arsenide (c-BAs) and resolve discrepancies in c-BAs bandgap values reported by different groups, obtaining a converging bandgap of 1.835 eV based on both previous and new transmission spectra. The method is applicable to both indirect and direct bandgap semiconductors, regardless of whether the absorption spectrum is measured via transmission or diffuse reflectance, will become essential to obtain accurate values of their bandgaps. © 2023, CC0.

关键词： Energy gap

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Exotic physical properties in metallic perovskite LaRuO3: Strong evidence for Hund metal

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Physical Review B 2022年第8期106卷 L081104-L081104页

作者： Z. Y. Li X. Y. Li J. M. He Michael M. McGuire Adam A. Aczel J. A. Alonso M. T. Fernandez-Diaz J.-S. Zhou Materials Science and Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC Cantoblanco E-28049 Madrid Spain Institut-Laue-Langevin (ILL) 156X F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France

The Hund's coupling rule is of fundamental importance in atomic physics. It also plays a key role in the determination of physical properties in strongly correlated electron systems where the Fermi energy lies in multiple bands. We report a thorough investigation of a rarely studied 4d perovskite oxide LaRuO3 by a suite of measurements including transport, magnetization, specific heat, thermoelectric power, thermal conductivity, and neutron and x-ray diffraction. Our results are consistent with theoretical predictions, which makes LaRuO3 an exemplary Hund metal.

关键词： Electrical conductivity Magnetic susceptibility Spin-orbit coupling

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Detecting diabetes-induced abnormal chirality in urine via accumulation-assisted plasmonic chiral sensing

Detecting diabetes-induced abnormal chirality in urine via a...

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2020 Frontiers in Optics Conference, FiO 2020

作者： Liu, Yaoran Wu, Zilong Zheng, Yuebing Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

We demonstrate the label-free chiral detection of metabolic molecules in urine via accumulation-assisted plasmonic chiral sensing, which will benefit the development of point-of-care devices for first-line noninvasive... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580804

关键词： Stereochemistry

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Significant Improvement on Tribological Behavior of Robust Cnx/Fe Films Via the in Situ Formed Tribofilm

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wang, Ganggang Wang, Yunshuo Wen, Mao Qiu, Jianxun Zhang, Shangzhou Li, Yang Yang, Xiaoyang Si, Yanxin Song, Qiyao Ren, Ping School of Environmental and Material Engineering Yantai University Yantai264005 China Department of Materials Science State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE Jilin University Changchun130012 China Institute for Advanced Studies in Precision Materials Yantai University Yantai264005 China College of nuclear equipment and nuclear engineering Yantai University Yantai264005 China

Amorphous carbon nitride (α-CNx) films are perfect materials for advanced tribological applications due to low coefficients of friction. However, their poor degree of graphitization during sliding results in the limited lubrication effect and inevitable wear. Herein, we constructed α-CNx/Fe films at different deposition temperatures by magnetron sputtering. The results indicated that the α-CNx/Fe film deposited at 600 °C has the highest hardness of ~27.3 GPa (2.13 times that of the pure α-CNx film), which is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect between the dense microstructure and the high sp3/sp2 carbon ratio. Besides, the Fe-N bond with catalytic activity in the film can induce the in situ formation of self lubricating tribofilm on the worn surface, which leads to an ultra-low friction coefficient (μ = 0.18) of the α-CNx/Fe film during sliding, only 46% of pure α-CNx films. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectrum, and Electron energy loss spectra further confirmed that most of the tribofilm is composed of graphitized onion-like carbon structure scrolls, which is the critical factor for the decrease of friction coefficient. These results demonstrated that the obtained CNx/Fe films have excellent lubrication characteristics, providing guidance for CNx-based films in advanced precision machining and tribological applications. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hardness

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Grain Selection Growth of Soft Metal in Electrochemical Processes

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Minghao Tantratian, Karnpiwat Ham, So-Yeon Wang, Zhuo Chouchane, Mehdi Shimizu, Ryosuke Bai, Shuang Yang, Hedi Liu, Zhao Li, Letian Avishai, Amir Chen, Lei Meng, Ying Shirley Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Metallurgical Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan-Dearborn DearbornMI48128 United States Department of NanoEngineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Materials and Structural Analysis Thermo Fisher Scientific HillsboroOR97124 United States The Core Center of Excellence in Nano Imaging University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States

Soft metals like lithium and sodium play a critical role in battery technology owing to their high energy density. Texture formation by grain selection growth of soft metals during electrochemical processes is a crucial factor affecting power and safety. Developing a framework to understand and control grain growth is a multifaceted challenge. Here, a general thermodynamic theory and phase-field model are formulated to study grain selection growth of soft metals. Our study focuses on the interplay between surface energy and atomic mobility-related intrinsic strain energy in grain selection growth. Differences in grain selection growth arise from the anisotropy in surface energy and diffusion barrier of soft metal atoms. Our findings highlight the kinetic limitations of solid-state Li metal batteries, which originate from load stress-induced surface energy anisotropy. These insights lead to the development of an amorphous LixSi1-x (0.50 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solid-State Batteries

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Macrophage-mediated controlled release of cysteine protease inhibitor from PLGA-PEG/hydroxyapatite microspheres for targeting cathepsin S in Alzheimer's disease

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European Polymer Journal 2024年 214卷

作者： Yang, I-Hsuan Kuan, Che-Yung Zhang, Sheng-Long Chen, Zhi-Yu Li, Chi-Han Liang, Ya-Jyun Kuo, Wei-Ting Chang, Chia-Ting Lin, Jason Hsieh, Hsing-Pang Chang, Jang-Yang Lin, Feng-Huei Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National United University Miaoli County Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County Taiwan Taipei Cancer Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

The cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown;however, studies have indicated the increased expression of cathepsin S (CTSS) in AD brains. Cathepsin S acts as a β-secretase, prompting the release of amyloid-β peptides and stimulating microglial cell activation, causing microglial migration, and contributing to neuroinflammation and disease progression. In this study, CT001, an inhibitor of the cysteine protease CTSS, was encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol microspheres combined with hydroxyapatite microspheres (CPPMs/HAMs) to achieve a constant and long-term drug release for AD. The results showed that CPPMs/HAMs had a uniform diameter of approximately 1 μm, enabling macrophage endocytosis and facilitating sustained CT001 release into the bloodstream, ultimately reaching the brain for AD treatment. The developed CPPMs/HAMs demonstrated excellent anti-inflammatory properties and mitigated CTSS expression in an in vitro inflammation microglial model. Intramuscular administration of CPPMs/HAMs improved learning and memory in AD mice during behavioral assessments. Furthermore, CPPMs/HAMs reduced CTSS expression, amyloid-beta accumulation, and deposition in vivo. This study demonstrated the potential of CT001 delivered via CPPMs/HAMs as a promising approach for managing AD in patients. © 2024

关键词： Peptides

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Novel Approach for Lithium Recovery from Industrially Li-Containing Wastewater Using Fluidized Bed Homogeneous Granulation Technology

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Luu, The Anh Bui, Do Tien Thinh Le, Van Giang Nguyen, Thi Xuan Hong Bui, Ngoc T. Nguyen, Minh Ky Tran, Huu Tuan Mofijur, M. Bahari, Mahadi B. Bui, Xuan Thanh Vu, Chi Thanh Van, Huu Tap Huang, Yao Hui Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Vietnam National University Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan71710 Taiwan School of Chemical Biological and Materials Engineering School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science University of Oklahoma NormanOK73019 United States Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management Science and Technology Advanced Institute Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam UltimoNSW2007 Australia Mechanical Engineering Department Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University Al Khobar31952 Saudi Arabia Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Johor Bahru Johor81310 Malaysia Linh Trung ward Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Civil and Environmental Engineering Department The University of Alabama in Huntsville HuntsvilleAL35899 United States Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment TNU-University of Sciences Tan Thinh Ward Thai Nguyen City Viet Nam

Background Lithium, a non-renewable metal crucial for metallurgy, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage, faces a looming disposal crisis. The IEA predicts that by 2030, almost 11 million tons of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) will be discarded, with less than 5% adequately treated. Improper disposal also results in the wasteful discharge of lithium-containing compounds into wastewater, exacerbating resource depletion and burdening industrial wastewater treatment. Addressing this, we propose a continuous lithium phosphate granulation process for treating Li-containing wastewater and recovering Li3O4P. This approach addresses the challenge of resource-limited lithium and supports a circular economy by reducing waste and maximizing resource utilization amid escalating global energy demands. Methods To circumvent the drawbacks of chemical precipitation batch operating mode and sludge production, a crystallization process that does not require seeding, such as the proposed fluidized-bed homogeneous crystallization, recovers pollutants and produces homogeneous crystal pellets. By granulating the solid product during precipitation, lithium phosphate can separate more readily from the solution body, producing less sludge. The fluidized bed granulation process facilitates the precipitation of sparingly soluble metal salts onto seed surfaces by controlling the supersaturation conditions of the solution, which produces homogeneous crystal pellet products and reduces sludge production while continuously removing aqueous pollutants. Significant findings In this study, we proposed and designed a novel fluidized bed homogeneous granulation process to recover lithium from industrial Li-containing wastewater. We thoroughly studied the effects of temperature, pH, [P]0/[Li]0 molar ratios, surface loadings, and up-flow velocities on the lithium recovery (TR) and granulation (GR) efficiencies. Results show that operating the system under these optimal conditions, TR and GR

关键词： Lithium compounds

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Effect of Absorption of Patch Antenna Signals on Increasing the Head Temperature

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Computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2020年第8期124卷 683-701页

作者： Mohamed Abbas Ali Algahtani Amir Kessentini Hassen Loukil Muneer Parayangat Thafasal Ijyas Abdul Wase Mohammed Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computers and Communications College of EngineeringDelta University for Science and TechnologyGamasa35712Egypt Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems(LASEM) National Engineering School of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfax3038Tunisia Electronics and Information Technology Laboratory University of SfaxNational Engineering School of SfaxSfax3038Tunisia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Nabeul’s Foundation Institute for Engineering Studies University of CarthageIPEINNabeul8000Tunisia

Every new generation of antennas is characterized by increased accuracy and faster transmission ***,patch antennas have been known to damage human *** type of antenna sends out electromagnetic waves that increase the temperature of the human head and prevent nerve strands from functioning *** paper examines the effect of the communication between the patch antenna and the brain on the head’s temperature by developing a hypothetical multi-input model that achieves more accurate *** inputs are an individual’s blood and tissue,and the emission power of the *** forces depend on the permeability and conductivity characteristics of the metal from which the antenna is *** proposed model is the first one that links the material the antenna is manufactured from and the head’s *** results show that there are only a small number of materials that should be used as antenna *** materials are in the form of thin *** using these thin films at different temperatures,the risk to the head can be *** paper finds that the best results were obtained when the patch antenna was made of one of the following materials operating at a specific temperature:traditional materials at 305°K;casting cast steel at around 295°K;bismuth telluride(Bi2Te3)at 290°K;or barium sodium niobate at 310°K.

关键词： Brain patch antenna head overheating waves behavior materials properties

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Determinant of importance-performance and willingness to participate in Komodo adaptive conservation programs

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Journal for Nature Conservation 2024年 81卷

作者： Sianipar, Imelda Masni Juniaty Lee, Chun-Hung Wang, Hurng-Jyuhn Kim, Doo-Chul Suryawan, I Wayan Koko PhD Student in Asia-Pacific Regional Studies College of Humanities and Social Sciences National Dong Hwa University Department of International Relations Faculty of Social Science and Political Science Universitas Kristen Indonesia Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies College of Environmental Studies and Oceanography National Dong Hwa University Program in Asia-Pacific Regional Studies College of Humanities and Social Sciences National Dong Hwa University Department of Rural Environment Management Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science Okayama University Ph.D Program in Asia-Pacific Regional Studies College of Humanities and Social Sciences National Dong Hwa University Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Infrastructure Planning Universitas Pertamina Jalan Sinabung II Terusan Simprug

This study delves into the evaluation of the Komodo dragons Adaptive Conservation program (KACP) at Komodo National Park in Indonesia through Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). It aims to understand how the programs components align with community priorities and assess its effectiveness. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research analyzes community perceptions of KACP's critical elements, spanning eco-tourism initiatives to environmental protection strategies. The community is categorized into local advocates, eco-tourism enthusiasts, and eco-community harmonizers, identifying how each group perceives and interacts with various facets of KACP. The findings reveal significant differences in perceptions of importance and performance among these groups, providing insights into areas of strength and those needing improvement. Additionally, the study includes an analysis of demographic influences on these perceptions through Logit and Probit models, aiming to understand the impacts across different community segments. The results highlight the necessity for an adaptive and responsive design in conservation efforts, considering community expectations and ecological impacts. Despite offering comprehensive insights, the study acknowledges limitations in the demographic scope and suggests future research directions, such as longitudinal studies and an expanded analysis of variables. These findings offer critical guidance for policymakers and conservation practitioners to enhance conservation programs’ effectiveness and community alignment, emphasizing the need to adapt to the challenges and changes introduced by KACP. © 2024 Elsevier GmbH

关键词： Adaptive capacity Community perception Conservation strategy evaluation Importance-performance analysis Protected areas

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Synthesis of Metal-Modified Nanocellulose as a Biofilm Analogue for Biofilm Mimicry in Biomedical and Environmental Applications

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Biopolymers 2025年第4期116卷 e70029页

作者： Darryl W Taylor A-Andrew D Jones University Program in Materials Science & Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina USA. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina USA. Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina USA.

Bacterial biofilms are complex, multi-component structures consisting primarily of four key elements: polysaccharides, metal ions, proteins, and extracellular DNA. In our research, we specifically focus on the polysaccharide and metal ion components, which play a crucial role in determining the biofilm's mechanical properties. Polysaccharides provide the structural matrix, although metal ions, particularly divalent cations like calcium and cobalt, cross-link with the polysaccharides, thereby modulating the biofilm's rigidity and viscoelastic behavior. By introducing divalent cations into nanocellulose, we can replicate this natural cross-linking process, allowing us to finely tune the material's mechanical properties to more closely resemble those of bacterial biofilms. This approach not only enhances the accuracy of synthetic biofilm models over alginate hydrogels but also provides valuable insights into how biofilms maintain their structural integrity in various environments. Our findings indicate that nanocellulose exhibits mechanical properties closer to biofilms than alginate analogs, making it a suitable non-living control for biofilm studies. Furthermore, divalent nickel, followed by calcium and magnesium, demonstrate a closer mechanical mimicry to biofilms. In conclusion, this research shows the potential of nanocellulose as a versatile material for bacterial biofilm mimicry.

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