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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lee, Jun-Yong Kumari, Asha Yuan, Ye Tasinkevych, Mykola Smalyukh, Ivan I. International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Department of Physics and Mathematics School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane NottinghamNG11 8NS United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Topology can manifest itself in colloids when quantified by invariants like Euler characteristics of nonzero-genus colloidal surfaces, albeit spherical colloidal particles are most often studied, and colloidal particles with complex topology are rarely considered. On the other hand, singular defects and topological solitons often define the physical behavior of the molecular alignment director fields in liquid crystals. Interestingly, nematic liquid crystalline dispersions of colloidal particles allow for probing the interplay between topologies of surfaces and fields, but only a limited number of such cases have been explored so far. Here, we study the hybridization of topological solitons, singular defects, and topologically nontrivial colloidal particles with the genus of surfaces different from zero in a chiral nematic liquid crystal phase. Hybridization occurs when distortions separately induced by colloidal particles and LC solitons overlap, leading to energy minimization-driven redistribution of director field deformations and defects. As a result, hybrid director configurations emerge, combining topological features from both components. We uncover a host of director field configurations complying with topological theorems, which can be controlled by applying electric fields. Rotational and translational dynamics arise due to the nonreciprocal evolution of the director fields in response to alternating electric fields of different frequencies. These findings help define a platform for controlling topologically hyper-complex colloidal structures and dynamics with electrically reconfigurable singular defects and topological solitons induced by colloidal handlebodies. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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COVID-19 Infected Lung Computed Tomography Segmentation and Supervised Classification Approach

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Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 391-407页

作者： Aqib Ali Wali Khan Mashwani Samreen Naeem Muhammad Irfan Uddin Wiyada Kumam Poom Kumam Hussam Alrabaiah Farrukh Jamal Christophe Chesneau Department of Computer Science Concordia College BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT Glim Institute of Modern StudiesBahawalpur63100Pakistan Institute of Numerical Sciences Kohat University of Science&TechnologyKohat26000Pakistan Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat26000Pakistan Program in Applied Statistics Department of Mathematics and Computer ScienceFaculty of Science and TechnologyRajamangala University of Technology ThanyaburiThanyaburi12110Thailand Departments of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceCenter of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science(TaCS-CoE)&KMUTT Fixed Point Research LaboratoryRoom SCL 802 Fixed Point LaboratoryScience Laboratory BuildingKing Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi(KMUTT)Bangkok10140Thailand Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalTaichung40402Taiwan College of Engineering Al Ain UniversityAl Ain64141United Arab Emirates Department of Mathematics Tafila Technical UniversityTafila66110Jordan Department of Statistics The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan 11Department of MathematicsUniversitéde CaenLMNOCaen14032France

The purpose of this research is the segmentation of lungs computed tomography(CT)scan for the diagnosis of COVID-19 by using machine learning *** dataset contains data from patients who are prone to the *** contains three types of lungs CT images(Normal,Pneumonia,and COVID-19)collected from two different sources;the first one is the Radiology Department of Nishtar Hospital Multan and Civil Hospital Bahawalpur,Pakistan,and the second one is a publicly free available medical imaging database known as *** the preprocessing,a novel fuzzy c-mean automated region-growing segmentation approach is deployed to take an automated region of interest(ROIs)and acquire 52 hybrid statistical features for each ***,12 optimized statistical features are selected via the chi-square feature reduction *** the classification,five machine learning classifiers named as deep learning J4,multilayer perceptron,support vector machine,random forest,and naive Bayes are deployed to optimize the hybrid statistical features *** is observed that the deep learning J4 has promising results(sensitivity and specificity:0.987;accuracy:98.67%)among all the deployed *** a complementary study,a statistical work is devoted to the use of a new statistical model to fit the main datasets of COVID-19 collected in Pakistan.

关键词： COVID-19 machine learning fuzzy c-mean deep learning J4

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Privacy Preserving Electronic Health Record with Consortium Blockchain

Privacy Preserving Electronic Health Record with Consortium ...

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International Conference on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical engineering (ICITISEE)

作者： Adri Gautama Adian Fatchur Rochim Luhur Bayuaji Doctoral Program of Information System School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Computer Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Computer Science Budi Luhur University Jakarta Indonesia

Every patient has health record, it was written as statement of patient's conditions, treatments, and medications, and nowadays it is become digitalized, it can be copied and shared easily, but the nature of EHR is private, not for public, private between patients and healthcare provider. Privacy preserving can be done by implementing Blockchain network for storing EHR, only authorized users or nodes can access and write data to the network. New block in blockchain created as per consensus among nodes, every node can join a blockchain network if it is public, to meet a consensus required resources intensive cryptographic challenge, in private blockchain, only selected can join and involved in the network or specific transaction. In healthcare, data privacy is the main concerned, need a secure, scalable, and efficient blockchain hence implementing consortium blockchain is perfect match for EHR where multiple healthcare provider can operate in a single platform to conduct transaction or sharing EHR among members. This study analyzes 15 articles derived from IEEE Explore, science Direct and Scopus by implementing screening with keyword Consortium Blockchain and EHR and proposing new blockchain model accommodating solution for challenges on access, storage, sharing, privacy, and performance.

关键词： Electrical engineering Data privacy Privacy Analytical models Monte Carlo methods Medical services Blockchains

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Constructing Pdo Reinforced Cuo/Al2O3 Mesoporous Nanostructures as Highefficiency Catalysts for Hydrazine Oxidation Reaction (Hzor)

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Khan, Safia Arshad, Ifzan Aftab, Saima Arshad, Javeria Khan, Mariam Shah, Syed Sakhawat Janjua, Naveed Kausar Li, Hu Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University Shenzhen518057 China Shandong Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration School of Integrated Circuits Shandong University Jinan250101 China Institute for Advanced Studies Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad43520 Pakistan National University of Technology Islamabad44000 Pakistan Ångström Laboratory Department of Materials Science and Engineering Uppsala University Uppsala75121 Sweden

Direct hydrazine fuel cells (DHFC) demand the evolved and persistent electrocatalysts for anodic hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR). Herein, PdO promoted CuO heterostructures supported on γ-Al2O3 are presented as efficient electrocatalysts for HzOR. γ-Al2O3 is prepared by precipitation method while metal precursors are incorporated by co-impregnation technique. Physiochemically characterized PdO-CuO/Al2O3 mesoporous composites displayed large electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) i.e., 0.18 cm2, high current density (j) i.e., 35.7 mAcm-2, larger diffusion coefficient (D°) i.e., 29.3 × 10-4 (cm2s-1), large apparent rate constant (kapp) i.e., 13.2 cms-1 with low charge transfer resistance (Rct) i.e., 3.6 kΩ shown by the best catalyst i.e., 1% PdO-CuO/Al2O3. Cyclic voltammetry indicated that the fabricated working electrodes offer high efficiency towards HzOR in alkaline medium in such a way that 1% PdO-CuO/Al2O3 produced 600 times higher oxidation current than CuO/Al2O3 composite. Owing to stability and reproducibility, PdO modified CuO/Al2O3 would achieve a huge catalytic significance in multiple electrochemical oxidation reactions with economic and ecological benefits. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cyclic voltammetry

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Spectral analysis of high-order harmonic generation in carbon plasma using linearly, radially, and azimuthally polarized femtosecond pulses

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Optik 2024年 318卷

作者： Ganeev, R.A. Boltaev, G.S. Alnaser, A.S. Materials Research Center College of Arts and Science American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Department of Sciences Western Caspian University Istiglaliyyat Street 31 BakuAZ1001 Azerbaijan Department of Optics and Spectroscopy Voronezh State University Voronezh394006 Russia Department of Physics College of Arts and Sciences American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering Program College of Arts and Sciences American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Department of Optics and Spectroscopy Voronezh State University Voronezh394018 Russia

We demonstrate high-order harmonic generation in carbon plasma using linearly, radially, and azimuthally polarized beams from a femtosecond laser (1030 nm, 40 fs, 50 kHz). The conditions for carbon plasma formation during laser ablation were optimized by adjusting the heating pulse energy in the cases of the single-color (1030 nm) and two-color (1030 nm + 515 nm) pump schemes to generate harmonics up to the 39th order. The application of radial and azimuthally polarized annular single-color (1030 nm) beams at optimal conditions of plasma formation allowed the demonstration of the spectral division and inclination of the vector harmonics. An asymmetric distribution of harmonics was obtained using the vortex beam generated during the propagation of laser radiation through the quarter-wave plate and S-waveplate. © 2024 Elsevier GmbH

关键词： Femtosecond lasers

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Expansion cooling prospects for large scale applications

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 20卷

作者： Alami, Abdul Hai Alrashid, Rashid Mdallal, Ayman Yasin, Ahmad Ayoub, Mohamad Alasad, Shamma Aljaghoub, Haya Alashkar, Adnan Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali Olabi, Abdul Ghani Orhan, Mehmet Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sustainable Energy and Power Systems Research Centre RISE University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical Engineering American University of Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Mechatronics Engineering American University of Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program American University of Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Chemical Engineering Department Minia University Elminia Egypt Mechanical Engineering and Design School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston University Aston Triangle BirminghamB4 7ET United Kingdom

Air conditioning in general and cooling in particular are the biggest energy sinks among all electricity consumers. Mitigating energy needs of this sector by active or passive means is a necessity. This paper offers a comprehensive review of various cooling technologies for large scale applications and compares them in terms of economy, environmental footprint and most importantly, energy requirements. There is a main focus on the potential of using expansion cooling, which is defined in conjunction with cooling effects generated during the expansion process of a gas. The interest in such cooling technology stems from the double benefit of utilizing a large-scale compressed air energy storage (CAES) system that can also provide cooling via the expansion of air. This consequently manifests in reducing the electrical demand required for cooling applications. Such a concept is beneficial for hot climates, where most of the electrical demand is reserved for offsetting the cooling load. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Compressed air energy storage

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Electrochemical hydrogen production from humid air using cation-modified graphene oxide membranes

Electrochemical hydrogen production from humid air using cat...

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作者： Hamidah, Nur Laila Shintani, Masataka Ahmad Fauzi, Aynul Sakinah Kitamura, Shota Mission, Elaine G. Hatakeyama, Kazuto Sasaki, Mitsuru Quitain, Armando T. Kida, Tetsuya Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Science and Technology Kumamoto University Kumamoto860-8555 Japan Department of Engineering Physics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia Tsukuba305-8565 Japan Institute of Pulsed Power Science Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan College of Cross-Cultural and Multidisciplinary Studies Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan Division of Materials Science Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan

Water electrolysis is an environment-friendly process of producing hydrogen with zero-carbon emission. Herein, we studied the water vapor electrolysis using a proton-conducting membrane composed of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets intercalated with cations (Al3+ and Ce3+). We examined the effect of cation introduction on the physical and chemical structures, morphology, thermal and chemical stabilities, and the proton conductivity of stacked GO nanosheet membranes by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Concentration cell measurements revealed that the cation-modified membranes are pure proton conductors at room temperature. The proton conductivity of a GO membrane was much improved by cation modification. The cation-modified GO membranes, sandwiched with Pt/C electrodes as the cathode and anode, electrolyzed humidified air to produce hydrogen at room temperature, indicating the feasibility of this carbon-based electrochemical device. © 2020 IUPAC & De Gruyter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. For more information, please visit: http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 2020.

关键词： Positive ions

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Thermal Conductivity Measurement Using Modulated Photothermal Radiometry for Nitrate and Chloride Molten Salts

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chung, Ka Man Feng, Tianshi Zeng, Jian Adapa, Sarath Reddy Zhang, Xintong Zhao, Andrew Z. Zhang, Ye Li, Peiwen Zhao, Youyang Garay, Javier E. Chen, Renkun Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering The University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States National Renewable Energy Laboratory 15013 Denver West Parkway GoldenCO80401 United States

Molten salts are being used or explored for thermal energy storage and conversion systems in concentrating solar power and nuclear power plants. Thermal conductivity of molten salts is an important thermophysical property dictating the performance and cost of these systems, but its accurate measurement has been challenging, as evidenced by wide scattering of existing data in literature. The corrosive and conducting nature of these fluids also leads to time consuming sample preparation processes of many contact-based measurements. Here, we report the measurement of thermal conductivity of molten salts using a modulated photothermal radiometry (MPR) technique, which is a laser-based, non-contact, frequency-domain method adopted for molten salts for the first time. By unitizing the advantages of front side sensing of frequency-domain measurements and the vertical holder orientation, the technique can minimize the natural convection and salt creeping effects, thus yielding accurate molten salt thermal conductivity. The MPR technique is first calibrated using standard molten materials including paraffin wax and sulfur. It is then applied on measuring pure nitrate salts (NaNO3 and KNO3), solar salt (NaNO3–KNO3 mixture), and chloride salt (NaCl–KCl–MgCl2). The measurement results are compared with data from literature, especially those obtained from laser flash analysis (LFA). Our results demonstrate that the MPR is a convenient and reliable technique of measuring thermal conductivity of molten salts. Accurate thermal conductivity data of molten salts will be valuable in developing the next-generation high-temperature thermal energy storage and conversion systems. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Sodium nitrate

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Ecotoxicity of micro- and nanoplastics on aquatic algae: Facts, challenges, and future opportunities

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Journal of Environmental Management 2023年 346卷 118982页

作者： Nguyen, Minh-Ky Lin, Chitsan Nguyen, Hoang-Lam Le, Van-Giang Haddout, S. Um, Myoung-Jin Chang, Soon W. Nguyen, D. Duc Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Department of Civil Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Vietnam National University Hanoi111000 Viet Nam Department of Physics Ibn Tofail University Morocco Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering Kyonggi University 442-760 Korea Republic of Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering Nguyen Tat Thanh University 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh District 4 HCM City755414 Viet Nam

The production of plastic has exponentially increased in recent years, leading to the release of millions of tons of plastic waste into the environment annually. This waste can break down into smaller micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) that are toxic and reactive to life forms, including humans. MNPs are particularly concerning for marine biologists and environmental scientists due to their toxic impacts on aquatic organisms, including algae, which are the foundation of the food chain. The review provides a comprehensive overview of the (eco)toxicity assessment of MNPs on aquatic algal communities, highlighting the novel insights gained into the ecotoxicity of various MNPs on algae and the associated health risks for aquatic ecosystems, food chains, and humans. This article also discusses current challenges and future research opportunities to address these challenges, making it a valuable contribution to the field of environmental science. Overall, this work is one of the first efforts to comprehensively assess the effects of MNPs on aquatic algae, emphasizing the significant risks that MNPs pose to essential ecosystems and human health. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Health risks

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Molecular-Scale Visualization of Steric Effects of Ligand Binding to Reconstructed Au(111) Surfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bi, Liya Jamnuch, Sasawat Chen, Amanda Do, Alexandria Balto, Krista P. Wang, Zhe Zhu, Qingyi Wang, Yufei Zhang, Yanning Tao, Andrea R. Pascal, Tod A. Figueroa, Joshua S. Li, Shaowei Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0309 United States Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0418 United States Department of Nano and Chemical Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0448 United States Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China

Direct imaging of single molecules at nanostructured interfaces is a grand challenge, with potential to enable new, precise material architectures and technologies. Of particular interest are the structural morphology and spectroscopic signatures of the adsorbed molecule, where modern probes are only now being developed with the necessary spatial and energetic resolution to provide detailed information at molecule-surface interface. Here, we directly visualize the binding of individual m-terphenyl isocyanide ligands to a reconstructed Au(111) surface through scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS). The site-dependent steric pressure of the various surface features alters the vibrational fingerprints of the m-terphenyl isocyanides, which is characterized with single-molecule precision through joint experimental and theoretical approaches. This study for the first time provides molecular-level insights into the steric-pressure-enabled surface binding selectivity, as well as its effect on the chemical properties of individual surface-binding ligands. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Scanning tunneling microscopy

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