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Correction: Reconsidering invasion history of common land snails in Japan through genome-wide analyses

Biological Invasions 2023年第11期25卷 3551-3552页

作者： Hirano, Takahiro Yamazaki, Daishi Ito, Shun Sato, Mitsuhiko P. Matsuo, Ayumi Saito, Takumi Nishi, Hirotaka Ye, Bin Dong, Zhengzhong Van Tu, Do Shau-Hwai, Aileen Tan Suyama, Yoshihisa Chiba, Satoshi Center for Northeast Asian Studies Tohoku University Sendai Japan Graduate School of Life Sciences Tohoku University Sendai Japan Biology Program Faculty of Science University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science Kochi University Nankoku Japan Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science Toho University Funabashi Japan Kazusa DNA Research Institute Kisarazu Japan Kawatabi Field Science Center Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Osaki Japan Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic Toyohashi Museum of Natural History Toyohashi Japan Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Agricultural Experiment Station Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia

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The 2020 power blackout in the brazilian state of amapá: Lessons learned and opportunities

The 2020 power blackout in the brazilian state of amapá: Le...

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2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference - Latin America, ISGT Latin America 2021

作者： Do Prado, Josue Campos Santos, Marcos Vinicius Ramos, Lucas Feksa Canha, Luciane Neves Konzen, Gabriel School of Engineering Computer Science Washington State University VancouverWA98686 United States School of Engineering Newcastle University Newcastle Upon TyneNE1 7RU United Kingdom Federal University of Rondônia Department of Electrical Engineering Porto Velho Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil Division of Energy Economics and Environmental Studies Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781665444217

The Brazilian state of Amapa=-notable for having 70% of its area consisting of unexplored Amazonian forests-experienced a massive power blackout in November 2020. An internal short-circuit in a transformer led to an explosion followed by a fire at the Macapa substation. This event left about 90% of the Amapa's population without power for several days in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic, disrupting the lives of hundreds of thousands of people and raising concerns from several electricity sector stakeholders. This paper discusses select lessons learned from the power blackout and presents future opportunities to improve power system reliability and resilience for the grids in Amapá, and other similar Brazilian states, with a special focus on the increasingly important role of of distributed energy resources and smart grid technologies. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Outages

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Atomic-scale origin of the low grain-boundary resistance in perovskite solid electrolytes

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Lee, Tom Qi, Ji Gadre, Chaitanya A. Huyan, Huaixun Ko, Shu-Ting Zuo, Yunxing Du, Chaojie Li, Jie Aoki, Toshihiro Stippich, Caden John Wu, Ruqian Luo, Jian Ong, Shyue Ping Pan, Xiaoqing Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California at Irvine IrvineCA United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California at Irvine IrvineCA United States Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Irvine Materials Research Institute University of California at Irvine IrvineCA United States

Oxide solid electrolytes (OSEs) have the potential to achieve improved safety and energy density for lithium-ion batteries, but their high grain-boundary (GB) resistance is a general bottleneck. In the most well studied perovskite OSE, Li3xLa2/3-xTiO3 (LLTO), the ionic conductivity of GBs is about three orders of magnitude lower than that of the bulk. In contrast, the related Li0.375Sr0.4375Ta0.75Zr0.25O3 (LSTZ0.75) perovskite exhibits low GB resistance for reasons yet unknown. Here, we used aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopy, along with an active learning moment tensor potential, to reveal the atomic scale structure and composition of LSTZ0.75 GBs. Vibrational electron energy loss spectroscopy is applied for the first time to characterize the otherwise unmeasurable Li distribution in GBs of LSTZ0.75. We found that Li depletion, which is a major reason for the low GB ionic conductivity of LLTO, is absent for the GBs of LSTZ0.75. Instead, the low GB resistivity of LSTZ0.75 is attributed to the formation of a unique defective cubic perovskite interfacial structure that contained abundant vacancies. Our study provides insights into the atomic scale mechanisms of low GB resistivity and sheds light on possible paths for designing OSEs with high total ionic conductivity. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Ionic conductivity

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Low [O/Fe] Ratio in a Luminous Galaxy at the Early Cosmic Epoch (z > 10): Signature of Short Delay Time or Bright Hypernovae/Pair-Instability Supernovae?

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Nakane, Minami Ouchi, Masami Nakajima, Kimihiko Harikane, Yuichi Tominaga, Nozomu Takahashi, Koh Kashino, Daichi Yanagisawa, Hiroto Watanabe, Kuria Nomoto, Ken'ichi Isobe, Yuki Nishigaki, Moka Ishigaki, Miho N. Ono, Yoshiaki Takeda, Yui Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8582 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Osawa 2-21-1 Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba277-8583 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Engineering Konan University 8-9-1 Okamoto Kobe Hyogo658-8501 Japan Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan

We present an [O/Fe] ratio of a luminous galaxy GN-z11 at z = 10.60 derived with the deep public JWST/NIRSpec data. We fit the medium-resolution grating (G140M, G235M, and G395M) data with the model spectra consisting of BPASS-stellar and Cloudy-nebular spectra in the rest-frame UV wavelength ranges with Fe absorption lines, carefully masking out the other emission and absorption lines in the same manner as previous studies conducted for lower redshift (z ∼ 2 − 6) galaxies with oxygen abundance measurements. We obtain an Fe-rich abundance ratio [O/Fe] = −0.37+0.−04322, which is confirmed with the independent deep prism data as well as by the classic 1978 index method. This [O/Fe] measurement is lower than measured for star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 2−3. Because z = 10.60 is an early epoch after the Big Bang (∼ 430 Myr) and first star formation (likely ∼ 200 Myr), it is difficult to produce Fe by Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) requiring sufficient delay time for white-dwarf formation and gas accretion. The Fe-rich abundance ratio in GN-z11 suggests that the delay time is short, or that the major Fe enrichment is not accomplished by SNeIa but bright hypernovae (BrHNe) and/or pair-instability supernovae (PISNe), where the yield models of BrHNe and PISNe explain Fe, Ne, and O abundance ratios of GN-z11. The [O/Fe] measurement is not too low to rule out the connection between GN-z11 and globular clusters (GCs) previously suggested by the nitrogen abundance, but rather supports the connection with a GC population at high [N/O] if a metal dilution process exists. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： White dwarfs

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Development of rapid qualitative detection DNA microarray platform for Salmonella typhimurium for food safety

Development of rapid qualitative detection DNA microarray pl...

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International Conference on materials Research and Innovation, ICMARI 2018

作者： Samphaongern, C. Pipatpanukul, C. Srikhirin, T. Materials Science and Engineering Program School of Materials Science and Innovation Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok10400 Thailand Materials Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Burapha University Chonburi20131 Thailand

Screening of possible bacteria contamination in food products is one of the measures implemented to avoid potential health hazards. In food industry, standard cell culture technique is widely used to monitor bacterial contamination. However, the main drawback of this technique is its inherited time consumed during the culturing step, which requires about 72 hours. In this research, an alternative DNA microarray technique was developed for a qualitative screening of a possible Salmonella typhimurium contamination in chicken, with the aim of reducing the detection time down to 3 hrs. The identification of S. typhimurium in food samples was carried out by hybridization of the possible contaminant with specific probe immobilized on a biochip. Novel DNA probes were designed as 16-50 base pairs of nucleotides to recognize with specific parts in S. typhimurium genomic. At least two DNA probes were identified as the candidate probes which had the potential to promote the best hybridization. DNA microarray was fabricated by mixing candidate DNA probes with photoactive polymer network, (poly(DMAA-mABP-SSNa)), and was printed onto a plastic substrate by non-contact microspotter. DNA probe was covalently immobilized onto the surface by 254 nm of UV lamp with 1.25 J/cm2. PCR product functionalized with biotin was hybridized with DNA probe and labelled with streptavidin-cy5. Specific binding yielded fluorescence signal. The intensity image signal was read-out by a fluorescent microarray reader. Two genes specific to S. typhimurium (fimC and invA), were investigated by using specially designed DNA primers and DNA probes. From the assay optimization, it was found that 1 mg/ml of polymer hydrogel concentration, 10 μM of DNA probe concentration, 10 μg/ml of labelling concentration, and 2 nL of array volume yielded the highest signal intensity. The results were calibrated into CFU/ml (cell forming unit). The system was applied successfully for the detection of S. typhiurium without an

关键词： DNA

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Nanoparticle localization within chiral liquid crystal defect lines and nanoparticle interactions

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Physical Review E 2023年第3期107卷 034701-034701页

作者： Mykola Tasinkevych Sungoh Park Haridas Mundoor Ivan I. Smalyukh SOFT Group School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane Nottingham NG11 8NS United Kingdom Departamento de Física and Centro de Física Teórica e Computacional Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa 1749-016 Lisboa Portugal International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima 739-8511 Japan Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Soft Materials Research Center Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Self-assembly of colloidal particles into predefined structures is a promising way to design inexpensive manmade materials with advanced macroscopic properties. Doping of nematic liquid crystals (LCs) with nanoparticles has a series of advantages in addressing these grand scientific and engineering challenges. It also provides a very rich soft matter platform for the discovery of unique condensed matter phases. The LC host naturally allows the realization of diverse anisotropic interparticle interactions, enriched by the spontaneous alignment of anisotropic particles due to the boundary conditions of the LC director. Here we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that the ability of LC media to host topological defect lines can be used as a tool to probe the behavior of individual nanoparticles as well as effective interactions between them. LC defect lines irreversibly trap nanoparticles enabling controlled particle movement along the defect line with the use of a laser tweezer. Minimization of Landau–de Gennes free energy reveals a sensitivity of the ensuing effective nanoparticle interaction to the shape of the particle, surface anchoring strength, and temperature, which determine not only the strength of the interaction but also its repulsive or attractive character. Theoretical results are supported qualitatively by experimental observations. This work may pave the way toward designing controlled linear assemblies as well as one-dimensional crystals of nanoparticles such as gold nanorods or quantum dots with tunable interparticle spacing.

关键词： Charged colloids Complex fluids Liquid crystals

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Ultrafast measurements of the interfacial spin seebeck effect in Au and rare-earth iron garnet bilayers

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ortiz, Víctor H. Gomez, Michael J. Liu, Yawen Aldosary, Mohammed Shi, Jing Wilson, Richard B. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Program University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

We investigate picosecond spin-currents across Au/iron-garnet interfaces in response to ultrafast laser heating of the electrons in the Au film. In the picoseconds after optical heating, interfacial spin currents occur due to an interfacial temperature difference between electrons in the metal and magnons in the insulator. We report measurements of this interfacial longitudinal spin Seebeck effect between Au and rare-earth iron-garnet insulators, i.e. RE3Fe5O12, where RE is Y, Eu, Tb, Tm. By systematically varying the rare-earth element, we modify the total magnetic moment of the iron-garnet. We use time domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) measurements to characterize the thermal response of the bilayer to ultrafast optical heating. We use time-resolved magneto-optic Kerr effect (TR-MOKE) measurements of the Au layer to measure the time-evolution of spin accumulation in the Au film. Replacing Y with other rare-earths enhances the electron-magnon conductance Ge-m at the Au iron-garnet interface by as much as a factor of three. The electron-magnon conductance does not follow the trend of either the total magnetization of the iron garnet or the magnetic moment of the rare-earth. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Electrons

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Assessment of HVAF thermally sprayed coatings: Unraveling microstructural, electrochemical, and tribological performance using glass former Fe-Cr-Mo-Nb-B feedstock powder

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

引用

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems 2024年 6卷

作者： Mota, I.G.C. Koga, G.Y. Rodrigues, L.C.M. Nascimento, A.R.C. Ettouil, F.B. Ferreira, T. Coimbrão, D.D. Kiminami, C.S. Bolfarini, C. Moreau, C. Botta, W.J. Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Rod. Washington Luis km 235 SP São CarlosCEP 13565-905 Brazil Federal University of São Carlos Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rod. Washington Luis km 235 SP São CarlosCEP 13565-905 Brazil Federal University of Sao Carlos Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235 SP-310 São Paulo São Carlos13565-905 Brazil Thermal Spray and Multiphase Flow Laboratory Concordia University MontrealQCH3G 1M8 Canada Department of Mechanical Industrial and Aerospace Engineering Concordia University 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd. W MontrealQCH3G 1M8 Canada

In this paper the microstructural features of the glass former Fe68Cr8Mo4Nb4B16 coatings are unveiled and related to their electrochemical and tribological responses. The coating was mostly glassy with some embedded borides (M3B2, M2B-tetragonal;M being the metallic elements of the alloy) and ferrite. The tribological behavior of the HVAF coated sample, characterized by a thickness of about 200 µm, ∼6% porosity and a Vickers hardness of 357 HV0.5, was assessed in a sphere-on-plate configuration, revealing a specific wear rate of approximately 5 ×10−4 mm3∙N−1m−1. The wear mechanism was dominated by delamination caused by fragile intersplats. The corrosion resistance of HVAF coatings was evaluated in 0.6 M NaCl solution and compared with the results obtained for the crystalline Fe68Cr8Mo4Nb4B16 ingot, produced by melting in an induction furnace, and for the AISI 1020 steel substrate. The HVAF coating showed satisfactory corrosion resistance compared to the carbon steel substrate and the crystalline ingot, with the highest corrosion potential, Ecorr, values (−533 mVSCE) and the lowest corrosion current density, icorr, (10−6 A∙cm−2) followed by a clear passivation window upon anodic polarization in 0.6 M NaCl solution. Evaluations of HVAF coating showed a higher glassy content compared to the gas-atomized feedstock powders. This suggests that during spraying, certain particles were molten and experienced cooling rates adequate to inhibit crystallization, resulting in the freezing of the supercooled liquid. This phenomenon contributes to the good corrosion resistance observed in the present work and offers an opportunity to enhance the electrochemical behavior of HVAF coatings. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Wear of materials

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Effect of thermal Barrier coating in CI engines fueled with Citrus Medica (Citron) peel oil biodiesel dosed with cerium oxide nanoparticle

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materials Today: Proceedings 2021年 37卷 1943-1956页

作者： Mohanraj Shanmugam S. Sathiyamurthy G. Rajkumar S. Saravanakumar S. Tamil Prabakaran V.S. Shaisundaram Department of Materials Engineering and Nanotechnology Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy Department of Automobile Engineering Easwari Engineering College Chennai India Department of Automobile Engineering Kumaraguru College of Technology Coimbatore India Department of Mechanical Engineering Government College of Engineering Bargur Tamilnadu India Department of Automobile Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Chennai

In modern days, due to the increase in the automobile pollution and energy crisis has been major concern that world is facing. So, discovering a alternate source of fuel that can partially replace the conventional fuel sources is certainly necessary. Biodiesel is one such alternate fuel source that can fractionally meet the energy requirement. Additionally, control of Green House Gases (GHG) also plays a vital role in conserving the environment. In the present research article, the emission and performance characteristics of Citrus Medica Peel Oil bio diesel dosed with Cerium Oxide (CeO 2 ) nano particle additive was studied. As well the engine cylinder liner and piston head were coated with Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) of thickness 300 µm and 150 µm respectively to furthermore improve the performance characteristics. TBC was done with Zirconia Stabilized with Yttria and Ceria (Zirconia 85%, Yttria 10%, and Ceria 5%). Air Plasma Spray Technique (APS) was employed to carry out the coating. Finally, the emission and performance analysis were carrier out with DCO, B15, B20, B25 blends in single cylinder compression ignition engine with TBC and with and without TBC under same testing conditions. It was found that Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) of B20 + 15 ppm was marginally higher and with TBC the Specific Fuel Consumption is reduced by 10.59% and there was rise in frictional power loss. The Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) escalated by 8-15⁰C. Regarding the emissions, there was accountable decline in Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and oxides of Nitrogen (NOx). The morphology of coating remained undifferentiated after 20 h of uninterrupted operation of engine but with only excess carbon deposits on the surface.

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engineering the directionality of hot carrier tunneling in plasmonic tunneling structures

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Abbasi, Mahdiyeh Liao, Shusen Zhu, Yunxuan Natelson, Douglas Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Tunneling metal-insulator-metal (MIM) junctions can exhibit an open-circuit photovoltage (OCPV) response under illumination that may be useful for photodetection. One mechanism for photovoltage generation is hot carrier tunneling, in which photoexcited carriers generate a net photocurrent that must be balanced by a drift current in the open-circuit configuration. We present experiments in electromigrated planar MIM structures, designed with asymmetric plasmonic properties using Au and Pt electrodes. Decay of optically excited local plasmonic modes preferentially creates hot carriers on the Au side of the junction, leading to a clear preferred directionality of the hot electron photocurrent and hence a preferred polarity of the resulting OCPV. In contrast, in an ensemble of symmetric devices constructed from only one Au, polarity of the OCPV has no preferred direction. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plasmonics

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