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Structural modification of carbon black for improving the dielectric performance of epoxy based composites

Advanced Industrial and engineering Polymer Research 2018年第1期1卷 111-117页

作者： Wang, Xin Li, Zewei Chen, Zhiwu Zeng, Lanying Sun, Luyi School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Polymer Program Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT United States

To explore a feasible strategy for improving the dielectric properties of carbon black (CB)/epoxy composites, CB@TiO2 core-shell particles and CB-SiO2 hybrid particles were prepared and incorporated into epoxy. The microstructures of CB, CB@TiO2, and CB-SiO2 particles, as well as the dielectric properties of their epoxy-based composites were investigated. The results showed that the composites containing CB-SiO2 hybrid particles possessed a higher dielectric constant than the ones containing pristine CB. The dielectric constant of the composite with 20.0 vol% CB-SiO2 reached 52.68 (1 kHz), which was ca. 4 times greater than that of the one containing 20.0 vol% pristine CB. Meanwhile, the composites containing CB@TiO2 core-shell particles exhibited suppressed values of dielectric loss. The permittivity of the composite with 20.0 vol% CB@TiO2 reached 19.52 (1 kHz), while its dielectric loss remained low (0.047 at 1 kHz). These results indicated that the dielectric properties of epoxy composites could be enhanced with the introduction of modified fillers. © 2018 Kingfa SCI. & TECH. CO., LTD.

关键词： Carbon black

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Recent advances in tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy probe designs

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5555-5571页

作者： Da Xu Boqun Liang Yaodong Xu Ming Liu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California-RiversideRiversideCalifornia 92521USA Materials Science and Engineering program University of California-RiversideRiversideCalifornia 92521USA

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(TERS)imaging is a super-resolution imaging technique that features the merits of both surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)and scanning probe microscopy(SPM),such as the high chemical sensitivity from the former and the nanoscale spatial resolution from the *** advantages make TERS an essential nanospectroscopic characterization technique for chemical analysis,materials science,bio-sensing,*** probes,the most critical factor determining the TERS imaging quality,are expected to provide a highly confined electromagnetic hotspot with a minimized scattering background for the generation of Raman signals with high spatial *** two decades of development,numerous probe design concepts have been proposed and *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art TERS probe designs,from the working mechanism to the practical *** start with reviewing the recent development of TERS configurations and the corresponding working mechanisms,including the SPM platforms,optical excitation/collection techniques,and probe preparation *** then review the emerging novel TERS probe designs,including the remote-excitation probes,the waveguide-based nanofocusing probes,the metal-coated nanofocusing probes,the nanowire-assisted selective-coupling probes,and the tapered metal-insulator-metal *** discussion focuses on a few critical aspects,including the surface-plasmon-polariton(SPP)hotspot excitation technique,conversion efficiency,working frequency,and *** the end,we review the latest TERS applications and give a perspective on the future of TERS.

关键词： tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy plasmonics scanning probe microscopy nanoscale imaging nanophotonics nanofocusing

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Carbon dioxide, global boiling, and climate carnage, from generation to assimilation, photocatalytic conversion to renewable fuels, and mechanism

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science of the Total Environment 2025年 965卷 178629页

作者： Khan, Muhammad Sun, Xiaohui Zada, Amir Azizi, Shohreh Shah, Muhammad Ishaq Ali Khan, Javed Ali Ragab, Ahmed H. Taher, Mostafa A. Abbas, Qumber Han, Changseok College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Avenue Guangdong Province Shenzhen518060 China Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Mardan23200 Pakistan UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology College of Graduate Studies University of South Africa Muckleneuk Ridge PO Box 392 Pretoria0002 South Africa Chemistry Department Faculty of Science King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha61413 Saudi Arabia Biology Department Faculty of Science and Arts King Khalid University Mohail Assir 61321 Saudi Arabia Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering Silesian University of Technology Gliwice44-100 Poland Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering of INHA University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Engineering INHA University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

The increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has substantial impacts on the global temperature. For energy sustainability and minimization of the effects of global warming, an approach to understand CO2 capturing and a carbon neutral culture is extremely essential in the present circumstances. The CO2 emission from vehicles and industries can be minimized using energy cost-effective techniques and can be converted more selectively into reusable fuels via thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical, photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, biological and inorganic carbonate-based approaches. In this review article, we have discussed the effects of increased global temperature on human beings, economy and climate change. Further, we have discussed the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 (PC-CO2) into gaseous and liquid fuels under solar light driven photocatalysis. The adsorption and activation of CO2, its conversion into various intermediates, their stability and selectivity of the final products have been elaborated comprehensively. The conversion mechanisms of CO2 into CO, CH4, alcohol, aldehyde and carboxylic acid have been discussed in detail. The role of defects and exposed facets of photocatalysts, effect of metal and non-metal dopants, and the additive role of co-catalyst on the mechanisms and selectivity of the conversion products have been discussed comprehensively. Finally, future perspective is discussed to highlight the research gap in the PC-CO2. We hope that this article will help to understand the mechanisms of PC-CO2 and will direct researchers to add their role in the reduction of CO2 to control global warming and make life easier on earth in the coming years. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Kyoto Protocol

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Multi-level intelligence empowering lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 535-552,I0011页

作者： Guangxu Zhang Jiangong Zhu Haifeng Dai Xuezhe Wei School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China School of Automotive Studies Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

With the significant and widespread application of lithium-ion batteries,there is a growing demand for improved performances of lithium-ion *** intricate degradation throughout the whole lifecycle profoundly impacts the safety,durability,and reliability of lithium-ion *** ensure the long-term,safe,and efficient operation of lithium-ion batteries in various fields,there is a pressing need for enhanced battery intelligence that can withstand extreme *** work reviews the current status of intelligent battery technology from three perspectives:intelligent response,intelligent sensing,and intelligent *** intelligent response of battery materials forms the foundation for battery stability,the intelligent sensing of multi-dimensional signals is essential for battery management,and the intelligent management ensures the long-term stable operation of lithium-ion *** critical challenges encountered in the development of intelligent battery technology from each perspective are thoroughly analyzed,and potential solutions are proposed,aiming to facilitate the rapid development of intelligent battery technologies.

关键词： Battery intelligence Intelligent response Intelligent sensing Intelligent management

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Ozone pollution induced-yield loss of major staple crops in China and effects from COVID-19

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年 157卷 804-820页

作者： Haiyang Liu Siyuan Wang Guangsheng Chen Zhaozhong Feng Di Liu Wenxiu Zhang Shufen Pan Hanqin Tian State Key Laboratory For Ecological Security of Regions and Cities Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Department of Engineering and Environmental Studies Program Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA

Surface ozone (O 3 ) pollution showed a continuous increasing trend during the recent decades in China, posing an increasing threat to food security. A wide range of yield reductions have been reported and thus more studies are needed to narrow down the uncertainty resulting from spatiotemporal accuracy of O 3 metrics and extrapolation methods. Based on a high spatial resolution (0.1°) hourly surface O 3 data, here we analyzed the spatiotemporal O 3 pollution patterns and impacts on yield, production and economic losses for wheat, rice, and maize in China during 2005–2020. The accumulated O 3 exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) increased by 10 % during 2005–2019, and a decrease of 5.56 % was observed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 lockdowns. Rising O 3 pollution reduced national level wheat, rice and maize yields by 14.51 % ± 0.43 %, 11.10 % ± 0.6 %, and 3.99 % ± 0.11 %, respectively. A Business-As-Usual projection suggested that the relative yield loss (RYL) would potentially reach 8 %–18 % at the national scale by 2050 if no emission control is implemented. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 led to significantly reduced RYL for maize (0.52 %) and rice (2.17 %) but not for wheat (0.11 %), with the largest reduction (1.88 %–9.4 %) in North China Plain, highlighting the potential benefits of emission control. Our findings provided robust evidence that rising O 3 pollution has significantly affected China's crop yields, production and economic losses, underscoring the urgent need to curb O 3 pollution to safeguard food security, particularly in densely populated and industrialized regions.

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SI AND GAAS SIS HETEROSTRUCTURE SOLAR-CELLS USING SPRAY-DEPOSITED ITO

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JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 1980年第S1期19卷 551-556页

作者： SHARMA, PP ANTHONY, TC ASHOK, S FONASH, SJ TONGSON, LL Materials Research Laboratory the Pennsylvania State University Engineering Science Program Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA

A systematic study of semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor (SIS) solar cells has been undertaken on n-type Si and GaAs using spray-deposited indium-tin oxide (ITO) for the window layer of the heterostructure. The optical and electrical characteristics of the ITO layer as well as the thickness of the I-layer have been optimized to yield the following photovoltaic parameters on 1 Ω-cm n-Si: Voc=0.52 V, Jsc=31.5 mA/cm2 (adjusted for Ag grid area), FF=0.70 and effective area η=11.5%. The dark I-V and C-V characteristics have also been evaluated to identify the mechanisms of barrier formation and current flow.

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THE DAMPING PROPERTIES OF DEALLOYED POROUS COPPER AND ITS PMMA COMPOSITE

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JOURNAL OF materials RESEARCH 1994年第11期9卷 2884-2890页

作者： MIN, US LI, JCM [a1 ]Department of Mechanical Engineering Materials Science Program University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627-0133

Incramute Cu-Mn alloys were dealloyed to remove Mn by selective electrolytic separation. The porous dealloyed specimens were compressed at 0.17-14 GPa, resulting in densities of 55-88% of the density of pure copper. Some porous copper specimens before compression were soaked in a mixture of monomer (MMA) and the initiator (AIBN), compressed, and then polymerized by heating. Young's moduli of both the dealloyed porous copper and its PMMA composite were found to decrease exponentially with porosity and volume fraction of PMMA, respectively. The apparent activation energy for damping of Cu-PMMA composite near the glass transition temperature of PMMA was found to increase with decreasing volume fraction of PMMA.

关键词： Copper alloys

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TEM STUDY OF THE RECOVERY PROCESS OF CYCLICALLY DEFORMED MGO SINGLE-CRYSTALS

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JOURNAL OF materials science 1987年第4期22卷 1157-1162页

作者： MAJUMDAR, BS BURNS, SJ 1.Materials Science Program Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester 14627 Rochester New York USA

Single crystals of MgO were subjected to plastic strain-controlled push-pull cyclic deformation at elevated temperatures. Below 400° C the crystals were very brittle and failed with a few fatigue cycles. At 470° C a large number of cycles could be obtained before failure, and the cyclic stress-strain response showed a period of rapid hardening followed by a period of decreasing hardening rate. TEM investigations of the lower temperature samples show structures of isolated dislocation dipoles, multipoles and debris. At 470° C dense bundles of dislocations were observed aligned perpendicular to the Burgers vector direction. The regions between the bundles were relatively dislocation free, but they contained a high density of debris. Bowed out screw dislocations are observed between the edge dislocation bundles, suggesting that screw dislocations were largely mobile. Comparisons are made with the cyclic deformation and structure of fcc metals and other NaCl structure single crystals.

关键词： edge dislocations rapid hardening single crystals RECOVERY PROCESS magnesium oxide screw dislocations FCC metals Debris Transmission electron microscopy Bundles dislocations Burgers vector Dead herbage geophysical surveys Joint Dislocations

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Al2O3/Al particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite by displacement reaction

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JOURNAL OF materials RESEARCH 1996年第6期11卷 1562-1569页

作者： Hanabe, MR Aswath, PB Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Texas at Arlington Texas 76019 P.O. Box 19031 USA

The development of a novel Al matrix composite is described based on a simple displacement reaction when II SiO2 particulate preform is brought into contact with liquid AZ at: temperatures between 1273 and 1373 K. This interaction leads to the wetting of the SiO2 particles by Al and its eventual transformation to a composite with Al2O3/AI particles in an Al matrix. Infiltration of the preform as induced by this reaction takes place with the simultaneous formation of the Al2O3/Al particles in situ. Synthesis of engineered multiphase composites, wherein reinforcements of other materials incorporated into the preform and reacted with liquid Al, is also presented.

关键词： materials science general Biomaterials Nanotechnology Inorganic Chemistry materials engineering Applied and Technical Physics

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Dendritic platinum-copper bimetallic nanoassemblies with tunable composition and structure： Arginine-driven self-assembly and enhanced electrocatalytic activity

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 755-765页

作者： Gengtao Fu Huimin Liu Nika You Jiayan Wu Dongmei Sun Lin Xu Yawen Tang Yu Chen Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School ot Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas atAustin Austin Texas 78712 USA

Novel self-assembled architectures have received a growing amount of attention and have significant potential for application in catalysis/electrocatalysis. Herein, we take advantage of the unique coordination and self-assembly properties of arginine for the preparation of dendritic PtCu bimetallic nanoassemblies with tunable chemical composition and structure. Strong interactions between the arginine molecules are key in driving the self-assembly of primary nanocrystals. In addition, the strong coordination interactions between arginine and metal ions is responsible for the formation of Pt-Cu alloys. We also investigated the electrocatalytic activity of various dendritic PtCu bimetallic nanoassemblies towards the methanol oxidation reaction. PtBCUl nanoassemblies exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability in comparison with other PtCu bimetallic nanoassemblies （PtlCu3, PtlCu~） and commercial Pt black, due to their unique dendritic structures and the synergistic effect between the Pt and Cu atoms.

关键词： platinum-copper nanoassemblies arginine molecules electrocatalysis methanol oxidation

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