We propose a theory based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics to describe the mechanical behavior of an active polymer gel created by the inclusion of molecular motors in its solvent. When activated, these motors attach...
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We present measurements of the low temperature thermal conductivity for materials useful in the construction of cryogenic supports for scientific instrumentation and in the fabrication of flat flexible cryogenic cabli...
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The ability to control magnetism in sub-picosecond timescales using laser pulses has potential applications in fast magnetic devices. It has been demonstrated that a single femto-second laser pulse can reverse the mag...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538632918
The ability to control magnetism in sub-picosecond timescales using laser pulses has potential applications in fast magnetic devices. It has been demonstrated that a single femto-second laser pulse can reverse the magnetization of a film within a few picoseconds [1], a phenomenon called as all-optical switching (AOS). However, this phenomenon thus far has been observed only in ferrimagnetic GdFeCo films. On the other hand, ferromagnetic films, which are of greater interest than ferrimagnets in many technological applications, need multiple laser pulses for magnetization reversal [2], making the overall effect slow and energy inefficient. Fast, single-shot switching of a ferromagnet can open up new avenues for spintronic devices that operate at unprecedented picosecond timescales, thereby making them viable non-volatile replacements for silicon based RAMs and logic devices.
Survival rate (SR) and growth rate (GR) were tested with various feed sources to identify an appropriate feed to improve the productivity in the early life stage of the rock worm Marphysa sanguinea (Montagu, 1813) (Eu...
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We present a theory for Casimir-Polder forces acting on greenhouse gas molecules dissolved in a thin water film. Such a nanosized film has recently been predicted to arise on th surface of melting ice as stabilized by...
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Unlike carbonyl compounds, it has long been common understanding that excited imines show virtually no photoreactivity, and hence their properties and potential utility in chemical science remain largely unexplored. N...
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Unlike carbonyl compounds, it has long been common understanding that excited imines show virtually no photoreactivity, and hence their properties and potential utility in chemical science remain largely unexplored. Now, a strategy is presented for eliciting latent photoreactivity of imines based on the introduction of a donor–acceptor (D‐A) structure to extend the lifetime of their photoexcited states. A series of spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory calculations reveal unique photophysical properties of the D‐A‐type imines. Furthermore, the reactivity of the D‐A‐type imines is demonstrated by using them as a photoredox catalyst for atom‐transfer radical addition. These findings illuminate a previously neglected chemical space in the field of photochemistry, which will be exploited by taking advantage of the inherent structural modularity of imines.
In this work, zinc aluminate spinel was prepared by two methods of directly synthesis (without calcination): microwave assisted combustion and hydrothermal method. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction...
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Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Glo...
Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined;these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs;defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims;type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative r
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