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Research Square 2024年

作者： Lian, Bin Li, Huaizhi Guo, Jianhe Fan, Donglei Emma Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Chandra Family Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

It is intrinsically difficult to detect low-concentration biomolecules with both ultra-sensitivity and high speed for early-stage disease diagnosis. The challenge originates from the small size of nanosensors, which enables ultra-sensitivity biosensing, while also substantially increases the detection time of dilute molecules. in this work, we report an original optoelectric sensing scheme, along with an innovative device design and a strategic fabrication approach to overcome such a challenge in biosensing. The proposed scheme exploits the profound optoelectric effect of semiconductor silicon nanowires, which can readily enrich trace-amounts of biomolecules at the point of laser and simultaneously detect Raman signals of focused molecules. The device design includes large arrays of silicon nanorods with electrodes integrated at their roots, and surface-distributed dense plasmonic silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection. Operating at only -0.8 V in an electrochemical cell, these optoelectric nanosensors readily achieve a 150-fold signal enhancement, improving the detection limit of probing molecules, adenine, by five orders of magnitude, to 0.6 fM. The enhancement effect is robust, observed across concentrations from 1 μM to 1 fM. The working mechanism is general, not only for detecting small molecules, such as adenine, but also for large charged molecules, such as Vertebrate DNA. The underlying novel mechanism is unraveled by multiscale numerical simulations and calculations. This research, addressing an arduous bottleneck issues in nanobiosensing, is expected to inspire a new class of biochemical sensors, important for the practical detection of trace-amount biochemicals in solution, important for clinic relevant early-stage disease diagnostics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Nanorods

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Reviving the Absorbent Chemistry of Electrochemically Mediated Amine Regeneration for Improved Point Source Carbon Capture

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Hassan, Ahmad Refaie, Abdelrahman Aleta, Prince Afshari, Mohsen Kalantari, Elmira Fang, Yuanyuan Rahimi, Mohammad Mim Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States

Electrochemically mediated amine regeneration (EMAR) is emerging as a promising electrochemical approach for carbon capture from point sources. In this study, for the first time, the absorbent chemistry of the EMAR process was revived by considering criteria beyond metal-amine complexation. The systematic investigation focused on using secondary amines, which were previously overlooked in EMAR due to limited metal-amine interaction, despite their proven effectiveness in conventional carbon capture processes. The integration of secondary amines— monoethanolamine (MEA), aminomethyl propanol (AMP), and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA)—with the benchmark ethylenediamine (EDA) was thoroughly studied, evaluating their impact on absorption and desorption kinetics and capacities, and electrochemical performance. Among the blends, EDA+MDEA emerged as the top performer, particularly excelling in electrochemical aspects. The charge transfer resistance (RCT) of the deposition reaction, as the rate-limiting step, for the EDA+MDEA blend was reduced by 40% compared to pure EDA, and the heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (k0) improved threefold. In the bench-scale assessments, the EDA+MDEA blend showed a notable decrease in desorption energetics to 37 kJ/molCO2, marking a 34% reduction compared to the 56 kJ/molCO2 required for pure EDA. This marks the lowest reported energetics for an EMAR process targeting point source carbon capture. This research paves the way for future systematic investigations of a wider range of amine blends for EMAR and eventually the process implementation at larger scales. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Amines

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Machine learning of microstructure–property relationships in materials with robust features from foundational vision transformers

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Whitman, Sheila E. Latypov, Marat I. Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Applied Mathematics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States

Machine learning of microstructure–property relationships from data is an emerging approach in computational materials science. Most existing machine learning efforts focus on the development of task-specific models for each microstructure–property relationship. We propose utilizing pre-trained foundational vision transformers for the extraction of task-agnostic microstructure features and subsequent light-weight machine learning of a microstructure-dependent property. We demonstrate our approach with pre-trained state-of-the-art vision transformers (CLIP, DINOV2, SAM) in two case studies on machine-learning: (i) elastic modulus of two-phase microstructures based on simulations data;and (ii) Vicker’s hardness of Ni-base and Co-base superalloys based on experimental data published in literature. Our results show the potential of foundational vision transformers for robust microstructure representation and efficient machine learning of microstructure–property relationships without the need for expensive task-specific training or fine-tuning of bespoke deep learning models. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Elastic moduli

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An Outlook on the Utilization of Perovskite Films in Photocatalytic and Optoelectronic Devices

An Outlook on the Utilization of Perovskite Films in Photoca...

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Advances in science and engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)

作者： Adnan Alashkar Mohamad Ali Ayoub Abdul Hai Al-Alami Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem Abdul Ghani Olabi Ayman Mdallal Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirate Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirate

The search for novel multi-functional material has been on the rise for the past decades. These materials ought to possess flexible structures and tunable properties in order to be utilized for a variety of applications. Perovskite materials are predominantly used in solar cell applications due to their broad absorption spectrum, long carrier lifetime, and long transport distance of electrons and holes. Nevertheless, their unique and tunable properties allow for their utilization in a wide range of applications. In this work, a review on the application of perovskite materials in hydrogen production, supercapacitors, and optoelectronic devices is presented. The role of perovskite in the improvement of said applications is investigated, and future outlook and remarks are presented. This paper highlights the potential utilization of perovskite material outside the scope of photoelectric devices and solar cells.

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通过镧掺杂调控提升电子缺陷型Co3O4的硝酸盐电还原制氨效率(英文)

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science China materials 2024年

作者：何勋谢婷董凯南爵孙航姚永超范晓娅郑冬冬罗永嵩孙圣钧刘倩李露明储伟谢丽思孔清泉孙旭平 Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Shandong Normal University Department of Science and Environmental Studies Faculty of Liberal Arts and Social Science The Education University of Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study Chengdu University

电催化还原硝酸盐(NO3-)能有效转化NO3-为氨(NH3),实现废水中NO3-污染物的去除和NH3的生产.在本研究中,我们采用稀土元素镧掺杂的Co3O4纳米线阵列生长在碳布上(La-Co3O4/CC)作为高效的电催化剂,实现了NO3-向NH3的转化.La-Co3O4/CC展示...

电催化还原硝酸盐(NO3-)能有效转化NO3-为氨(NH3),实现废水中NO3-污染物的去除和NH3的生产.在本研究中,我们采用稀土元素镧掺杂的Co3O4纳米线阵列生长在碳布上(La-Co3O4/CC)作为高效的电催化剂,实现了NO3-向NH3的转化.La-Co3O4/CC展示了高的NH3法拉第效率(96.36%)和NH3产率(537.44μmol h-1cm-2),明显优于Co3O4(87.78%,279.4μmol h-1cm-2).理论计算表明,La掺杂促进了NO3-的吸附并优化了氢化过程,从而提高了Co3O4在NO3-转换和NH3选择性方面的电还原活性.此外,以La-Co3O4/CC组装的Zn-NO3-电池实现了9.86 mW cm-2的峰值功率密度.本项工作推动了基于Co3O4的电极在电催化领域的应用,并突显了稀土元素掺杂在NO3-还原反应中的有效性.

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Alternative photothermal/electrothermal hierarchical membrane for hypersaline water treatment

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SusMat 2022年第6期2卷 679-688页

作者： Miao Wang Wen He Yuhui Hua Xinwen Xie Shiyan Chen Lei Zhou Yunmao Zhang Yaqi Hou Shihong Lin Haiping Xia Jing Zheng Xu Hou State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenChina College of Materials Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials ResearchJiujiang Research InstituteCollege of Physical Science and TechnologyXiamen UniversityXiamenChina Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials(iChEM) Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA Interdisciplinary Material Science Program Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenChina

Over the last decades,the treatment of the large quantities of hypersaline wastewater generated by conventional industries,inland desalination,and fossil-fueled power plants has been an important economic issue and also an inescapable green ***,we developed a versatile interfacial heating membrane with alternating utilization of electricity or solar energy for hypersaline water *** hierarchical membrane functions both as a separation membrane and an interface heater,which can quickly(<0.1 s)convert electricity or solar energy into heat to evaporate the outermost layer of hypersaline *** 10wt% hyper-saline water,the freshwater production rate can reach 16.8kg/m^(2)⋅h by applying a voltage of 10 V and 1.36 kg/m^(2)⋅h under 1-sun ***,it exhibits high electrochemical resistance to corrosion and therefore remains stable tack-ling hypersaline water(>5 wt%),with a high salt rejection rate of 99.99%.This system shows an efficient desalination strategy that can provide fresh water from brines for agriculture and industry,and even for daily life.

关键词： carbon nanotubes electrothermal hypersaline water treatment interface evaporate pho-tothermal

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Effects of nanopores and sulfur doping on hierarchically bunched carbon fibers to protect lithium metal anode

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Carbon Energy 2021年第5期3卷 784-794页

作者： Ji In Jung Sunwoo Park Son Ha Se Youn Cho Hyoung-Joon Jin Young Soo Yun Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha UniversityIncheonSouth Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Carbon Composite Materials Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyWanju-gunJeollabuk-doSouth Korea Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Inha UniversityIncheonSouth Korea Department of Integrative Energy Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

studies on three-dimensional structured carbon templates have focused on how to guide homogeneous lithium metal nucleation and growth for lithium metal anodes(LMAs).However,there is still insufficient evidence for a key factor to achieve their high electrochemical ***,the effects of nanopores and sulfur doping on carbon-based nanoporous host(CNH)electrode materials for LMAs were investigated using natural polymer-derived *** pore-filling behaviors of lithium metal in the nanopores of the CNH electrode materials were first observed by ex situ scanning electron microscopy analysis,where the protective lithium metal nucleation and growth process led to significantly high Coulombic efficiency(CE)of~99.4%and stable 600 *** addition,a comparison study of CNH and sulfurdoped CNH(S-CNH)electrodes,which differ only in the presence or absence of sulfur,revealed that sulfur doping can cause lower electrochemical series resistance,higher CE value,and better cycling stability in a wide range of current densities and number of ***,S-CNH-based LMAs showed high electrochemical performance in full-cell Li-S battery tests using a sulfur copolymer cathode,where a high energy density of 1370Wh kgelectrode−1 and an excellent power density of 4120Wkgelectrode−1 were obtained.

关键词： carbon template Li-S batteries lithium metal anode lithium metal batteries nanoporous carbon sulfur doping

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Paramagnon heat capacity and anomalous thermopower in anisotropic magnetic systems: Understanding interlayer spin correlations in a magnetically disordered phase

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Physical Review B 2024年第5期109卷 054418-054418页

作者： Fatemeh Heydarinasab Morteza Jazandari Md Mobarak Hossain Polash Jahanfar Abouie Daryoosh Vashaee Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Sistan and Baluchestan Zahedan 98167-45845 Iran Department of Physics Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27606 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27606 USA

The interplay between entropy transport and charge carriers–paramagnon interaction in the Onsager linear system has been a subject of debate due to the limited theoretical and experimental understanding of paramagnon heat capacity. In this study, we investigate this interplay in an anisotropic layered magnetic system using cluster mean-field theory with spin quantum correlations. By examining spin correlation functions between different spins with various types of clustering, we derive the spin correlation function as a function of distance and temperature for the interlayer clusters both below and above the magnetic order phase transition. Our analysis reveals that paramagnons characterized by pronounced spin correlations among interlayer nearest-neighbor spins exhibit a nonzero heat capacity, providing valuable insights into the dynamics of entropy transport. The findings align with experimental observations, lending strong support to the validity of the paramagnon-drag thermopower concept. This study sheds light on the intricate dynamics and thermodynamic properties of paramagnons, advancing our understanding of entropy transport in complex systems.

关键词： Entropy Specific heat Spin dynamics Thermoelectric effects

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First-principles investigation of elastic, vibrational, and thermodynamic properties of kagome metals CsM3Te5 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf)

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Physical Review materials 2024年第12期8卷 126201-126201页

作者： Yifan Wei Arjyama Bordoloi Chaon-En (Aaron) Chuang Sobhit Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA Materials Science Program University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA Center for Coherence and Quantum Optics University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 USA

Kagome metals are a unique class of quantum materials characterized by their distinct atomic lattice arrangement, featuring interlocking triangles and expansive hexagonal voids. These lattice structures impart exotic properties, including superconductivity, interaction-driven topological many-body phenomena, and magnetism, among others. The kagome metal CsM3Te5 (where M = Ti, Zr, or Hf) exhibits both superconductivity and nontrivial topological electronic properties, offering a promising platform for exploring topological superconductivity. This study employs first-principles density functional theory calculations to systematically analyze the elastic, mechanical, vibrational, thermodynamic, and electronic properties of CsM3Te5 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf). Our calculations reveal that the studied compounds—CsTi3Te5, CsZr3Te5, and CsHf3Te5—are ductile metals with elastic properties akin to the hexagonal Bi and Sb, with average elastic constants, including a bulk modulus of 27 GPa, a shear modulus of 11 GPa, and Young's modulus of 29 GPa. We observe peculiar dispersionless, flat, phonon branches in the vibrational spectra of these metals. Additionally, we thoroughly analyze the symmetries of the zone-center phonon eigenvectors and predict vibrational fingerprints of the Raman- and infrared-active phonon modes. The analysis of thermodynamic properties reveals the Einstein temperature for CsTi3Te5, CsZr3Te5, and CsHf3Te5 to be 66, 54, and 53 K, respectively. Our orbital-decomposed electronic structure calculations reveal significant in-plane steric interactions and multiple Dirac band crossings near the Fermi level. We further investigate the role of spin-orbit coupling effect on the studied properties. This theoretical investigation sheds light on the intriguing quantum behavior of kagome metals.

关键词： Spin orbit coupling

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Natural features, wettability, and optical diffraction patterns on an elastomeric replica of a superhydrophobic leaf derived via soft lithography

Natural features, wettability, and optical diffraction patte...

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Optical Manipulation and Structured materials Conference 2023

作者： Budlayan, Marco Laurence M. Palangyos, Dina C. Patricio, Jonathan N. Arco, Susan D. Guerrero, Raphael A. Department of Physics Ateneo de Manila University Loyola Heights Quezon City1108 Philippines Mathematics and Natural Sciences Department College of Computing Pangasinan State University Pangasinan Urdaneta Philippines Materials Science and Engineering Program College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory Institute of Chemistry College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines

ISBN: (纸本)9781510663398

Surface features of natural materials such as cuticles, shells, and leaves continue to be used as models for creating sophisticated infrastructure, landscape, and microdevice designs. Optical microscopy is the easiest and most accessible tool for examining such surface features and micropatterns. This method, however, fails to probe opaque surfaces like thick skin and leaves since it needs enough light to penetrate the sample. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of probing the natural structures of a superhydrophobic leaf using simple optical microscopy by replicating the leaf surface on an elastomer via soft lithography. Optical images of the replica revealed intricate details of features present on the leaf, including the stoma, cuticle boundary, and trichome. Contact angle measurements were also conducted to investigate the wettability of the real leaves and their replicas. Finally, we utilized the fabricated replicas as optical gratings that were observed to generate various diffraction patterns with fluctuating intensities. Our work offers a new perspective on alternative optical microscopy strategies and optical beam tuning using biomimetic, low-cost materials. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Contact angle

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