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Measurement of ionization produced by 254 eVnr nuclear recoils in germanium

Physical Review D 2024年第8期110卷 083043页

作者： A. R. L. Kavner I. Jovanovic Applied Physics Program Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences

Ionization produced by low-energy nuclear recoils is among the primary direct signatures of dark matter interactions. Despite the urgency of dark matter detection and the recent measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, detector response to nuclear recoils is not well characterized in the keVnr and sub−keVnr regime across a variety of materials. We have reperformed a measurement of the ionization produced by monoenergetic 254 eVnr nuclear recoils in Ge with improved digital electronics and additional systematic studies. Our results indicate an ionization yield of 64±8 eVee corresponding to a quenching factor of 25%±3%, greater than the 14% predicted by the Lindhard model. This ionization enhancement could greatly improve the sensitivity of high-purity Ge detectors in dark matter detection and measurement of neutrinos via coherent scattering.

关键词： Dark matter Dark matter direct detection Energy levels Neutron physics nuclear astrophysics Particle dark matter

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Multi-criteria decision making for nuclear power plant selection using fuzzy AHP:Evidence from Indonesia

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 99-111页

作者： Ade Gafar Abdullah Mohammad Ali Shafii Syeilendra Pramuditya Topan Setiadipura Kurnia Anzhar Electrical Engineering Study Program Universitas Pendidikan IndonesiaBandungIndonesia Physics Department Andalas UniversityPadangIndonesia Nuclear Science and Engineering Study Program Bandung Institute of TechnologyIndonesia Research Center for Nuclear Reactor Technology National Research and Innovation AgencyIndonesia Pusat Unggulan Ipteks Perguruan Tinggi Technical and Vocational Education and Training Research Center(TVET RC)Universitas Pendidikan IndonesiaIndonesia

In terms of planning aspect,nuclear power plant(NPP)development needs analyses,consideration,and right decision making due to multi criteria *** study prioritizes the best site development of Indonesian NPPs in terms of 21 social,economic,and technical perspectives which comprise transmission network,oper-ating cost,economic impact,geology,geotechnic,seismology,population density,environment,cooling water,meteorology,hydrology,proximity to hazardous facilities,topography,land use,proximity to wetland,evacu-ation route,security,transportation network,legal consideration,impact of tourism,land ownership,historical places,and public acceptance,all identified to be considerations for the best *** Fuzzy algorithms(Chang’s Extent Analysis and Buckley’s Fuzzy AHP)were used to determine the criteria priorities as well as NPP site feasibility of two locations in *** results found that geology,geotechnic,and seismology(SA1);security(SO1),population density(SA2),environment(SA3),and cooling water(SA4)had the highest priorities among the 21 *** on the 5 top priority criteria,West Kalimantan and East Kalimantan provinces serve as the best candidates for the NPP *** an innovative and novel multi criteria Fuzzy AHP–based decision making(MCDM)approach has been proven to become a useful reference to select NPP sites in Indonesia.

关键词： Analytical hierarchy process Fuzzy AHP Multi-criteria decision making nuclear power plant

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Investigation of He retention in W through combined He characterization methods and cluster dynamics model

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 201-213页

作者： Jie Qiu Xun-Xiang Hu Cong-Yi Li Wendy Garcia Tan Shi Sha Xue Jamie L.Weaver HHeather Chen-Mayer Brian D.Wirth SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Nuclear Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA School of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37830USA Global Institute of Future Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Nuclear Engineering Program The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Material Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA

Tungsten(W)is the leading plasma-facing candidate material for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor and next-generation fusion *** impact of synergistic helium(He),irradiation-induced microstructural changes,and the corresponding thermal-mechanical property degradation of W are critically important but are not well understood *** the performance of W in fusion environments requires understanding the fundamentals of He-defect interactions and the resultant He bubble nucleation and growth in *** this study,He retention in helium-ion-implanted W was assessed using neutron depth profiling(NDP),laser ablation mass spectrometry(LAMS),and thermal desorption spectroscopy(TDS)following 10 keV room-temperature He implantation at various *** three experimental techniques enabled the determination of the He depth profile and retention in He-implanted W.A cluster dynamics model based on the diffusion-reaction rate theory was applied to interpret the experimental *** model successfully predicted the He spatial depth-dependent profile in He-implanted W,which was in good agreement with the LAMS *** model also successfully captured the major features of the He desorption spectra observed in the THDS *** NDP quantified total He concentration values for the samples;they were similar to those estimated by ***,the depth profiles from NDP and LAMS were not comparable due to several *** combination of modeling and experimentation enabled the identification of possible trapping sites for He in W and the evolution of He-defect clusters during the TDS thermal annealing process.

关键词： Tokamak nuclear reactor Nondestructive detection

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Neutronic and Proliferation Resistance Analysis of Small Modular Pressurized Water Reactor with Various Fuel Types using SRAC 2006 10

Neutronic and Proliferation Resistance Analysis of Small Mod...

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10th Asian physics Symposium 2023, APS 2023

作者： Amatullah, Amila Permana, Sidik Pramuditya, Syeilendra Master Program in Nuclear Science and Engineering Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Bandung Institute of Technology Ganesha No. 10 Bandung Indonesia Graduate Program in Nuclear Science and Engineering Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Bandung Institute of Technology Ganesha No. 10 Bandung Indonesia Graduate Program in Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Bandung Institute of Technology Ganesha No. 10 Bandung Indonesia

One strategy for emission reduction in Indonesia is the dedieselization program, replacing diesel power plants with renewables. Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) type Small Modular Reactor (SMR) is also a consideration. This study aims to compare fuel performance in SMRs. Four fuel types with varying fissile and fertile nuclides but equal fissile mass percentages were assessed: U235- U238, U235-Th232, U233-U238, and U233-Th232, using PIJ SRAC 2006 and JENDL 4.0. Parameters include neutron multiplication factor, conversion ratio, and isotope production. Results indicated that U233-U238 has a highest initial neutron multiplication factor, 1.55. Substituting uranium-238 with thorium-232 boosts neutron flux and conversion, reducing nuclear proliferation risk. While initial neutron multiplication may not be highest, thorium-232 can produce uranium-233 with high initial neutron multiplication factor. This research aids fuel selection for Indonesia SMR dedieselization program. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Thorium

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Analysis of Regenerative Braking Energy Utilization in KfW i9000 Electric Trains on the Palur-Yogyakarta Operation 7

Analysis of Regenerative Braking Energy Utilization in KfW i...

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7th Astechnova International Energy Conference, ASTECHNOVA 2023

作者： Darmawan, Arief Budiarto, Rachmawan Irnawan, Roni Master Program System Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Teknika utara no 3 Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Grafika 2 Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Grafika 2 Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia

This study explores the potential assessment. of regenerative braking energy in the operation of Electric Multiple Units (EMU) on the Yogyakarta-Palur railway line, a 65.03 km. Prompted by a noticeable increase in passenger numbers in the Yogyakarta metropolitan buffer zone, the study calls for future energy management strategies, involving regenerative braking to reduce energy consumption. Utilizing a mathematical model implemented via MATLAB Simulink, the research encompasses complex train movement scenarios, considering variables such as acceleration values of 0.558 m/s2 and 1 m/s2, and deceleration values of -0.555 m/s2 and 0.36 m/s2. Speed limitations, travel patterns, and energy profiles are rigorously examined, along with incline influences, such as tangent angles of 0.0032 degrees and 0.0017 degrees. In segments like Purwosari-Solo Jebres, electrical energy consumption is quantified at 23.02 kWh, with regenerative braking energy at 1.42 kWh;in Maguwo-Brambanan, consumption is 15.28 kWh, with regenerative energy at 2.42 kWh. The peak power requirements and regenerative braking potentials were also determined, with values such as 619.9 kW and 225.7 kW, and 1785 kW and 198.2 kW respectively. The total electrical consumption for the routes from Palur to Yogyakarta and vice versa was found to be 325.52 kWh and 276.73 kWh, with energy recovery of 31.43 kWh and 26.6 kWh, and average energy recovery ratios of 9.66% and 9.61%. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Railroads

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Energy Dynamics Powered by Traction and Stress Control Formation and Motion of +1/2 Topological Defects in Epithelial Cell Monolayers

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Bera, Pradip K. McCord, Molly Zhang, Jun Notbohm, Jacob Department of Mechanical Engineering Biophysics Program Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin–Madison MadisonWI53706 United States

In confluent cell monolayers, patterns of cell forces and motion are systematically altered near topological defects in cell shape. In turn, defects have been proposed to alter cell density, extrusion, and invasion, but it remains unclear how the defects form and how they affect cell forces and motion. Here, we studied +1/2 defects, and, in contrast to prior studies, we observed both tail-to-head and head-to-tail defect motion occurring at the same time in the same cell monolayer. We quantified the cell velocities, the tractions at the cell-substrate interface, and stresses within the cell layer near +1/2 defects. Results revealed that both traction and stress are sources of activity within the epithelial cell monolayer, with their competition defining whether the cells inject or dissipate energy and determining the direction of motion of +1/2 defects. Interestingly, patterns of motion, traction, stress, and energy injection near +1/2 defects existed before defect formation, suggesting that defects form as a result of spatially coordinated patterns in cell forces and motion. These findings reverse the current picture, from one in which defects define the cell forces and motion to one in which coordinated patterns of cell forces and motion cause defects to form and move. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Monolayers

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Experiments at the JSI TRIGA Research Reactor for Validation of nuclear Fuel Depletion Calculations

Experiments at the JSI TRIGA Research Reactor for Validation...

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2024 International Conference on physics of Reactors, PHYSOR 2024

作者： Anže, Pungerčič Vladimir, Radulović Alireza, Haghighat Luka, Snoj Reactor Physics Department "Jožef Stefan" Institute Jamova cesta 39 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Jadranska ul. 19 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Nuclear Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering Dept. Virginia Tech 900 N. Glebe Road United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487972

Importance of experimental methods at research reactors for validation of depletion calculation is discussed. The validation of fuel burnup and nuclide inventory, calculated with stochastic Serpent-2 and hybrid RAPID code system, is performed at JSI TRIGA research reactor. Three different experimental method for indirect burnup determination are presented. The experiments are simulated using Serpent-2 and RAPID depletion codes. First experiment is the fuel rod reactivity worth experiment, in which seven differently burned rods were inserted in the reactor and change in core reactivity was measured. Each insertion was simulated with both codes and great agreement (within 1σ) is observed for both codes. Core's excess reactivity reduction due to burnup was analyzed on three mixed TRIGA cores. Burnup reactivity coefficient was studied with both codes and accurate predictions of reactivity change were obtained. Finally, depleted nuclide inventory is used to simulate dosimetry experiment. Axial profile of 197Au(n, γ)198Au reaction rates was studied using MCNP, where fresh fuel model was compared to the burned fuel model. Fuel burnup was obtained from Serpent-2 and RAPID. The results indicate a 6 % better agreement when Serpent-2 and RAPID's burnup is used. All three experiments indicate a method on how research reactor can be used to in-directly determine and validate nuclear fuel burnup without the use of destructive methods. © 2024 AMERICAN nuclear SOCIETY. All rights reserved.

关键词： Research reactors

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Performance Analysis of Radiation Detection Devices in Elevated Natural Radiation Zones: A Case Study of Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Indonesia

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Journal of engineering and Technological Sciences 2025年第1期57卷 105-117页

作者： Abdullah, Adi Rahmansyah Amir Permana, Sidik Srigutomo, Wahyu Maulana, Alan Seno, Haryo Purnama, Dikdik Sidik Rasito Humolungo, Ismail Zulfahmi Doctoral Program in Nuclear Engineering Department Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Physics Department Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Indonesia’s National Research and Inovation Agency Jalan Tamansari No. 71 Bandung40132 Indonesia

Three radiation detection tools were employed to assess natural radiation levels in Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. These tools comprised the NaI(Tl) Scintillator, the Geiger Muller Counter (GMC), and the Electronic Personal Dosimeter (EPD). The NaI(Tl) Scintillator and GMC measured ambient dose equivalent (H*(10)), while the EPD exclusively gauged personal dose equivalent (Hp(10)). A total of 75 measuring points were designated for assessment. Results from H*(10) measurements indicated that the GMC recorded an average H*(10) 41% higher than that of the NaI(Tl) Scintillator, with specific rates of 0.769 µSv/h and 0.457 µSv/h, respectively. Both instruments exhibited proficiency in detecting elevated levels of radiation. Discrepancies in the outcomes were attributed to differences in detector type and efficiency. The GMC, equipped with an energy-compensated detector, demonstrated enhanced efficiency compared to the NaI(Tl) Scintillator, particularly when subjected to high energy flux radiation. Anomalies emerged in the Hp(10) measurements, which surpassed the H*(10) measurements. This difference is due to the EPD's use of a conventional GM detector, which is capable of detecting gamma, beta, and X-ray radiation. © 2025 Published by IRCS-ITB.

关键词： Scintillation counters

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Testing and Evaluation of Field-programmable Gate Arrays for Applications in High Radiation Environment

Testing and Evaluation of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays for...

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2024 Annual Conference on Transactions of the American nuclear Society, ANS 2024

作者： Keller, Marlin Cao, Lei Raymond Kandlakunta, Praneeth Department of Physics The Ohio State University 191 W. Woodruff Ave ColumbusOH43210 United States Nuclear Reactor Laboratory College of Engineering The Ohio State University 1298 Kinnear Rd ColumbusOH43212 United States Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State University 201 W. 19th Ave ColumbusOH43210 United States

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Transport and magnetic properties of Hund's metal CaRuO3 under strain modulation

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Physical Review B 2024年第4期110卷 L041403-L041403页

作者： Zhen Wang Arjyama Bordoloi Zhaoqing Ding Enling Wang Xiaofeng Wu Zeguo Lin Mingyu Yang Chenxu Liu Jinglin Zhou Meng Meng Fang Yang Qinghua Zhang Xiaoran Liu Sobhit Singh Huan-hua Wang Jiandong Guo Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and School of Nuclear Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Physical Sciences Materials Science Program

We synthesized CaRuO3 (001) thin films on a set of substrates and investigated their electronic and magnetic properties via combining magnetotransport measurements with first-principles density-functional theory calculations. The experimental results indicate that a moderate strain can introduce the Kondo effect in the system, leading to a significant modulation of the non-Fermi liquid behavior. Moreover, when the strain reaches a certain threshold, the system undergoes a metal-semiconductor transition, accompanied by a transition from a nonmagnetic state to a plausible G-type antiferromagnetic state. We attribute the observed phenomena in CaRuO3 to strain-induced disruption of the delicate balance between the itinerant and the local Ru 4d electrons. These findings shed light on the intriguing magnetic and non-Fermi liquid behavior of CaRuO3, systematically tailored by heteroepitaxial strain.

关键词： Density of states Kondo effect Transport phenomena Ruthenates Ultrathin films Density functional calculations Physical deposition Resistivity measurements Strain engineering X-ray diffraction X-ray reflectivity

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