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The microbiome diversifies long- to short-chain fatty acid-derived N-acyl lipids

Cell 2025年

作者： Mannochio-Russo, Helena Charron-Lamoureux, Vincent van Faassen, Martijn Lamichhane, Santosh Gonçalves Nunes, Wilhan D. Deleray, Victoria Ayala, Adriana V. Tanaka, Yuichiro Patan, Abubaker Vittali, Kyle Rajkumar, Prajit El Abiead, Yasin Zhao, Haoqi Nina Gomes, Paulo Wender Portal Mohanty, Ipsita Lee, Carlynda Sund, Aidan Sharma, Meera Liu, Yuanhao Pattynama, David Walker, Gregory T. Norton, Grant J. Khatib, Lora Andalibi, Mohammadsobhan S. Wang, Crystal X. Ellis, Ronald J. Moore, David J. Iudicello, Jennifer E. Franklin, Donald Letendre, Scott Chin, Loryn Walker, Corinn Renwick, Simone Zemlin, Jasmine Meehan, Michael J. Song, Xinyang Kasper, Dennis Burcham, Zachary Kim, Jane J. Kadakia, Sejal Raffatellu, Manuela Bode, Lars Chu, Hiutung Zengler, Karsten Wang, Mingxun Siegel, Dionicio Knight, Rob Dorrestein, Pieter C. Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen 9713 GZ Netherlands Institute of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine University of Turku & Turku Bioscience Center University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University Turku 20520 Finland Department of Pathology University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Neurosciences Graduate Program University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Neurosciences University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Center for Microbiome Innovation University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (MOMI CORE) and the Human Milk Institute (HMI) University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Immunology Harvard Medical School Boston 02115 MA United States Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China Department of Microbiology University of Tennessee

N-Acyl lipids are important mediators of several biological processes including immune function and stress response. To enhance the detection of N-acyl lipids with untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, we created a reference spectral library retrieving N-acyl lipid patterns from 2,700 public datasets, identifying 851 N-acyl lipids that were detected 356,542 times. 777 are not documented in lipid structural databases, with 18% of these derived from short-chain fatty acids and found in the digestive tract and other organs. Their levels varied with diet and microbial colonization and in people living with diabetes. We used the library to link microbial N-acyl lipids, including histamine and polyamine conjugates, to HIV status and cognitive impairment. This resource will enhance the annotation of these compounds in future studies to further the understanding of their roles in health and disease and to highlight the value of large-scale untargeted metabolomics data for metabolite discovery. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： HIV MassQL MASST metabolomics data mining microbial N-acyl lipids neurocognitive impairment repository-scale analysis SCFA short-chain fatty acids

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ELM vs. WiSARD: A performance comparison 25

ELM vs. WiSARD: A performance comparison

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25th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning, ESANN 2017

作者： Oliveira, Luiz Fernando R. França, Felipe M.G. Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program COPPE Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9782875870391

The extreme learning machine (ELM) is known for being a fast learning neural model. This work presents a performance comparison between ELM and the WiSARD weightless neural network model, regarding training and testing times, and classification accuracy as well. The two models were implemented in the same programming language and experiments were carried out on the same hardware environment. By using a group of datasets from the public repositories UCI and Statlog, experimental results shows that the WiSARD presented training times approximately one order of magnitude smaller than ELM, while classification accuracy varied according the number of classes involved. However, while WiSARD's architecture setups were not exhaustively searched, architecture setups for ELM were kept the same as the ones found in the literature as the best for each given dataset. © ESANN 2017 - Proceedings, 25th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning. All rights reserved.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Data quality measures and data cleansing for research information systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Azeroual, Otmane Saake, Gunter Abuosba, Mohammad Berlin10117 Germany Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg Department of Computer Science Institute for Technical and Business Information Systems Database Research Group P.O. Box 4120 Magdeburg39106 Germany University of Applied Sciences Htw Berlin Study Program Computational Science and Engineering Wilhelminenhofstrasse 75a Berlin12459 Germany

The collection, transfer and integration of research information into different research information systems can result in different data errors that can have a variety of negative effects on data quality. In order to detect errors at an early stage and treat them efficiently, it is necessary to determine the clean-up measures and the new techniques of data cleansing for quality improvement in research institutions. Thereby an adequate and reliable basis for decision-making using an RIS is provided, and confidence in a given dataset increased. In this paper, possible measures and the new techniques of data cleansing for improving and increasing the data quality in research information systems will be presented and how these are to be applied to the research information. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Standardization

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Design and Implementation of OLED Driving and OPD Readout Circuitry for an Optical Vibration Sensor 17

Design and Implementation of OLED Driving and OPD Readout Ci...

引用

17th IEEE SENSORS Conference, SENSORS 2018

作者： Wu, Yi-Cheng Kao, Yung-Hua Chao, Paul C.-P. Wey, Chin-Long Sauter, Thilo Eka, Fitrah P. Pandey, Rajeev Department of Electrical Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City Taiwan EECS International Graduate Program National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City Taiwan Department for Integrated Sensor Systems Danube University Krems Austria Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781538647073

This study presents an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) drive circuit and an organic photo detector (OPD) readout circuits for a vibration sensor. Vibration sensor consist of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), which are OLED and OPD needs to be integrated for many applications in automation or consumer electronics. The light flux is generated by an OLED located on top of the structure and the modulated light flux is measured by an OPD. The OLED drive circuit contains pulse width modulation (PWM) driver to control PWM output for optimization of voltage operation is designed in order to minimize power consumption efficiency of device. The readout circuit includes a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) to convert incident light of OPD to voltage output, a 14-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to extract amplitude of vibration level, circuit to generate clock for time-to-digital converter (TDC) which detect frequency of vibration sensor. The designed circuit has been successfully fabricated by using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS process, the chip area is 1.012 mm2. The power consumption of chip is about 6.2 mW. The measured frequency of PWM is about 200 kHz with 50% duty cycle. The frequency range of the vibration can be sensed well as about 10 Hz1.5 kHz, and resulting in high SNR at frequencies under 60 Hz. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power utilization

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Stakeholder Act as an IT and General Compliance Auditor

Stakeholder Act as an IT and General Compliance Auditor

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International Conference on Sustainable Information engineering and Technology (SIET)

作者： Surjandy Erick Fernando Meyliana Raymond Kosala Suhono Harso Supangkat Diani Dwiningrum Merry Marshela Angelica Renita Amalia Information Systems Audit Program Information Systems Department Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Information Systems Departement Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538674086;9781538674079

Recently, the Indonesian government requires auditors, the need for auditors around 40,000 auditors in 2016, currently has only about 10,800 auditors, however, the lack of the auditors impacting the risk of financial loss for the state. Referring to the problem, this experimental research was conducted. The experiment of the research was conducted two times and the audit topic is a compliance audit in the year 2017 and year 2018. The goal of this research is to know, can the stakeholder act as an IT and general compliance auditor? The experiment was conducted by 8 university students in 2017 and 19 university students in 2018, and the supporting tools of audit activities the university student use the smartphone to capture the object as evidence. The experiment results with descriptive method show university students can act as an auditor and found several pieces of evidence that might cause future impact to the institution.

关键词： Regulation Stakeholders Companies Libraries Finance

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Formation flying techniques for the virtual telescope for X-ray observations 69

Formation flying techniques for the virtual telescope for X-...

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69th International Astronautical Congress: #InvolvingEveryone, IAC 2018

作者： Kyle, Rankin Neerav, Shah John, Krizmanic Steven, Stochaj Asal, Naseri Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering New Mexico State University United States Goddard Space Flight Center NASA United States CRESST NASA GSFC University of Maryland Baltimore County United States Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Mexico State University United States Program Manage/Systems Engineer Space Dynamics Laboratory United States

The Virtual Telescope for X-Ray Observations (VTXO) is an Astrophysics SmallSat mission being developed to demonstrate 10-milliarcsecond X-ray imaging using a Phase Fresnel Lense (PFL)-based space telescope. PFLs promise to provide several orders of magnitude improvement in angular resolution over current state of the art X-ray optics. However, PFLs for astronomical applications requires a very long focal length, for VTXO the focal length is estimated to be in the range of 0.5 km to 4 km. Since these focal lengths are not feasible on a single spacecraft, the proposed solution is to use two separate spacecraft, one with the lense(s), and the second with an X-ray camera. These two spacecrafts will then fly in a formation approximating a single rigid telescope. In order to achieve this configuration, the two spacecraft must maintain the formation a focal length distance apart, with centimeter level control, and sub-millimeter level knowledge requirements. Additionally, for the telescope to achieve sufficient exposure time, the system must keep the telescope axis pointed at a fixed target on the celestial sphere for durations on the order of a few hours. VTXO's system architecture calls for two CubeSats to operate in a highly eccentric Earth orbit with one of the spacecraft's traveling on a natural keplarian orbit. The second spacecraft will then fly on a â€œpseudoâ€¥ orbit maintaining a fixed offset relative to the celestial sphere during observations. Observations with this system will occur near apogee where differential forces on the spacecrafts are minimal which in turn minimizes fuel consumption. The â€œpseudoâ€¥ orbit where the second spacecraft is located is not quite a stable orbit requiring small continuous propulsion to maintain formation. This paper and presentation will overview VTXO's system architecture, additionally it will look in depth at the formation flying techniques, including fuel consumption, and methods for establishing, and maintaining the form

关键词： Orbits

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The association for the advancement of artificial intelligence 2020 workshop program

The association for the advancement of artificial intelligen...

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作者： Bang, Grace Barash, Guy Bea, Ryan Cali, Jacques Castillo-Effen, Mauricio Chen, Xin Cynthia Chhaya, Niyati Dhoopar, Rohan Dumancic, Sebastijan Espinoza, Huáscar Farchi, Eitan Fioretto, Ferdinando Fuentetaja, Raquel Galley, Michel Geib, Christopher Hernández-Orallo, José Huang, Xiaowei Keren, Sarah Kim, Seokhwan Jaidka, Kokil Liu, Xiaomo Lu, Tyler Ma, Zhiqiang Mallah, Richard McDermid, John Michalowski, Martin Mirsky, Reuth Héigeartaigh, Seán Ó. Ramachandran, Deepak Segovia-Aguas, Javier Shaban-Nejad, Arash Shehory, Onn Shwartz, Vered Srivastava, Siddharth Talamadupula, Kartik Tang, Jian Zhang, Dell Zhang, Jian S&P Global. Western Digital University of Southampton United Kingdom Blue Prism Group PLC Lockheed Martin's Advanced Technology Laboratories ArlingtonVA United States University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Adobe Research Google Research Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium Commissariat à ĺÉnergie Atomique France IBM Research Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Syracuse University United States Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Spain Microsoft Research AI SIFT LLC Universitat Politècnica de València Spain Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool United Kingdom National University of Singapore Singapore Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences in the of Fields of Multiagent Environment Design and Goal Recognition Design Amazon Alexa AI Future of Life Institute United States University of York Assuring Autonomy International Program United Kingdom University of Minnesota School of Nursing MinneapolisMN United States University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Institut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial Spanish Council for Scientific Research Technical University of Catalonia Spain Oak Ridge National Laboratory Center for Biomedical Informatics Department of Pediatrics University of Tennessee Health Science Center United States Bar Ilan University Israel University of Washington SeattleWA United States Autonomous Agents and Intelligent Robots lab of the School of Computing Informatics Decision Systems Arizona State University United States DiDi AI Labs School of Industrial and System Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology United States University of London United Kingdom Microsoft Azure

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence 2020 Workshop program included twenty-three workshops covering a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence. This report contains the required reports, which were submitted by most, but not all, of the workshop chairs. Copyright © 2020, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

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A Collection of Software engineering Challenges for Big Data System Development

A Collection of Software Engineering Challenges for Big Data...

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Euromicro Conference on Software engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Oliver Hummel Holger Eichelberger Andreas Giloj Dominik Werle Klaus Schmid Faculty of Computer Science Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Software Systems Engineering University of Hildesheim Institute for Program Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781538673843

In recent years, the development of systems for processing and analyzing large amounts of data (so-called Big Data) has become an important sub-discipline of software engineering. However, to date there exits no comprehensive summary of the specific idiosyncrasies and challenges that the development of Big Data systems imposes on software engineers. With this paper, we aim to provide a first step towards filling this gap based on our collective experience from industry and academic projects as well as from consulting and initial literature reviews. The main contribution of our work is a concise summary of 26 challenges in engineering Big Data systems, collected and consolidated by means of a systematic identification process. The aim is to make practitioners more aware of common challenges and to offer researchers a solid baseline for identifying novel software engineering research directions.

关键词： Big Data Software Software engineering computer architecture Data analysis Data privacy Systematics

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Author Correction: Greengenes2 unifies microbial data in a single reference tree

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Nature biotechnology 2024年第5期42卷 813页

作者： Daniel McDonald Yueyu Jiang Metin Balaban Kalen Cantrell Qiyun Zhu Antonio Gonzalez James T Morton Giorgia Nicolaou Donovan H Parks Søren M Karst Mads Albertsen Philip Hugenholtz Todd DeSantis Se Jin Song Andrew Bartko Aki S Havulinna Pekka Jousilahti Susan Cheng Michael Inouye Teemu Niiranen Mohit Jain Veikko Salomaa Leo Lahti Siavash Mirarab Rob Knight Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diego School of Medicine La Jolla CA USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA. Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA. Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Branch Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA. Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Australian Centre for Ecogenomics School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Columbia University New York NY USA. Department of Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark. Department of Informatics Second Genome Brisbane CA USA. Center for Microbiome Innovation Jacobs School of Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM-HiLIFE Helsinki Finland. Division of Cardiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA USA. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA USA. Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia. Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Division of Medicine Turku University Hospital and University of Turku Turku Finland. Sapient Bioanalytics LLC San Diego CA USA. Department of Computing University of Turku Turku Finland. Department of Pediatrics Uni

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Self-adaptive Evolutionary Algorithm for DNA Codeword Design

Self-adaptive Evolutionary Algorithm for DNA Codeword Design

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Jeisson Prieto Elizabeth León Max H. Garzon Computing Systems and Industrial Engineering Department Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia Department of Computer Science and the Bioinformatics Program University of Memphis Memphis USA

DNA has emerged as a new computational resource for data encoding and processing. The fundamental problem of DNA Codeword Design (CWD) calls for finding effective ways to encode and process data in DNA. The problem has shown to be of interest in other areas as well, including computational memories, self-assembly and phylogenetic analysis, among others. In prior work, a framework to analyze this problem has been developed and simple versions of CWD have been shown to be NP-complete using any single reasonable metric that approximates the Gibbs energy, thus practically making it very difficult to find a general procedure for finding optimal efficient encodings. We present a Self-adaptive Evolutionary Algorithm for CWD (SaEA-CWD) as an extension of the Hybrid Adaptive Evolutionary algorithm (HAEA). SaEA-CWD is a parameter adaptation technique that automatically adapts the rates of its genetic operator applications to exploit structural properties of the search space to improve the speed and quality of the solutions. An implementation and preliminary results are evaluated in spaces where searches are already prohibitive to ordinary methods (such as 8- and 10-mers) due to the combinatorial explosion of the solution DNA space. Applications to other problems are suggested, such as a general technique for dimensionality reduction based on SaEA-CWD.

关键词： DNA Evolutionary computation Encoding Extraterrestrial measurements Self-assembly

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