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Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA)

作者： Jun-Seok Lee Yun-Sung Lee Han-Jeong Hwang Dept. of Electronics and Information Engineering Korea University Sejong Korea Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Korea University Sejong Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350367331

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367348

The objective of this study was to develop an auditory stimulation method that can improve concentration and to investigate its neurophysiological effects using electrocardiography (ECG). The auditory stimulus was developed by mixing the sound of white noise with dynamic binaural beats (DBB) that featured time-varying carrier frequencies. The experimental paradigm involved conducting an association memory (AM) task and a mental arithmetic (MA) task to assess cognitive performance. In the behavioral results, no significant differences were confirmed between the two experimental conditions (sound vs. no sound) for both cognitive tasks. In the AM task, no significant differences in HRV change between the baseline and task were observed between the two conditions. However, during the MA task, there was a significant decrease in HRV when participants were exposed to the auditory stimulation compared to when it was not.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Rain Asia Information processing Electrocardiography White noise Heart rate variability Arithmetic

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Co Metal ALD on Cu with Cyclic Clean by Peroxide and Hydrazine for Inverse Hybrid Metal Bonding

Co Metal ALD on Cu with Cyclic Clean by Peroxide and Hydrazi...

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technology, Systems and Applications (VLSI-TSA/VLSI-DAT), International VLSI Symposium on

作者： Cheng-Hsuan Kuo Dipayan Pal Victor Wang Madison Manley Rohan Sahay Ravindra Kanjolia Mansour Moinpour Jacob Woodruff Bakir Muhannad Jeff Spiegelman Andrew C. Kummel Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego Georgia Institute of Technology EMD Electronics Rasirc

ISBN: (数字)9798350360349

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360356

To meet the demands of data-intensive applications such as artificial intelligence (AI) and high-performance computing (HPC), there is a need for tighter integration to minimize electrical interconnect delays and energy [1] . Typical I/O pitches for μ-bumps range from hundreds of microns to $\sim 50\mu \mathrm{m}$ for conventional flip chip bonding therefore limiting the number of I/O's. When scaling down solder-based μ-bumps, adjacent interconnects could be shorted during the bonding process. As a result, the investigation of new bonding techniques has become more and more popular. The feasibility of a 3D bonding technology for ultra-dense input/output (I/O) interconnects using cobalt selective atomic layer deposition (Co ALD) was explored with a preliminary testbed [2] .

关键词： Micrometers Three-dimensional displays Limiting High performance computing Very large scale integration Delays Flip-chip devices

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First Demonstration of HZO-LNOI Integrated Ferroelectric Electro-Optic Modulator and Memory to Enable Reconfigurable Photonic Systems

First Demonstration of HZO-LNOI Integrated Ferroelectric Ele...

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2023 International Electron Devices Meeting, IEDM 2023

作者： Xu, Zefeng Chen, Chun-Kuei Lin, Hong-Lin Gao, Yuan Ke, Wei Xu, Baochang Dmitriev, Pavel Arbiz, Carlan Zamburg, Evgeny Touzard, Steven Cai, Xinlun Lee, James Venkatesan, Suresh Danner, Aaron Thean, Aaron Voon-Yew Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore Nus Graduate School Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program Singapore 117583 Singapore School of Electronics and Information Technology 117583 Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies Nus Singapore Poet Technologies Canada Sun Yat-Sen University 510275 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327670

We have successfully demonstrated, for the first time, an innovative back-end-of-line (BEOL) compatible electro-optic modulator and memory (EOMM) based on Lithium Niobate on Insulator (LNOI) micro-ring resonator (MRR) integrated with Ferroelectric Hafnium Zirconate Hf0.5Zr0.5O (HZO) non-volatile analog memory. High non-volatile memory and modulation performances are both achieved in a single compact device, exhibiting high extinction ratio of 13.3 dB, excellent efficiency of 66pm/V, stable nine-state switching, record-high endurance exceeding 109 cycles. This is accomplished by utilizing Pockels effect in LNOI, induced by electric-field effect from remnant HZO ferroelectric polarization. We studied the system implementation of reconfigurable chiplet-interposer photonic interconnect, enabled by the EOMM and EOMM with hybrid thermal-optical modulation. Our model shows a potential 70% energy efficiency improvement over conventional electrical interposer interconnect. We have also tested the integration of the EOMM with POET technologies' 400G Tx/Rx optical interposer chip and studied a limited scale demonstration of the EOMM device. © 2023 IEEE.

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Development of EEG-Based Optimal Biomarkers for Decoding Fatigue during Motor Imagery Tasks

Development of EEG-Based Optimal Biomarkers for Decoding Fat...

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International Winter Workshop on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)

作者： Jun-Seok Lee Seung-Won Lee Sang-Rok Kim Han-Jeong Hwang Dept. Electronics and Information Engineering Korea University Sejong Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Korea University Sejong Republic of Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331521929

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521936

This study aimed to identify electroencephalography (EEG)-based neurophysiological biomarkers for monitoring mental fatigue during motor imagery (MI) tasks. We used EEG data recorded from 29 healthy adults during MI tasks. For the preprocessing of the EEG data, we sequentially performed down-sampling into 200 Hz, independent component analysis (ICA), band-pass filtering between 0.5 and 50 Hz, and common average reference (CAR). The preprocessed EEG data were analyzed using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to calculate spectral power in the δ (0.5-3 Hz), θ (4–7 Hz), $a$ (8–13 Hz), and β (13–30 Hz) frequency bands. Subsequently, seventeen fatigue-related metrics were calculated using individual spectral powers and their combinations. These fatigue-related metrics were averaged for the frontal lobe (F3 and F4), central lobe (FCC3h and FCC4h), parietal lobe (P3 and P4), and occipital lobe (POO1 and POO2). The statistical significance of the average fatigue metrics was evaluated through Pearson correlation analysis with the sequence of trials. As a result, we observed strong positive correlations (r < 0.9, p < 0.001) between beta power in the frontal and central regions and the sequence of trials. These findings suggest that central and frontal beta activity can serve as reliable biomarkers for estimating fatigue during MI tasks, supporting their potential for real-time fatigue monitoring.

关键词： Measurement Correlation Fast Fourier transforms Biomarkers Fatigue Motors Electroencephalography Decoding Reliability Monitoring

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Study on Electromagnetic Resonance Antennas in the Vicinity of Human Body

Study on Electromagnetic Resonance Antennas in the Vicinity ...

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2022 IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics: Applications and Student Innovation Competition, iWEM 2022

作者： Hiramoto, Toshiya Hirabayashi, Koichi Noguchi, Keisuke Kanazawa Institute of Technology Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Electronics Ishikawa Nonoichi Japan Fukuvi Chemical Industry Co Ltd Equipment Engineering Section Fukui Fukui City Japan Kanazawa Institute of Technology Depertment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ishikawa Nonoichi Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665432382

ISBN: (纸本)9781665432382

In this study, we investigate a directional electromagnetic resonance antenna (EMRA) for application to wearable antennas. We designed an EMRA in free space and confirmed its unidirectional pattern through simulations and prototype experiments. We also analyze the characteristics of EMRA when it is in close to the surface of a human phantom. As a result, EMRA in the vicinity of human body resulted in a gain reduction of up to 2 dB compared to the free-space condition. However, when the distance from the surface of the human phantom was more than 10 mm, the gain was confirmed to be close to that in free space. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Phantoms

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Numerical analysis of Ga gradient effects in ACIGS absorbers for high-efficiency tandem solar cells

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Optical and Quantum electronics 2025年第3期57卷 1-19页

作者： Boukortt, Nour El I. Loureiro, Antonio Garcia Almutairi, Ohood A. Centro Singular de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Intelixentes University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain Department of Electronics and Information Systems Ghent University Technology Park 126 Zwijnaarde Belgium Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College London LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Energy Systems Program College of Engineering & Energy Abdullah Al Salem University Khaldiya Kuwait

Ag-alloyed Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (ACIGS) is a promising material for the bottom subcell in tandem solar cell structures, offering a tunable bandgap that spans the optimal range for maximum efficiency;however, the bandgap widening of ACIGS thin films poses a significant challenge in enhancing their photocurrent. This paper investigates the impact of different grading profiles, specifically focusing on the 'hockey stick'/V-like Ga gradient–induced (GGI) profiles, on the performance of thin-film ACIGS cells. To enhance the physical understanding of these grading profiles we have used Silvaco TCAD tools to analyze how these profiles' depths, notch position, and slope affect the power conversion efficiency (PCE). The optimized ACIGS cell achieves a PCE of 25.80%, compared to 23.60% for the reference device. For the tandem configuration, we pair the optimized ACIGS bottom cell (double grading profile) with a perovskite top cell (band gap ~ 1.66 eV), achieving an overall efficiency of 30.26% under AM1.5G illumination. The obtained results highlight the critical role of Ga gradient profiles in enhancing the bottom cell's performance and stability. Additionally, we compare our results with existing studies to evaluate the broader impact of Ga compositional optimization on ACIGS-based solar cells. This work provides valuable insights into advanced grading strategies and helps us understand the physical behaviour of these high-performance tandem solar cells. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Silver alloys

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FPGA Utilized Implementation of Epileptic Seizure Detection System Based on Wearable Devices using Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration 10

FPGA Utilized Implementation of Epileptic Seizure Detection ...

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10th International Japan-Africa Conference on electronics, Communications, and Computations, JAC-ECC 2022

作者： Fawzy, Mohamed Hussien, Ahmed Mostafa, Hassan Siemens Digital Industries Software Cairo Egypt Cairo University Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Giza Egypt University of Science and Technology Nanotechnology and Nanoelectronics Program Zewail City of Science and Technology October Gardens 6th of October Giza12578 Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464635

Unplanned seizures are caused by a disorder in the central nervous system known as epilepsy. Although significant advancements have been made in the realm of non-EEG wearable devices, there is still much room for improvement in the field of EEG-based seizure detection and prediction using ML. The management of epilepsy has a lot of promise to be aided by non-invasive wearable technology. The suggested study intends to design and implement a support vector machine (SVM) classification-based epileptic seizure detection system based on various wearable devices. The proposed technique for detecting seizures accomplishes According to data for seizure detection, our system consistently achieves a sensitivity of 100% and an accuracy of 97%. High level MATLAB model creation is part of the design cycle. Despite the fact that high performance cannot be achieved with just one signal. Although a high performance detection system cannot achieve the requisite sensitivity and accuracy with a single signal, we presented various combining techniques. RTL modelling, design optimization, FPGA implementation, and functional verification are all included in the implementation cycle. The capacity of the FPGA's partial dynamic reconfiguration is suggested for implementation in order to make better use of the available resources. Comparing the proposed implementation to relevant earlier work, it demonstrated improved utilization. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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An Enhanced System for Wrong-Way Driving Vehicle Detection with Road Boundary Detection Algorithm

An Enhanced System for Wrong-Way Driving Vehicle Detection w...

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2022 International Conference on Industry Sciences and Computer Science Innovation, iSCSi 2022

作者： Suttiponpisarn, Pintusorn Charnsripinyo, Chalermpol Usanavasin, Sasiporn Nakahara, Hiro TAIST Tokyo Tech ICTES Program Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand National Electronics and Computer Technology Center National Science and Technology Development Agency Pathum Thani Thailand School of ICT Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand Dept. of Information and Communications Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

Driving in the wrong direction is one of the main reasons that cause road accidents in Thailand. To efficiently detect wrong direction driving vehicles, we proposed a system that can track those moving vehicles from CCTVs using deep learning and image processing techniques. Our proposed system is composed of two main algorithms: Road Lane Boundary detection from CCTV algorithm (RLB-CCTV) and Majority-Based Correct Direction Detection algorithm (MBCDD). In this paper, we introduced the RLB-CCTV algorithm and the enhanced version of MBCDD algorithms for detecting road boundaries and wrong-direction driving vehicles. Based on our experiments, our system can identify the road lane boundary and track vehicles driving in the wrong direction on each lane with an accuracy of 96.61%. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hough transforms

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Beamforming Design Toward Sum-Rate Maximization for Holographic Active RIS-Aided Uplink Near-Field Communications

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 18582-18595页

作者： Singh, Sandeep Singh, Keshav Singh, Sandeep Kumar Shin, Hyundong Duong, Trung Q. National Sun Yat-sen University International Master’s Program in Telecommunication Engineering Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan National Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Communications Engineering Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Kyung Hee University Department of Electronic Engineering Gyeonggi Yongin17104 Korea Republic of Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Prayagraj211004 India Memorial University Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science St. John’sA1C 5S7 Canada Queen’s University Belfast School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science BelfastBT7 1NN United Kingdom

Holographically driven active reconfigurable intelligent surface (HARIS), leveraging densely packed subwavelength elements, overcomes the limitations of conventional RIS in signal processing, unlocking advanced capabilities for next-generation networks. Thus, to exploit its full potential, this work proposes the integration of HARIS into an Internet of Things (IoT) multiuser uplink near-field-driven wireless communication system. A sum-rate maximization problem is formulated to provide efficient resource utilization by jointly optimizing the equalizer design, power allocation at each IoT user, and the HARIS phase shift, while satisfying strict constraints of Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirement and limited power budget at each IoT user and HARIS. Due to the nonconvex nature of the problem, we propose an alternating optimization (AO)-based algorithm, incorporating techniques, such as minimum-mean-square error (MMSE), convex upper bound approximation, and semidefinite relaxation (SDR). Then, extensive simulations validate the algorithm’s efficacy and convergence, demonstrating up to 63% higher performance with HARIS than passive RIS. Additionally, we highlight that near-field communication yields up to 90% higher sum-rate than hybrid 76% and far-field model 73%. Moreover, we demonstrate the impact of imperfect channel state information (iCSI) on the system performance. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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A Novel Approach to Teaching Theory Control: Integrating STEM Education, Mobile Robot Simulation, and Bio-inspired Optimization

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Operations Research Forum 2025年第3期6卷 1-24页

作者： Pastrana, M. A. Santana, M. S. Mendoza-Peñaloza, Jose Bautista, J. Pinto Lopera, Jesus Emilio Muñoz, Daniel M. Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics Graduate Program University of Brasília Brasília Brazil Faculty of Science and Technology in Engineering Electronics Engineering Undergraduate University of Brasília Brasília Brazil Faculty of Engineering University of the Amazonia Florencia Colombia

In the context of engineering education, imparting control theory poses a significant challenge, especially for students lacking prior knowledge in the domain. This paper addresses this issue by introducing a novel approach for teaching control theory using STEM (Science, technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education, mobile robot simulator, and bio-inspired optimization. The paper identifies the lack of prior knowledge in control theory as a barrier to effective instruction and proposes a work approach that combines theoretical discussions, hands-on practical exercises, and tests, allowing students to progressively delve into control theory concepts. The study’s results demonstrate a statistical significance positive correlation between students’ performance in practical exercises and test outcomes. By providing a comprehensive framework for teaching control theory in a practical and engaging manner, this research contributes to bridging the gap in control theory education for students from diverse backgrounds.

关键词： Bio-inspired algorithms Mobile robots simulation PID controller STEM education Teaching control theory

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