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An 11-country analysis of newspaper coverage of the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games

DISABILITY & SOCIETY 2021年第5期36卷 795-811页

作者： Cheong, Jadeera Phaik Geok Khoo, Selina Inoue, Chiaki Surujlal, Jhalukpreya Cheong, Niki Esfahani, Mahdi Lin, Po-Hsiu Brooke, Mark Li, Yan Chun, Heaja Alshahrany, Abdulrahman Al-Shamli, Ali Razman, Rizal Univ Malaya Ctr Sport & Exercise Sci Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Univ Tsukuba Grad Sch Comprehens Human Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan North West Univ Fac Econ & Management Sci WorkWell Res Unit Potchefstroom South Africa Univ Nottingham Dept Cultural Media & Visual Studies Nottingham England Imam Reza Int Univ Dept Sport Sci Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Grad Inst Sport Leisure & Hospitality Management Taipei Taiwan Natl Univ Singapore Ctr English Language Commun Singapore Singapore China Int Cooperat Assoc Small & Medium Enterpris Int Cooperat Div Beijing Peoples R China Korean Paralymp Comm Seoul South Korea Univ Teknol Malaysia Fac Social Sci & Humanities Dept Phys Educ Skudai Malaysia Sohar Univ Fac Educ & Arts Phys Educ Program Suhar Oman

The Paralympic Games is the largest sporting competition for athletes with an impairment. This competition has, however, had limited news coverage in the past particularly compared to the Olympic Games. This study analyzes newspaper coverage of the 2016 Paralympic Games by two newspapers in 11 countries (China, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United Kingdom). The coverage period spanned 7-19 September 2016. Text and pictures were coded according to page number, content, gender, sport, and nationality of person. Media content analysis was used to extract coverage of themes. Results are presented using descriptive statistics and frequency counts. Of the 623 articles and 541 photographs analysed, a small percentage (7.3%) were on the front pages of newspapers. Most articles and photographs (78.7%) were about athletes or teams. There was more coverage of male athletes (53.2%) and local athletes (71.6%). Points of interest The Paralympic Games has historically received less newspaper coverage than the Olympic Games. This study examined newspaper coverage of the 2016 Paralympic Games from 11 countries. For the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games, newspaper coverage in most countries was good, lasting nearly the whole duration, and this also included a number of front page reports. The type of coverage and number of reports differ between countries. Generally, the highest medal winning countries gave more media attention to the Games. The news reports focused primarily on their local athletes and teams. Moreover, males had more news coverage than females overall.

关键词： Paralympics disabilities impairment media content analysis

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Developing a Prototyping Method for Involving Children in the Design of Classroom Robots

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ROBOTICS 2018年第2期10卷 279-291页

作者： Obaid, Mohammad Baykal, Gokce Elif Yantac, Asim Evren Barendregt, Wolmet Uppsala Univ Dept Informat Technol Uppsala Sweden Koc Univ Design Technol & Soc Program Istanbul Turkey Koc Univ KUAR Media & Visual Arts Dept Istanbul Turkey Univ Gothenburg Dept Appl IT Gothenburg Sweden

Including children in the design of technologies that will have an impact on their daily lives is one of the pillars of user-centered design. Educational robots are an example of such a technology where children's involvement is important. However, the form in which this involvement should take place is still unclear. Children do not have a lot of experience with educational robots yet, while they do have some ideas of what robot could be like from popular media, such as BayMax from the Big Hero 6 movie. In this paper we describe two pilot studies to inform the development of an elicitation method focusing on form factors;a first study in which we have asked children between 8 and 15 years old to design their own classroom robot using a toolkit, the Robo2Box, and a second study where we have compared the use of the Robo2Box toolkit and clay as elicitation methods. We present the results of the two studies, and discuss the implications of the outcomes to inform further development of the Robo2Box for prototyping classroom robots by children.

关键词： Classroom robots Prototyping Design Toolkit Children

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Understanding Web-Based Professional Development in Education: The Role of Attitudes and Self-efficacy in Predicting Teachers' Technology-Teaching Integration

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ASIA-PACIFIC EDUCATION RESEARCHER 2020年第5期29卷 405-415页

作者： Kao, Chia-Pin Wu, Ying-Tien Chang, Yu-Yu Chien, Hui-Min Mou, Tsai-Yun Southern Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol Dept Child Care & Educ 1 Nantai St Tainan 710 Taiwan Natl Cent Univ Grad Inst Network Learning Technol Taoyuan Taiwan Natl Cheng Kung Univ Cross Coll Elite Program Tainan Taiwan Cheng Shiu Univ Ctr Teacher Educ Kaohsiung Taiwan Natl Pingtung Univ Dept Visual Arts Pingtung Taiwan

There is a large body of study concerning primary school teachers' technology integration, and their web-based professional development self-efficacy and attitudes. However, little research has been particularly conducted to investigate the effects of self-efficacy and attitudes toward professional development on teachers' intention to integrate technologies in their teaching activities. Using a sample of 368 primary school teachers, we empirically investigate how teachers' technology integration is affected by their self-efficacy and attitudes toward web-based professional development. Factor analysis, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression were adopted in this study. Results show that the primary school teachers' self-efficacy and attitudes toward web-based professional development are the important predictors of their perceptions of integrating technology into their teaching. The results indicate that improving the primary school teachers' learning attitudes and cultivating their self-efficacy are conducive to the intention to integrate technology with their teaching activities, which may strengthen the teaching effectiveness through the aid of web-based technologies. Besides, Internet experience may help teachers feel confident about their own ability to participate teachers' web-based professional development programs, and will lead to more positive teaching conceptions of technology integration.

关键词： Self-efficacy Attitudes Technology integration Professional development

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Combining experiences of race gaming and natural driving affects gaze location strategy in simulated context

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ERGONOMICS 2019年第11期62卷 1392-1399页

作者： Gotardi, Gisele C. Kuga, Gabriel K. Simao, Rafael O. Brito, Matheus B. Paschoalino, Gabriel P. Silva, Gustavo A. Barbieri, Fabio A. Polastri, Paula F. Schor, Paulo Navarro, Martina Rodrigues, Sergio T. Sao Paulo State Univ Fac Sci Dept Phys Educ Grad Program Human Movement Sci Bauru Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ Fac Sci Dept Phys Educ Lab Informat Vis & Act LIVIA Bauru Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ Fac Architecture Arts & Commun Grad Program Design Ergon Bauru Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ Fac Sci Dept Phys Educ Human Movement Res Lab MOVI Bauru Brazil Univ Fed Sao Paulo Paulista Sch Med Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Portsmouth Fac Sci Dept Sport & Exercise Sci Portsmouth Hants England

The aims of the study were to investigate the effects of race gaming experience in playing racing video games on gaze behaviour and performance of drivers and the effects of natural driving experience on gaze behaviour and performance of gamers. Thirty participants, divided into drivers-gamers, drivers-non-gamers and non-drivers-gamers, were asked to drive in a race circuit as fast as possible while their eye movements were recorded. Drivers-gamers spent more time looking at the lane than non-drivers-gamers. Furthermore, drivers-gamers performed greater number of fixations towards the speedometer and showed faster performance in the racing task than the drivers-non-gamers. Combining natural driving and race gaming experiences changed the gaze location strategy of drivers. Practitioner summary: Racing video games practitioners have high propensity to exhibit attitudes and intentions of risky driving behaviour. Combining natural driving and race gaming experiences affects gaze behaviour strategy of drivers.

关键词： Racing video games ergonomics visual search virtual environment

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Immediations: The Humanitarian Impulse in Documentary

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CINEMA JOURNAL 2018年第4期57卷 170-174页

作者： Watson, Ryan Misericordia Univ Fine Arts Program Film & Visual Media Dallas PA 18612 USA

Pooja Rangan'sImmediations: The Humanitarian Impulse in Documentaryis a provocative, polemical, and vital book for thinking through the often-problematic humanitarian impulse to give the camera to the Other. Traditionally, this act is located within the benevolent discourse of "giving a voice to the voiceless." Rangan argues the opposite, namely that "giving the camera to the other invents the very disenfranchised humanity that it claims to redeem." While the book concentrates on a range of non-fiction examples that fall broadly into the subgenre of "participatory documentary," Rangan's critical orientation does not rest firmly in the methods and concerns of documentary studies or media studies more generally. Rather, she works "diagonally" across those disciplines as well as disability studies, childhood studies, and animal studies using a methodology informed by the work of feminist and postcolonial scholars and the close textual analysis of deconstruction and semiotics.1This intellectually expansive approach enables Rangan to trenchantly interrogate essential questions about documentary ethics, human rights, representation, authorship, spectatorship, and ***, Rangan sets out to explore "the reality effects of participatory documentary," especially when they operate in the mode of emergency, offering the concept of "immediations," which she defines as "the documentary tropes of evidencing … attributes of humanity in all their immediacy." In other words,Immediationsanalyzes how "humanist tropes of documentary immediacy" exploit the "circumstance of labors of disenfranchised individuals" that simply work to "reinforce their status as other" while fulfilling British documentary pioneer John Grierson's vision for the humanitarian mission of realist[End Page 170]documentary.2For Rangan, those disenfranchised individuals, largely illegible to documentary tropes that signify "humanity," are represented in the figures of the child, the refugee, the person

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Never Alone, Except for Now: Art, Networks, Populations

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CRITICAL INQUIRY 2020年第3期46卷 709-712页

作者： Madoff, Steven Henry Sch Visual Arts Curatorial Practice Program New York NY 10010 USA Yale Univ Sch Art New Haven CT 06520 USA

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A review on complementary natures of tangible user interfaces (TUIs) and early spatial learning

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International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction 2018年 16卷 104-113页

作者： Baykal, G.E. Alaca, I. Veryeri Yantaç, A.E. Göksun, T. Design Technology and Society PhD Program Koç University İstanbul Turkey Media and Visual Arts Department Koç University İstanbul Turkey Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries Koç University İstanbul Turkey Department of Psychology Koç University İstanbul Turkey

Spatial skills are essential for everyday tasks, and technology blends seamlessly into children's everyday environment. Since spatiality as a term is ubiquitous in experience this paper bridges literature in two fields: theories on early spatial learning in cognitive development and potential benefits of tangible user interfaces (TUIs) for supporting very young children's spatial skills. Studies suggest that the period between 2 and 4 years of age is critical for training spatial skills (e.g., mental rotation), which relate to further success in STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and math) disciplines. We first present a review of the empirical findings on spatial skills, early interventions, and tools (i.e., narrative and gesture input) recommended for training preschool children's spatial skills. By situating the work within the use and benefits of manipulatives (e.g., building blocks, puzzles, shapes) combined with digital affordances in interaction design, we address the relevance of TUIs as complementary tools for spatial learning. We concentrate on the supporting properties of TUIs that enable playful learning, make storytelling more concrete, and provide embodiment effects through physicality. Through various products found in the market and literature that address the physical–digital convergence, we invite designers and researchers to consider design practices and applicable technology that build on present efforts and paradigms in this area. To contribute to this area, we conclude with a discussion of the gaps in design methods to develop technologies for children younger than 4 years old, and propose directions for future work to leverage new tools that serve very young children's spatial learning and possible inquiries for dual payoff. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Mental rotation Preschool children Spatial learning Tangible user interfaces

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Developing livable cities: do we have what it takes?

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Cities and Health 2020年第3期4卷 321-335页

作者： Yang, Samuel Eyler, Amy Brownson, Ross Samuels, Linda Kyung, Grace Reis, Rodrigo Prevention Research Center Brown School Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States College of Architecture and Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design Sam Fox School of Design and Visual Arts Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Urban Strategies Inc St. Louis MO United States Graduate Program in Urban Management Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil

A popular and intuitive way to capture the quality of life in cities is by evaluating ‘livability.’ This study aims to gain insight on the types, importance, and availability of skills needed to develop livable cities, as perceived by researchers and practitioners. Participants in a separate concept mapping project were asked to provide a list of the skills they found most important to the development of livable cities. Responses were synthesized into broader categories. Survey respondents most referenced Collaboration, Communication, and Community Engagement. In a second phase, respondents were asked to select those that they felt were most important. Collaboration and Community Engagement were the two most frequently selected skills in the second phase. Results were compared against competency requirements for program accreditation in the fields of Public Health, Urban Planning, Architecture, Landscape Architecture, and Parks and Recreation Administration. All are vital partners in livable city development. Further trends, similarities, and differences are discussed. This study underscores the enduring need for ‘soft skills,’ non-traditional approaches to education and workforce development, and the increasing relevance of team science. Understanding the skills needed for livable city development helps ensure researchers and practitioners are equipped to participate. © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： evidence-based practice Livability professional competence urban health urban planning

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El Sol

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ART JOURNAL 2019年第1期78卷 7-17页

作者： Woods, Sune Vermt Coll Fine Arts Visual Art Program Montpelier VT USA Harvard Univ Dept Visual & Environm Studies Cambridge MA 02138 USA

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MLL1 is essential for retinal neurogenesis and horizontal inner neuron integrity

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2018年第1期8卷 1-17页

作者： Brightman, Diana S. Grant, Rachel L. Ruzycki, Philip A. Suzuki, Ray Hennig, Anne K. Chen, Shiming Washington Univ Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci St Louis MO 63130 USA Washington Univ Dept Dev Biol St Louis MO 63130 USA Washington Univ Div Biol & Biomed Sci Mol Cell Biol Grad Program St Louis MO USA Washington Univ Div Biol & Biomed Sci Mol Genet & Genom Grad Program St Louis MO USA Washington Univ Coll Arts & Sci St Louis MO USA Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr 3333 Burnet Ave Cincinnati OH 45229 USA

Development of retinal structure and function is controlled by cell type-specific transcription factors and widely expressed co-regulators. The latter includes the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) family of histone methyltransferases that catalyze histone H3 lysine 4 di- and tri-methylation associated with gene activation. One such member, MLL1, is widely expressed in the central nervous system including the retina. However, its role in retinal development is unknown. To address this question, we knocked out Mll1 in mouse retinal progenitors, and discovered that MLL1 plays multiple roles in retinal development by regulating progenitor cell proliferation, cell type composition and neuron-glia balance, maintenance of horizontal neurons, and formation of functional synapses between neuronal layers required for visual signal transmission and processing. Altogether, our results suggest that MLL1 is indispensable for retinal neurogenesis and function development, providing a new paradigm for cell type-specific roles of known histone modifying enzymes during CNS tissue development.

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