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STEPS TO AN ADVANCED ADA programming environment

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1985年第3期11卷 302-310页

作者： TAYLOR, RN STANDISH, TA Programming Environment Project Department of Information and Computer Science University of California

Concepts and ideas are presented that should characterize an advanced Ada programming support environment. These concepts include: 1. conceptual simplicity, 2. tight coupling of tools, and 3. effective support of host-target software development. Several important principles - including template-assisted Ada editing, command completion employing Ada as a command language, and combining the advantages of interpretation and compilation - have been demonstrated in the Arcturus system. Of particular concern is the expansion of Arcturus to support the analysis, testing, and debugging of real-time tasking programs. A strategy is proposed for applying the individual standalone techniques developed to facilitate those activities in an integrated manner, making them even more valuable as they are mutually reinforcing and complementary in vital ways. The strategy provides a disciplined approach to the problem of analyzing errors disclosed during real-time target machine testing.

关键词： Static Analysis Ada Concurrency Debugging programming environments

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Initial thoughts on rapid prototyping techniques

Initial thoughts on rapid prototyping techniques

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Workshop on Rapid Prototyping 1982

作者： Taylor, Tamara Standish, Thomas A. Irvine Programming Environment Project Computer Science Department University of California IrvineCA92717 United States

ISBN: (纸本)089791094X

This paper sets some context, raises issues, and provides our initial thinking on the characteristics of effective rapid prototyping techniques. After discussing the role rapid prototyping techniques can play in the software lifecycle, the paper looks at possible technical approaches including: heavily parameterized models, reusable software, rapid prototyping languages, prefabrication techniques for system generation, and reconfigurable test harnesses. The paper concludes that a multi-faceted approach to rapid prototyping techniques is needed if we are to address a broad range of applications successfully - no single technical approach suffices for all potentially desirable applications.

关键词： Rapid prototyping

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Arcturus: A prototype advanced Ada∗ programming environment 1

Arcturus: A prototype advanced Ada∗ programming environment

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1st ACM SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN Software Engineering Symposium on Practical Software Development environments, SDE 1984

作者： Standieh, Thomas A. Taylor, Richard N. Programming Environment Project Department of Information and Computer Science University of California Irvine IrvineCA92717 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897911318

The Arcturus system demonstrates several important principles that will characterize advanced Ada programming support environments. These include conceptual simplicity, tight coupling of tools, and effective command and editing concepts. Arcturus supports interactive program development and permits the combined use of interpretive and compiled execution. Arcturus is not complete however, as practical, mature environments for Ada must also support the development, analysis, testing, and debugging of concurrent programs. These issues are currently being explored. Arcturus, therefore is a platform for experimental exploration of key programming environment issues. This paper focuses primarily on the current system, describing and illustrating some of its components, while issues less fully developed are more briefly described. © 1984 ACM.

关键词： Program debugging

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STRUCTURED OPERATIONAL SEMANTICS AND BISIMULATION AS A CONGRUENCE

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INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION 1992年第2期100卷 202-260页

作者： GROOTE, JF VAANDRAGER, F Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science P.O. Box 4079 100 The research of the authors was supported by ESPRIT Project 432 An Integrated Formal Approach to Industrial Software Development (METEOR) and by RACE Project 1046 Specification and Programming Environment for Communication Software (SPECS).

In this paper we are interested in general properties of classes of transition system specifications in Plotkin style. The discussion takes place in a setting of labelled transition systems. The states of the transition systems are terms generated by a single sorted signature and the transitions between states are defined by conditional rules over the syntax. It is argued that in this setting it is natural to require that strong bisimulation equivalence be a congruence on the states of the transition systems. A general format, called the tyft/tyxt format, is presented for the rules in a transition system specification, such that bisimulation is always a congruence when all the rules fit this format. With a series of examples it is demonstrated that the tyft/tyxt format cannot be generalized in any obvious way. Another series of examples illustrates the usefulness of our congruence theorem. Briefly we touch upon the ❉ of modularity of transition system specifications. It is argued that certain pathological tyft/tyxt rules (the ones which are not pure) can be disqualified because they behave badly with respect to modularization. Next we address the ❉ of full abstraction. We characterize the completed trace congruence induced by the operators in pure tyft/tyxt format as 2-nested simulation equivalence. The pure tyft/tyxt format includes the format given by de Simone (Theoret. Comput. Sci.37, 245–267 (1985)) but is incomparable to the GSOS format of Bloom, Istrail, and Meyer (in“Conference Record of the 15th Annual Symposium on Principles of programming Languages, San Diego, California, 1988,” pp. 229–239). However, it turns out that 2-nested simulation equivalence strictly refines the completed trace congruence induced by the GSOS format.

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STEPS TO AN ADVANCED ADA programming environment.

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IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 1984年第3期SE-11卷 302-310页

作者： Taylor, Richard N. Standish, Thomas A. Univ of California Irvine Programming Environment Project Irvine CA USA Univ of California Irvine Programming Environment Project Irvine CA USA

Conceptual simplicity, tight coupling of tools, and effective support of host-target software development will characterize advanced Ada programming support environments. Several important principles have been demonstrated in the Arcturus system, including template-assisted Ada editing, command completion using Ada as a command language, and combining the advantages of interpretation and compilation. Other principles, relating to analysis, testing, and debugging of concurrent Ada programs, have appeared in other contexts. This paper discusses several of these topics, considers how they can be integrated, and argues for their inclusion in an environment appropriate for software development in the late 1980's.

关键词： COMPUTER programming

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COST-ANALYSIS OF OPTIONAL METHODS OF SHIPBOARD DOMESTIC WASTE-DISPOSAL

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1973年第1期85卷 86-92页

作者： PIERSALL, CH BORGSTRO.RE USN CDR Charles H. Piersall Jr.USN graduated from the New York State Maritime College in 1956 with the Bachelor of Marine Engineer's Degree. He was designated Engineering Duty Officer (1400) in June 1958 and has had numerous engineering and industrial tours of duty. He has a Master's Degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School (1965) and a Master's Degree in Business Administration (Systems Analysis) from the Defense Systems Analysis Program University of Rochester (1970). Upon completion of the latter he was ordered to The Center for Naval Analyses where he served as a cost analyst and shipbuilding/ship repair consultant. Additionally he was Project Officer for the Navy and the Environment Study. His present assignment is Director of Production Test and Integrated Logistic Support—LHA Project Naval Ship Systems Command. He is President of the CNA Sigma Xi Club and is active in the American Society of Naval Engineers. He has published articles in theASME Journal for PowertheJournal of the American Water Works Associationand theNaval Engineers Journal. Mr. Robert E. Borgstrom was graduated from the California State University at Northridge with a B.A. (1969) and an M.A. (1970) in Geography. He was Manager of Programming Services at the Laboratory for the Quantitative Analysis of Environmental and Spatial Systems and is presently with the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations assigned to the Center for Naval Analyses where his work has included studies of the Navy's program for environmental protection.

The problem of sewage and waste disposal from U. S. Navy ships is recognized by the highest authorities in the Navy. Many activities and individuals are deeply involved in the total problem and its numerous subcategories. The problem of costs of disposal is one of these. This paper discusses four optional methods for the disposal of shipboard domestic wastes. The annualized investment and operating costs associated with the implementation of each of the options are presented. The model considers non-nuclear, sea-going surface ships with a manning level greater than 50 men. Estimates were developed on a per ship per class basis and aggregated for the total surface fleet. This approach permits the inevstigation of different combinations of the options by merely specifying the number and type of ships to be considered in any option. Changes in military effectiveness, which is at least an equally important problem as costing, were not addressed.

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RATIONALE FOR AN ADA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING environment FOR NAVY MISSION CRITICAL APPLICATIONS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第4期96卷 133-145页

作者： PAIGE, KK CONVERSE, RA USN LCdr. Kathleen K. Paige USN:graduated with a BA from the University of New Hampshire in 1970. She received her commission from Officer Candidate School in April 1971 and performed her first tour of duty with VFP-63 NAS Miramar. LCdr. Paige then received her MS from the Naval Post Graduate School in June 1976 and returned to San Diego to serve as Head Support Software Division at the Fleet Combat Direction System Support Activity. In May 1981 she reported to NA VSEA (PMS-408) where she served initially as Chairman of the NAVMAT Software Engineering Environment Working Group. She has been assigned as Deputy AN/UYK-43 Acquisition Manager since October 1981. LCdr. Paige was designated a fully qualified Engineering Duty Officer in December 1983. Robert A. Converse:is presently the Acquisition Manager for the Ada Language System/Navy (ALS/N) for the Naval Sea Systems Command Tactical Embedded Computer Resources Project. As such he is responsible for the definition and development of the ALS/N to be provided as a Navy standard computer programming system for Navy mission critical applications. Mr. Converse received a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from Wheaton College Wheaton II. He spent fourteen years with the Naval Underwater Systems Center Newport Rhode Island during which time he designed and developed the Fortran compiler for the Navy Standard AN/UYK-7 computer. Also during that period he received a Master of Science degree in Computer Science from the University of Rhode Island. His thesis for that degree was entitled “Optimization Techniques for the NUSC Fortran Cross-Compiler”. Mr. Converse started his involvement with the Ada program in 1975 with the initial “Strawman” requirements review. Subsequently he was named as the Navy Ada Distinguished Reviewer and was intimately involved in the selection and refinement of the Ada language as it evolved to become ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A.

The U.S. Navy introduced the use of digital computers in mission critical applications over a quarter of a century ago. Today, virtually every system in the current and planned Navy inventory makes extensive use of computer technology. Computers embedded in mission critical Navy systems are integral to our strategic and tactical defense capabilities. Thus, the military power of the U.S. Navy is inextricably tied to the use of programmable digital computers. The computer program is the essential element that embodies the system “intelligence”. In addition, it provides the flexibility to respond to changing threats and requirements. However, this very flexibility and capability poses a host of difficulties hindering full realization of the advantages. This paper describes the lessons learned about computer program development over the past twenty five years and discusses a software engineering process that addresses these lessons. It then describes how Ada and its related Ada programming Support and Run-Time environments foster this software engineering process to improve computer program productivity and achieve greater system reliability and adaptibility. Finally, the paper discusses how the use of Ada and its environments can enhance the interoperability and transferability of computer programs among Navy projects and significantly reduce overall life cycle costs for Navy mission critical computer programs.

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