This paper describes some of the influences contributing to and issues in dealing with the evolution of user interface guidelines over time. In particular, we focus on the evolution of IBM's user interface archite...
This paper describes some of the influences contributing to and issues in dealing with the evolution of user interface guidelines over time. In particular, we focus on the evolution of IBM's user interface architecture, the Common User Access(TM) (CUA(TM)) interface, over a period of six years. Discussed are the key architectural and design elements of the CUA Workplace Model, the fundamental shifts in computer-human interaction that have occurred since the first publication of the guidelines in 1987, and how user interface design, operating systems, and tools have interacted in the evolution of the guidelines. The information should help designers of user interfaces and developers of user interface guidelines to appreciate some of the factors involved in the long-term evolution of a user interface style. The paper provides an introduction to the most recent evolutionary step in the CUA style (the Workplace Model) to help the reader place these factors in perspective relative to the degree of evolutionary change.
A hardware/software co-designed processor transparently supports a ubiquitous ISA (e.g. x86) with diversified and innovative microarchitectural implementations. It leverages co-designed HW features and dynamic binary ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467355254;9781467355247
A hardware/software co-designed processor transparently supports a ubiquitous ISA (e.g. x86) with diversified and innovative microarchitectural implementations. It leverages co-designed HW features and dynamic binary translation (DBT) SW to morph existing binary programs to scale performance and save power. On such systems, the portable bytecode of modern dynamic languages (e.g. Java, JavaScript, etc.) is first translated into the code in the architecture ISA by the just-in-time (JIT) compilation in the bytecode virtual machine, and then into the code in the internal implementation ISA by the DBT. This not only incurs the translation overheads twice, but also brings significant emulation inefficiency as the DBT does not have the high level bytecode information. In this paper, we present AccelDroid, which accelerates the Android Dalvik bytecode execution on the HW/SW co-designed processor through direct bytecode translation in the DBT. Our experiments on a HW/SW co-designed Transmeta Efficeon machine show that AccelDroid can improve performance by 78% and save energy by 40% for the CaffeineMark 3.0 benchmark suite.
This paper discusses the details, insights. and rationale of the Operating System/2(R) (OS/2(R)) Version 2 Workplace Model, an implementation of the user interface defined by the IBM 1991 Common User Access(TM) (CUA(T...
This paper discusses the details, insights. and rationale of the Operating System/2(R) (OS/2(R)) Version 2 Workplace Model, an implementation of the user interface defined by the IBM 1991 Common User Access(TM) (CUA(TM)) guidelines. The Workplace Model is described as an object-oriented user interface where objects represented by icons are manipulated by selection and movement, copying and creation of other objects, and by defining their behavior to accomplish the user's desired task.
Brain tumors are regarded as one of the most lethal, devastating, and aggressive diseases, significantly reducing the life expectancy of affected individuals. For this reason, in pursuit of advancing brain tumor diagn...
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This paper describes some techniques that can be used for Cross System Product/Application Development (CSP/AD) application design. CSP/AD is an application development tool for professional programmers. A well-design...
This paper describes some techniques that can be used for Cross System Product/Application Development (CSP/AD) application design. CSP/AD is an application development tool for professional programmers. A well-designed application is obtained by using proven principles of structured analysis, structured design, and structured programming. An understanding of these principles and the application definition constructs provided by Cross System Product/Application Development is necessary for the CSP/AD application designer. Application design for CSP/AD is accomplished by using a combination of techniques for data design, application design, and application program design. For each of these design techniques there exist formal, accepted practices, and methodologies that may be used. These techniques are described, and methods that have proven successful for designing CSP/AD applications are presented.
This report presents some of the principles underlying the currently projected iswim programming system. In most programming languages the user encounters situations in which he decides whether to write labels and jum...
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A " basic English" to enable editors, writers, librarians, educators, and others to instruct computers to perform mechanical text processing conveniently has been defined (see Tables II to V for partial summ...
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A " basic English" to enable editors, writers, librarians, educators, and others to instruct computers to perform mechanical text processing conveniently has been defined (see Tables II to V for partial summary). It has been given the name SNAP (Stylized Natural Procedural) language for reference. A processor that executes procedures expressed in a subset of this language has worked for some months on several computers. It was used successfully last semester by 40 students with humanities background, in a graduate course in the School of Library Service of Columbia University, for elementary mechanized library and documentation tasks. The processor for the larger subset of the language shown in Tables II to V now works, and is being applied to several practical problems. The processor for the full language is being completed. A SNAP procedure consists of a succession of well-formed English sentences of a few simple types. Most of these begin with imperative verbs that are concerned with input and output operations, and with the manipulation of strings of characters, numbers, and arrays of strings and numbers. Conditional sentences begin with IF. Several constructions that extract and concatenate portions of strings and lists of strings are used in the objects of SNAP sentences. The SNAP processor is written (apart from specialized input-output routines) in FORTRAN IV. It deals directly with some 25 "built-in" verbs, and will allow the user to define further verbs by subroutines that are also written in SNAP.
The share of software in embedded systems has been growing permanently in the recent years. Thus, software architecture as well as its evaluation have become important parts of the development of embedded systems to d...
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Knowledge-based systems technology is a branch of artificial intelligence that deals with the processing of knowledge, as distinct from other branches of artificial intelligence that deal with topics such as robotics,...
Knowledge-based systems technology is a branch of artificial intelligence that deals with the processing of knowledge, as distinct from other branches of artificial intelligence that deal with topics such as robotics, vision systems, and speech recognition. This paper describes how, over the last decade, knowledge-based systems have evolved into a viable technology for building commercial data processing applications, and how increasing attention has been paid to incorporating these applications into commercial data processing environments. A logical conclusion of this direction is the capability to build knowledge-based applications that are full systems Application Architecture™ (SAA™) applications. As this conclusion is approached, a requirement emerges that the knowledge-based development process be integrated with the application development environment provided by the other SAA language and service components. The integrated environment must provide high customer productivity in the development of applications that use knowledge-based technology, and must support a spectrum of development scenarios, ranging from the most basic to those involving complex applications and large development teams. This paper explores how knowledge-based products can address these requirements by integrating their development facilities with AD/Cycle™.
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