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Innovation in Computing and Engineering (ICE), International Conference on

作者： Vinay Kumar Vats Chandra Prakash Amandeep Kaur Rajesh Kumar Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Delhi India Computational Intelligence and Smart Motion Research (CISMR) Lab SVNIT Surat India Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur India Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9798350380460

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380477

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder affecting children’s motor function and posture. Early detection and monitoring of Cerebral palsy is crucial for effective intervention and improved quality of life. Gait analysis is a critical tool for assessing motor function in children with cerebral palsy, often requiring controlled environments and markers for accuracy. Markerless gait analysis has emerged as a promising tool for objectively evaluating gait abnormalities in children with CP. In this study, we propose a markerless methodology utilising pose estimation to analyse gait patterns from sagittal video recordings captured in unconstrained environments. The dataset consists of 49 children, including 10 typically developing children and 39 with cerebral palsy, focusing on side-view videos for the analysis. Given the motor disabilities of these children, conducting gait analysis in a constrained environment can alter their natural walking patterns, making our approach particularly advantageous. Then we identify the key gait events, heel strike and toe-off, to distinguish gait between cycles by tracing knee joint movements. This technique demonstrates the potential for practical, non-invasive gait assessment in natural settings, offering insights into the distinct gait characteristics of children with cerebral palsy compared to their typically developing peers.

关键词： Legged locomotion Neurological diseases Cerebral palsy Technological innovation Pose estimation Motors Motion control Gait recognition Video recording Monitoring

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RDG-TE: Link reliability-aware DRL-GNN-based traffic engineering in SDN

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Expert Systems with Applications 2025年 265卷

作者： Farhan, Muhammad Shah, Nadir Wang, Lei Muntean, Gabriel-Miro Song, Houbing Herbert School of Software Dalian University of Technology Dalian China Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad Wah Campus Pakistan Key Lab of Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province China School of Electronic Engineering Dublin City University Dublin Ireland Department of Information Systems University of Maryland Baltimore United States

The existing advanced machine learning approaches based on Graph Neural Networks (GNN) for efficient traffic engineering (TE) in Software Defined Networking (SDN) overlook consideration of link reliability values. Link reliability is a very important parameter, directly linked to end-to-end delay for data packet transmission, and can be used to improve the delivery performance. This research article proposes two versions of RDG-TE, a novel model that integrates Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) and GNN in order to solve efficiently network TE problems by considering link reliability in both model training and reward computation. The proposed model enables improved performance by more accurately predicting the SDN network behavior in case of link failure. Testing results show that, in comparison to the closest state-of-art approach, our proposed approach reduces the number of disturbed flows by 24.19% and the hop count by 35.38% while also increases the reliable route prediction accuracy by 40.17%. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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A Generalized Pointing Error Model for FSO Links with Fixed-Wing UAVs for 6G: Analysis and Trajectory Optimization

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Moon, Hyung-Joo Chae, Chan-Byoung Wong, Kai-Kit Alouini, Mohamed-Slim Yonsei University School of Integrated Technology Seoul03722 Korea Republic of University College London Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering LondonWC1E 7JE United Kingdom Yonsei University Yonsei Frontier Lab Seoul03722 Korea Republic of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

Free-space optical (FSO) communication is a promising solution to support wireless backhaul links in emerging 6G non-terrestrial networks. At the link level, pointing errors in FSO links can significantly impact capacity, making accurate modeling of these errors essential for both assessing and enhancing communication performance. In this paper, we introduce a novel model for FSO pointing errors in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that incorporates three-dimensional (3D) jitter, including roll, pitch, and yaw angle jittering. We derive a probability density function for the pointing error angle based on the relative position and posture of the UAV to the ground station. This model is then integrated into a trajectory optimization problem designed to maximize energy efficiency while meeting constraints on speed, acceleration, and elevation angle. Our proposed optimization method significantly improves energy efficiency by adjusting the UAV's flight trajectory to minimize exposure to directions highly affected by jitter. The simulation results emphasize the importance of using UAV-specific 3D jitter models in achieving accurate performance measurements and effective system optimization in FSO communication networks. Using our generalized model, the optimized trajectories achieve up to 11.8% higher energy efficiency compared to those derived from conventional Gaussian pointing error models. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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High-resolution simulations of nonlinear electromagnetic turbulence in tokamak devices

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The European Physical Journal Special Topics 2025年 1-14页

作者： Liu, Yanjun Liu, Zixi Liu, Jian Gao, Baofeng Zhang, Wei Xia, Tianyang Liu, Haiqing Zhuang, Ge Gao, Xiang Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Anhui China KTX Laboratory and Department of Engineering and Applied Physics University of Science and Technology of China Anhui China Weihai Institute for Interdisciplinary Research Shandong University Shandong China SDU-ANU Joint Science College Shandong University Shandong China Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputing Center in Jinan) Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China Advanced Algorithm Joint Lab National Supercomputing Center in Jinan Shandong China

To achieve long-pulse steady operation, the physical mechanisms of boundary turbulence need further investigation. We employ the two-fluid model with flute reduction on BOUT++ to simulate the boundary plasma in Tokamaks. The space and time scales of turbulence reproduced by our simulations closely relate to the spatial mesh size and time step size, respectively. As an inherent time scale, the Alfven time is sufficient to resolve MHD instabilities. The spatial scale can be refined by increasing mesh resolutions, which necessitates larger scale parallel computing resources. We have conducted nonlinear simulations using more than 33 million spatial meshes with 16,384 CPU processors in parallel. The results indicate that while the decrease in parallel efficiency with an increase in core numbers does not necessarily lead to shorter runtimes, higher computational complexity improves parallel efficiency for the same number of cores. In addition, the mesh resolution required for convergence conditions differs between linear and nonlinear simulations, with nonlinear simulations demanding higher resolution. Besides finer structure obtained, the fluctuation characteristic of density similar to WCM, which is more consistent with the experimental observation, also shows the requirement for high-resolution meshes and large-scale computing in the future.

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Multilevel Optimization for Large-Scale Hierarchical FPGA Placement

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Journal of computer science & technology 2010年第5期25卷 1083-1091页

作者：戴晖周强边计年 EDA Lab Department of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua University

This paper proposes a multilevel placer targeted at hierarchical FPGA（Field Programmable Gate Array） *** placer is based on multilevel optimization method which combines the multilevel bottom-up clustering process and top-down placement process into a *** provides superior wirelength results over a known heuristic high-quality placement tool on a set of large circuits,when restricted to a short run *** example,it can generate a placement result for a circuit with 5000 4-LUTs（4-Input Look Up Tables） in 70 seconds,almost 30%decrease of wirelength compared with than the heuristic implementation that takes over 500 *** have verified our algorithm yields good quality-time tradeoff results as a low-temperature simulated annealing refinement process can only improve the result by an average of 1.11%at the cost of over 25-fold runtime.

关键词： multilevel optimization large-scale hierarchical FPGA placement

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Practical Quantum Circuit Implementation for Simulating Coupled Classical Oscillators

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Luangsirapornchai, Natt Sanglaor, Peeranat Sornsaeng, Apimuk Bressan, Stéphane Chotibut, Thiparat Suksen, Kamonluk Chongstitvatana, Prabhas Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Chula Intelligent and Complex Systems Lab Department of Physics Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Science Mathematics and Technology Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore School of Computing National University of Singapore 13 Computing Drive Singapore117417 Singapore

Simulating large-scale coupled-oscillator systems presents substantial computational challenges for classical algorithms, particularly when pursuing first-principles analyses in the thermodynamic limit. Motivated by the quantum algorithm framework proposed by Babbush et al. [1], we present and implement a detailed quantum circuit construction for simulating one-dimensional spring-mass systems. Our approach incorporates key quantum subroutines, including block encoding, quantum singular value transformation (QSVT), and amplitude amplification, to realize the unitary time-evolution operator associated with simulating classical oscillators dynamics. In the uniform spring-mass setting, our circuit construction requires a gate complexity of (formula presented), where N is the number of oscillators and Ε is the target accuracy of the approximation. For more general, heterogeneous spring-mass systems, the total gate complexity is O(N log2 N log2(1/Ε)). Both settings require O(log2 N) qubits. Numerical simulations agree with classical solvers across all tested configurations, indicating that this circuit-based Hamiltonian simulation approach can substantially reduce computational costs and potentially enable larger-scale many-body studies on future quantum hardware. © 2025, CC0.

关键词： Hamiltonians

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TSGN: Transaction Subgraph Networks Assisting Phishing Detection in Ethereum

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年

作者： Wang, Jinhuan Chen, Pengtao Xu, Xinyao Wu, Jiajing Shen, Meng Xuan, Qi Yang, Xiaoniu Zhejiang University of Technology Institute of Cyberspace Security College of Information Engineering Hangzhou310023 China ZJUT Binjiang Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hangzhou310056 China Fudan University Adaptive Networks and Control Lab Department of Electronic Engineering School of Information Science and Technology Shanghai200433 China Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou510006 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing100081 China Shenzhen518066 China National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Security Jiaxing314033 China

Due to the decentralized and public nature of the blockchain ecosystem, malicious activities on the Ethereum platform impose immeasurable losses on users. At the same time, the transparency of cryptocurrency transactions provides a unique opportunity to analyze illegal activities, such as phishing scams, from a network perspective. Most existing phishing scam detection methods focus primarily on analyzing account interaction networks, which limits their ability to uncover transaction behavior patterns embedded within transaction interactions. To address this, we construct the Transaction SubGraph Network (TSGN) by using transaction subgraphs as basic elements and further propose a novel framework for Ethereum phishing account detection. Specifically, we rebuild the graph structures via three well-designed mapping mechanisms, yielding TSGN and its two variants, i.e., Directed-TSGN and Temporal-TSGN, to obtain direction-aware and time-aware transfer flow features. By further incorporating the mapping strategy into transaction multidigraphs, we develop the Multiple-TSGN, which could preserve more transaction flow features while concurrently reducing the time consumption of modeling large-scale networks. TSGN models based on transaction subgraph interactions can capture complex higher-order dependencies, which lay beyond the reach of models that exclusively capture pairwise account interactions. As a general framework, our model can incorporate various feature extraction methods to improve the performance of phishing detection. Extensive experimental results on Ethereum datasets show that our method achieves superior performance in phishing detection, yielding 3.27%∼6.71% relative improvement over previous state-of-the-art. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Phishing

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Analyzing Digital Image Anti-Forensics Techniques and Countermeasures

Analyzing Digital Image Anti-Forensics Techniques and Counte...

引用

International Conference on Advanced Communication technology (ICACT)

作者： Saurabh Agarwal Rajeev Kumar Abha Devi Ki-Hyun Jung Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Republic of Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Blockchain Technology Research Lab Delhi Technological University New Delhi India Department of Software Convergence Andong National University Gyeongbuk Republic of Korea Department of English JS(PG) College Sikandrabad Uttar Pradesh India

ISBN: (数字)9791188428137

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507602

With the increasing use of digital media, digital forensics has become a crucial method for ascertaining authenticity and detecting manipulations in images. However, intentional anti-forensic manipulations to hide forensic clues have made verification more difficult. The efforts to develop countermeasures against anti-forensics have contributed to the evolution toward robust techniques in the field of anti-forensics; hence, the development of anti-forensic methods and their respective countermeasures will remain continuous. This work provides a scientometric analysis, a powerful tool for the study of the growth of research output in accordance with time and citation, author, organizational, and keyword co-occurrence analysis. It enhances state-of-the-art analysis by underlining highly influential authors, organizations, and works and stipulates knowledge gaps. This would consequently provide a platform for building a community where insights and inclusiveness among researchers, industry practitioners, and policymakers would all come together to guide their strategies and decisions for innovation in this dynamic field.

关键词： Industries Technological innovation Privacy Image forensics Digital forensics Organizations Media Market research Security Research and development

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Fairness-Aware Incentive Mechanism for Multi-Server Federated Learning in Edge-Enabled Wireless Networks with Differential Privacy

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年

作者： Yang, Yu Peng, Kai Wang, Shangguang Xu, Xiaolong Xiao, Peiyun Leung, Victor C.M Huaqiao University College of Engineering Quanzhou362021 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Software Nanjing China Nanjing University State Key Lab. for Novel Software Technology Nanjing210093 China Shenzhen University College of the Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen518060 China University of British Columbia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada

As a distributed machine learning method, federated learning (FL) can collaboratively train a global model with multiple devices without sharing the original data, thus protecting certain privacy. However, due to the strong heterogeneity of edge nodes (ENs) participating in FL, the quality of data uploaded to the parameter server (PS) varies significantly. Without an appropriate incentive mechanism, low-quality contributors may receive disproportionately high rewards, while high-quality contributors may lack sufficient motivation, leading to inefficient participation and suboptimal global model performance. Consequently, it is critical to develop an effective incentive mechanism to promote fairness for the FL process. To address the issues of existing FL incentive mechanisms lacking privacy protection performance analysis, we propose a fairness-aware incentive mechanism for multi-server FL in edge-enabled wireless differential privacy (DP) networks. Specifically, the wireless channel noise is used to provide DP protection for the local model gradients uploaded by ENs. Next, the interaction between the PSs and ENs is modeled as a Stackelberg game. Furthermore, we solve the Stackelberg game process using backward induction and theoretically propose optimal strategies for both the PSs and ENs. Finally, extensive numerical simulations using real datasets demonstrate the superior performance of our theoretical analysis of the proposed scheme. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Compact Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO System Utilizing ESPAR

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 2025年

作者： Zhang, Chi Shen, Shanpu Li, Hongyu Ma, Dingfei Han, Zixiang Qian, Jun Clerckx, Bruno Murch, Ross Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Broadband Communication Shenzhen518055 China University of Liverpool Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics LiverpoolL69 3GJ United Kingdom Guangzhou511400 China Guangdong University of Technology College of Information Engineering Guangzhou China China Mobile Research Institute Future Research Lab Beijing100053 China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Imperial College London Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Institute for Advanced Study Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong

In this work, we propose a compact millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system utilizing electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR). We analyze the system and channel models for the compact mmWave massive MIMO system using a beamspace formulation and demonstrate that we can optimize the spectral efficiency of the compact mmWave massive MIMO system by jointly adjusting the variable reactive loads in the ESPAR with a digital beamformer. We formulate the compact mmWave massive MIMO system optimization problem to maximize spectral efficiency and propose an unconstrained optimization based algorithm with an initialization method. The spectral and energy efficiencies of the compact mmWave massive MIMO system are evaluated in comparison to conventional mmWave massive MIMO systems of the same antenna size using full-digital, fully-connected hybrid, and partially-connected hybrid beamforming. The results show that the compact mmWave massive MIMO system provides higher spectral efficiency than partially-connected hybrid beamforming. On top of this, it can provide higher energy efficiencies of around 3.21, 2.88, and 1.22 times compared to full-digital, fully-connected hybrid, and partially-connected hybrid beamforming but with lower hardware complexity and lower cost. Therefore, compact mmWave massive MIMO systems are a promising and effective alternative to conventional massive MIMO systems in millimeter wave (mmWave) communications. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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