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Computing infrastructure for big data processing

Frontiers of computer science 2013年第2期7卷 165-170页

作者： Ling LIU Distributed Data Intensive Systems Lab School of Computer Science Georgia Institute of TechnologyUSA Atlanta 30332

With computing systems undergone a fundamen- tal transformation from single-processor devices at the turn of the century to the ubiquitous and networked devices and the warehouse-scale computing via the cloud, the parallelism has become ubiquitous at many levels. At micro level, par- allelisms are being explored from the underlying circuits, to pipelining and instruction level parallelism on multi-cores or many cores on a chip as well as in a machine. From macro level, parallelisms are being promoted from multiple ma- chines on a rack, many racks in a data center, to the glob- ally shared infrastructure of the Internet. With the push of big data, we are entering a new era of parallel computing driven by novel and ground breaking research innovation on elas- tic parallelism and scalability. In this paper, we will give an overview of computing infrastructure for big data processing, focusing on architectural, storage and networking challenges of supporting big data paper. We will briefly discuss emerging computing infrastructure and technologies that are promising for improving data parallelism, task parallelism and encour- aging vertical and horizontal computation parallelism.

关键词： big data cloud computing data analytics elas-tic scalability heterogeneous computing GPU PCM bigdata processing

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Replication-Based Fault-Tolerance for Large-Scale Graph Processing

Replication-Based Fault-Tolerance for Large-Scale Graph Proc...

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International Conference on Dependable systems and Networks (DSN)

作者： Peng Wang Kaiyuan Zhang Rong Chen Haibo Chen Haibing Guan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University

The increasing algorithm complexity and dataset sizes necessitate the use of networked machines for many graph-parallel algorithms, which also makes fault tolerance a must due to the increasing scale of machines. Unfortunately, existing large-scale graph-parallel systems usually adopt a distributed checkpoint mechanism for fault tolerance, which incurs not only notable performance overhead but also lengthy recovery time. This paper observes that the vertex replicas created for distributed graph computation can be naturally extended for fast in-memory recovery of graph states. This paper proposes Imitator, a new fault tolerance mechanism, that supports cheaply maintenance of vertex states by replicating vertex states to their replicas during normal message exchanges, and provides fast in-memory reconstruction of failed vertices from replicas in other machines. Imitator has been implemented by extending Hama, a popular open-source clone of Pregel. Evaluation shows that Imitator incurs negligible performance overhead (less than 5% for all cases) and can recover from failures of more than one million of vertices with less than 3.4 seconds.

关键词： Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems computer crashes Checkpointing Synchronization Clustering algorithms Computational modeling

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Formal model of certificate omission schemes in VANET

Formal model of certificate omission schemes in VANET

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IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)

作者： Michael Feiri Jonathan Petit Frank Kargl Services Cybersecurity and Safety University of Twente The Netherlands Department of Computer Science University College Cork Ireland Institute of Distributed Systems University of Ulm Germany

The benefits of certificate omission schemes in VANET have been so far proven by simulation. However, the research community is lacking of a formal model that would allow implementers and policy makers to select the optimal parameters for such schemes. In this paper, we lay the foundations of the formal model for certificate omission schemes in VANET. We apply the model to `No Omission' and `Periodic Omission', which validates the previous simulation and formulates the optimal parameters for these schemes.

关键词： Communication channels Vehicles Vehicular ad hoc networks Conferences Packet loss Receivers

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Flexible triangular formation keeping of marine robotic vehicles using range measurements 19

Flexible triangular formation keeping of marine robotic vehi...

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19th IFAC World Congress on International Federation of Automatic Control, IFAC 2014

作者： Rego, Francisco Soares, Jorge M. Pascoal, António Aguiar, A. Pedro Jones, Colin Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal Institute of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Distributed Intelligent Systems and Algorithms Laboratory School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula Goa India

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823625

This paper addresses the problem of keeping an autonomous marine vehicle in a moving triangular formation by regulating its position with respect to two leader vehicles. The follower vehicle has no prior knowledge of the path described by the leaders but has access to their heading angle and is able to measure inter-vehicle ranges. It is assumed that the distance between the leaders is constant and known. A control strategy is adopted that generates speed and heading commands so as to drive suitably defined along track and cross track errors to zero. The commands are used as input to local inner loops for yaw and speed control. The paper describes the algorithms derived for range-based control and assesses their performance in simulations using realistic models of the vehicles involved. Tests with three autonomous marine vehicles equipped with acoustic modems and ranging devices allow for the evaluation of the performance of the algorithms in a real-world situation. © IFAC.

关键词： Vehicle performance

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Towards viable certificate-based authentication for the Internet of Things

Towards viable certificate-based authentication for the Inte...

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2013 2nd ACM Workshop on Hot Topics on Wireless Network Security and Privacy, HotWiSec 2013

作者： Hummen, René Ziegeldorf, Jan H. Shafagh, Hossein Raza, Shahid Wehrle, Klaus Communication and Distributed Systems RWTH Aachen University Germany Swedish Institute of Computer Science Kista Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781450320030

The vision of the Internet of Things considers smart objects in the physical world as first-class citizens of the digital world. Especially IP technology and RESTful web services on smart objects promise simple interactions with Internet services in the Web of Things, e.g., for building automation or in e-health scenarios. Peer authentication and secure data transmission are vital aspects in many of these scenarios to prevent leakage of personal information and harmful actuating tasks. While standard security solutions exist for traditional IP networks, the constraints of smart objects demand for more lightweight security mechanisms. Thus, the use of certificates for peer authentication is predominantly considered impracticable. In this paper, we investigate if this assumption is valid. To this end, we present preliminary overhead estimates for the certificate-based DTLS handshake and argue that certificates - with improvements to the handshake - are a viable method of authentication in many network scenarios. We propose three design ideas to reduce the overheads of the DTLS handshake. These ideas are based on (i) pre-validation, (ii) session resumption, and (iii) handshake delegation. We qualitatively analyze the expected overhead reductions and discuss their applicability. Copyright 2013 ACM.

关键词： Internet of things

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CLOUD COMPUTING

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China Communications 2014年第4期11卷 I0001-I0002页

作者：崔勇 Rajkumar Buyya 刘江川 Tsinghua University Network Technology in Institute Tsinghua University IPv6 Transition Softwire WG of IETF Tsinghua University Computer Science and Software Engineering at the University of Melbourne Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems(CLOUDS) Laboratory at the University of Melbourne School of Computing Science at Simon Fraser University

Cloud computing is a novel computing paradigm that utilizes remote cloud resources to achieve a high-performance *** provides infrastructure,platform and software as different on-demand *** has made remarkable progress in cloudbased products and operating system *** government,enterprises and research institutions are all active in the development of cloud computing-related *** the progress,many important

关键词：计算模式性能计算基础设施操作系统科研机构远程软件

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Supporting environmental modelling with Taverna workflows, web services and desktop grid technology 7

Supporting environmental modelling with Taverna workflows, w...

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7th International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software, iEMSs 2014

作者： Horváth, Ferenc Ittzés, Péter Ittzés, Dóra Barcza, Zoltán Dobor, Laura Hidy, Dóra Marosi, Attila Hardisty, Alex Institute of Ecology and Botany Centre for Ecological Research Hungarian Academy of Sciences Alkotmány u. 2-4. Vácrátót2163 Hungary Department of Meteorology Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány sétány 1/A Budapest1117 Hungary Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology Szent Istvan University Páter K. u.1. Gödöllo2100 Hungary Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Systems Institute for Computer Science and Control Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 63 Budapest1518 Hungary School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University Queen's Buildings 5 The Parade Roath CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom

Ecosystem functioning, climate change, and multiple interactions among biogeochemical cycles, climate system, site conditions and land use options are leading-edge topics in recent environmental modelling. Terrestrial ecosystem models are widely used to support carbon sequestration and ecosystem studies under various ecological circumstances. Our team uses the Biome-BGC model (Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, University of Montana), and develops an improved model version of it, called Biome-BGC MuSo. Both the original and the improved model estimate the ecosystem scale storage and fluxes of energy, carbon, nitrogen and water, controlled by various physical and biological processes on a daily time-scale. Web services were also developed and integrated with parallel processing desktop grid technology. Taverna workflow management system was used to build up and carry out elaborated workflows like seamless data flow to model simulation, Monte Carlo experiment, model sensitivity analysis, model-data fusion, estimation of ecosystem service indicators or extensive spatial modelling. Straightforward management of complex data analysis tasks, organized into appropriately documented, shared and reusable scientific workflows enables researchers to carry out detailed and scientifically challenging 'in silico' experiments and applications that could open new directions in ecosystem research and in a broader sense it supports progress in environmental modelling. The workflow approach built upon these web services allows even the most complicated computations to be initiated without the need of programming skills and deep understanding of model structure and initialization. The developments enable a wider array of scientists to perform ecosystem scale simulations, and to perform analyses not previously possible due to high complexity and computational demand.

关键词： Web services

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Supporting customized views for enforcing access control constraints in real-time collaborative web applications

Supporting customized views for enforcing access control con...

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13th International Conference on Web Engineering, ICWE 2013

作者： Gaubatz, Patrick Hummer, Waldemar Zdun, Uwe Strembeck, Mark Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Austria Distributed Systems Group Vienna University of Technology Austria Institute for Information Systems WU Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783642391996

Real-time collaborative Web applications allow multiple users to concurrently work on a shared document. In addition to popular use cases, such as collaborative text editing, they can also be used for form-based business applications that often require forms to be filled out by different stakeholders. In this context, different users typically need to fill in different parts of a form. Role-based access control and entailment constraints provide means for defining such restrictions. Major challenges in the context of integrating collaborative Web applications with access control restrictions are how to support changes of the configuration of access constrained UI elements at runtime, realizing acceptable performance and update behaviour, and an easy integration with existing Web applications. In this paper, we address these challenges through a novel approach supporting constrained and customized UI views that support runtime changes and integrate well with existing Web applications. Using a prototypical implementation, we show that the approach provides acceptable update behaviour and requires only a small performance overhead for the access control tasks with linear scalability. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Access control

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Flexible triangular formation keeping of marine robotic vehicles using range measurements 1

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2014年第3期47卷 5145-5150页

作者： Francisco Rego Jorge M. Soares António Pascoal A. Pedro Aguiar Colin Jones Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal Institute of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Distributed Intelligent Systems and Algorithms Laboratory School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula Goa India

关键词： Autonomous Vehicles Marine systems Control Laws Formation Control Station Keeping Triangular Formations

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X10-FT: Transparent fault tolerance for APGAS language and runtime

X10-FT: Transparent fault tolerance for APGAS language and r...

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2013 International Workshop on programming Models and Applications for Multicores and Manycores, PMAM 2013

作者： Xie, Chenning Hao, Zhijun Chen, Haibo Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems School of Software Shanghai Jiao Tong University China School of Computer Science Fudan University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450319089

The emergence of multicore machines has made exploiting parallelism a necessity to harness the abundant computing resources in both a single machine and clusters. This, however, may hinder programming productivities as threaded and distributed programming is hard to use correctly and concurrency/distributed bugs are hard to spot. Asynchronous partitioned global address space (APGAS) model is a programming model aiming at unifying programming for multicore and clusters at good productivity. Unfortunately, the current implementation of APGAS programming model lacks support for fault tolerance and a single transient failure may render hours to months of computation useless. In this paper, we make the first attempt to add fault tolerance support to APGAS programming models by integrating advances in fault-tolerant distributed systems to an APGAS language called X10. We thoroughly analyze the feasibility of providing fault tolerance for X10. Based on the analysis, we design and implement a fault-tolerance framework called X10-FT that leverages advances in distributed systems like distributed file systems and PAXOS, as well as specific solutions based on the characteristics of the APGAS model to make checkpoints and consensus, which allows transparently handling machine failures in different granularities. Using the features of the APGAS model, we extend the X10 compiler to automatically locate execution point to checkpoint program states without intervention from the user. We also provide a preliminary evaluation show the cost of providing fault-tolerance in X10-FT. © 2013 ACM.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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