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Indoor Air Quality in Kindergartens in Poland

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第9期471卷

作者： Ewa Zender - Swiercz Marek Telejko Kielce University of Technology Faculty of Environmental Geomatics and Energy Engineering Department of Building Physics and Renewable Energy Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7 25 – 314 Kielce Poland Kielce University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Department of Technology and Organization of Construction Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7 25 – 314 Kielce Poland

The universal ventilation system in Polish kindergartens is the natural ventilation system. This is due to the fact that these buildings are several or even several dozen years old. National regulation for natural ventilation define only general guidelines. There are in the legislation acts only the permissible tightness of the building joinery and the minimum value of the air infiltrate to the rooms. The amount of air is constant regardless of the room's purpose or the number of people staying in them. Over the last decade, in such buildings incomplete thermomodernization treatments were carried out, as a result of which the inflow of air to the rooms was most often limited, and thus the indoor air quality decreased. While, the low indoor air quality may lead not only to the poor well-being of users, but also to low efficiency of work and insufficient learning of new messages. This problem is extremely important in the case of a group of people who are not be able to determine the requirements in relation to IAQ. As has been shown in the Scandinavian countries, in the rooms where children are staying there the proper ventilation system several times reduces the chance of allergic symptoms. At the same time, research carried out in Denmark showed that the low indoor air quality in school premises negatively affects the learning efficiency of children. That is why it is extremely important to ensure proper microclimate conditions in the rooms where the youngest children are staying. The article presents the results of research on the indoor air quality (IAQ) in 4 kindergartens in Poland, located in the city with 200,000 inhabitants. The buildings in which research was carried out were built in the years 1970-1993 and were equipped with a gravity ventilation system. The analysis covered the variability of the basic parameters describing the indoor air quality, i.e. temperature, relative humidity and concentration of carbon dioxide.

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Barriers and facilitators for BIM use among Swedish medium-sized contractors - “We wait until someone tells us to use it”

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Visualization in engineering 2017年第1期5卷 1-12页

作者： Bosch-Sijtsema, Petra Isaksson, Anders Lennartsson, Martin Linderoth, Henrik C. J. Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering division Construction Management Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg SE-412 96 Sweden Department of Technology Management and Economics division of Innovation and R&D Management Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg SE-412 96 Sweden Jönköping University School of Engineering P.O. Box 1026 Jönköping SE-551 11 Sweden

Background: The pace of diffusion of BIM (Building Information Modelling) use is considered to increase with governmental initiatives in which public clients in countries like Finland, Singapore, United Kingdom, and Sweden begin requiring BIM as a part of the project delivery. Currently, larger contractor firms use BIM to a certain extent. However, BIM use by mid-sized contractor firms (that is, firms with 50–500 employees that can successfully compete with larger contractors on projects costing a maximum of 50 million Euros) is relatively unknown. Hence, the aim of the paper is to explore current use and perceived constraints and driving forces of BIM-implementation with respect to mid-sized contractors. Methods: A mixed method approach was applied, and data was collected through an interview study and a survey involving chief executive officers or their closest sub-ordinates in mid-sized contractor firms in Sweden. The survey was based on a technology-, organization-, and environment framework that is used in information systems research to study the use of inter-organizational information systems. The total population of firms in the survey corresponded to 104. The study presented the preliminary results based on 32 answers (with a 31% response rate). Results: Fifty-eight percent of the surveyed respondents stated that they had been involved in a project in which BIM was used in some manner. The most commonly used application included visualization, which also facilitates coordination and communication. The biggest perceived constraints involved partners that did not use BIM, lack of demand from clients, and the absence of internal demand in the company. With respect to the two last obstacles, significant differences existed between users and non-users. The most common perceived driving forces included the fact that BIM is perceived as a means to follow technical development and that BIM provides competitive advantages to the company. Conclusions: It is concluded

关键词： Adoption BIM Implementation Medium-sized contractors Sweden Use

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Forecasting demand for on demand mobility 17th

Forecasting demand for on demand mobility

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17th AIAA Aviation technology, Integration, and Operations Conference, 2017

作者： Garrow, Laurie A. Ilbeigi, Mohammad Chen, Ziran School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 790 Atlantic Drive AtlantaGA30332 United States School of Building Construction Georgia Institute of Technology 280 Ferst Drive AtlantaGA30332 United States School of Computational Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 266 Ferst Drive AtlantaGA30332 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781624105081

On-demand mobility (ODM) for inter-urban and intra-urban applications effectively represents a new mode of travel. The implication is that traditional approaches for estimated demand based on historical data for general aviation or large commercial air operations may not adequately represent the true demand for ODM solutions. What is needed is new information about the willingness of the traveling public to accept this novel transportation mode in comparison to, or in concert with, alternate modalities and about their corresponding sensitivities to ticket pricing. To address this research question, we have been conducting online surveys and focus groups to better understand demand for ODM solutions. This paper presents our methodological approach and preliminary results obtained through focus groups and online surveys. © 2017, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surveys

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Torsional vibration of a pipe pile in transversely isotropic saturated soil

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Earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2016年第3期15卷 509-517页

作者： Zheng Changjie Hua Jianmin Ding Xuanming College of Civil Engineering Chongqing University Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education

This study considers the torsional vibration of a pipe pile in a transversely isotropic saturated soil layer. Based on Biot＇s poroelastic theory and the constitutive relations of the transversely isotropic medium, the dynamic governing equations of the outer and inner transversely isotropic saturated soil layers are derived. The Laplace transform is used to solve the governing equations of the outer and inner soil layers. The dynamic torsional response of the pipe pile in the frequency domain is derived utilizing 1D elastic theory and the continuous conditions at the interfaces between the pipe pile and the soils. The time domain solution is obtained by Fourier inverse transform. A parametric study is conducted to demonstrate the influence of the anisotropies of the outer and inner soil on the torsional dynamic response of the pipe pile.

关键词： torsional vibration saturated soil pipe pile transversely isotropic medium

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A Method of Identifying Critical Road Segment: A Case Study of Peninsular Malaysia Road Network

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期479卷

作者： Amir A. Redzuan Aznah Nor Anuar Rozana Zakaria Eeydzah Aminudin Norbazlan M. Yusof Amirul Hakim Jamil Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra 54100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia School of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia. Construction Research Centre Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia PLUS Berhad Persada PLUS Subang Interchange KM15 New Klang Valley Expressway 47301 Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia Department of Architecture Faculty of Built Environment & Surveying Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia.

The resiliency of transportation infrastructures has been a major concern for the continuity of road services. In order to assess these issues, road network analysis is crucial to investigate the functioning of the existing road network and pinpoint each critical road segment. This enables early preparation for road operators and planners to focus on the road segment user most dependent on of which will be impacted most in case of disruption. This paper aims to introduce a method integrating different network analyses using a combination of three measures namely road segment length, betweenness centrality, and road density to identify critical road segments. The result shows the relationship between the different modes proposed with respect to the topological data implemented and concluded as the critical value of each road segment. This paper also includes the application of the methodology in a national scale region of Peninsular Malaysia road network.

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Big Data in Building Energy Efficiency: Understanding of Big Data and Main Challenges

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Procedia engineering 2017年 172卷 544-549页

作者： Natalija Koseleva Guoda Ropaite Faculty of Civil Engineering Department of Construction Technology and Management Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Sauletekio al. 11 10223 Vilnius

Data generation has increased drastically over the past few years. Data management has also grown in importance because extracting the significant value out of a huge pile of raw data is of prime important thing to make different decisions. One of the important sectors nowadays is construction sector, especially building energy efficiency field. Collecting big amount of data, using different kinds of big data analysis can help to improve construction process from the energy efficiency perspective. This article reviews the understanding of Big Data, methods used for Big Data analysis and the main problems with Big Data in the field of energy.

关键词： Energy Efficiency Big Data Characteristics of Big Data Big Data analysis construction Web of Science

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A Global Registration Algorithm of the Single-Closed Ring Multi-Stations Point Cloud

A Global Registration Algorithm of the Single-Closed Ring Mu...

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The ISPRS Technical Commission III Midterm Symposium on "Developments, Technologies and Applications in Remote Sensing"

作者： Ronghua Yang Leixilan Pan Zejun Xiang Huaien Zeng School of Civil Engineering Chongqing University Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education Chongqing Survey Institute Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based Monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering China Three Gorges University Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area (China Three Gorges University) Ministry of Education

Aimed at the global registration problem of the single-closed ring multi-stations point cloud, a formula in order to calculate the error of rotation matrix was constructed according to the definition of error. The global registration algorithm of multi-station p oint cloud was derived to minimize the error of rotation matrix. And fast-comp uting formulas of transformation matrix with whose imp lementation step s and simulation exp eriment scheme was given. Comp ared three different p rocessing schemes of multi-station p oint cloud, the exp erimental results showed that the effectiveness of the new global registration method was verified, and it could effectively comp lete the global registration of p oint cloud.

关键词： Terrestrial laser scanning Multi-stations registration ICP Global registration Single-Closed Ring Point Cloud

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The Water Absorption Properties of SAP and Its Effects on the Rheological Properties of High Performance Cement-based Materials

The Water Absorption Properties of SAP and Its Effects on th...

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第九届水泥混凝土国际会议

作者： Jianhui LIU Caijun SHI Xianwei MA College of Civil Engineering Hunan University Key Laboratory for Green & Advanced Civil Engineering Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province Henan University of Urban Construction

SAP could be used as internal curing agent and effectively restrain the autogenous of high performance cement-based materials（HPC）.The process of SAP absorbing and releasing water changes the rheology of cement-based material,while the particle size of SAP has a great effect on this *** effects of different particle size distribution of SAP on the plastic viscosity and yield strength,of HPC,in the shear rate of 0-100 s and static within 80 min,were studied in this *** results show that SAP with large sizes causes the maximum yield stress and plastic viscosity to increase rapidly at the initial stage,and then makes the properties begin to reduce;when SAP with small sizes is more added,the phenomenon also *** phenomenon is closely related to the absorbing and releasing water dynamics of different size *** increase in the particle size of SAP,the time of absorbing water becomes long,the early plastic viscosity increases;moreover the time of releasing water is also prolonged,and plastic viscosity and at later stage is *** changes in absorbing and releasing water dynamics of different particle size SAP also a certain relation with the effect of grinding on SAP structure.

关键词： SAP High performance cement-based materials Absorption Rheology

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Advanced procedure for estimation of pipeline embedment on soft clay seabed

Advanced procedure for estimation of pipeline embedment on s...

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作者： Yu, S.Y. Choi, H.S. Park, K.S. Kim, Y.T. Kim, D.K. Ocean and Ship Technology Deepwater Technology Mission Oriented Research Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar Perak32610 Malaysia Graduate School of Engineering Mastership Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Steel Structure Research Group POSCO Global RandD Center Incheon21985 Korea Republic of Environmental and Plant Engineering Research Team Daewoo Institute of Construction Technology Suwon16297 Korea Republic of

In the present study, the advanced procedure has been proposed to estimate higher accuracy of embedment of pipes that are installed on soft clay seabed. Numerical simulation by OrcaFlex simulation code was performed to investigate dynamics eabed embedment, and two steps, i.e., static and dynamic analysis, were adopted. In total, four empirical curves were developed to estimate the seabed embedment including dynamic phenomena, i.e., behaviour of vessel, environmental condition, and behaviour of nonlinear soil. The obtained results were compared with existing methods (named general method) such as design code or guideline to examine the difference of seabed embedment for existing and advance methods. Once this process was carried out for each case, a diagram for estimating seabed embedment was established. The applicability of the proposed method was verified through applied examples with field survey data. This method will be very useful in predicting seabed embedment on soft clay, and the structural behaviours of installed subsea pipelines can be changed by the obtained seabed embedment in association with on-bottom stability, free span, and many others. Copyright © 2017 Techno-Press, Ltd.

关键词： Pipelines

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Study of Residential Thermal Transfer Values (RTTV) and Vertical Daylight Factor (VDF) for Hong Kong

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期556卷

作者： Ernest K. W. Tsang Danny H. W Li Department of Construction Technology and Engineering Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong 20A Tsing Yi Road New Territories Hong Kong SAR China Building Energy Research Group Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China

In Hong Kong, over one-quarter of the total electricity use was consumed by residential buildings. Recently, the Hong Kong Government issued a practice note namely Design and construction Requirements for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings. This practice note set out the Residential Thermal Transfer Values (RTTV) of building envelopes. To enhance energy efficiency of residential buildings, the RTTV of wall (RTTVwall) and roof (RTTVroof) should not exceed 14 and 4 W/m2, respectively. Being one of the most densely populated cities in the world, most of building developments in Hong Kong are high-rise blocks located in densely built zones. The shading effects due to surrounding buildings could substantially restrict the diffuse light coming from the sky. In 2003, a practice note on lighting and ventilation requirements was issued. Referring to the performance-based approach, the note adopted the vertical daylight factor (VDF) to specify the daylighting performance of the building. The VDF should not be less than 8% for habitable rooms and 4% for domestic kitchens. This paper presents the energy performance of recently designed building fulfills the RTTV requirements. It found that VDF is a good indicator to shows the lighting elecricty consumption in buildings. For most of the bedroom, about 40% of air conditioning and 3 % lighting energy can be saved.

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