A unified plastic modulus parameter for the bounding surface plasticity model is introduced in order to maintain the identical responses of modeling for both the two-dimensional and three-dimensional stress space with...
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A unified plastic modulus parameter for the bounding surface plasticity model is introduced in order to maintain the identical responses of modeling for both the two-dimensional and three-dimensional stress space with the same model parameters. Also discussed are the influences of the plastic modulus parameter on the stress-strain relationship and the plastic modulus. The model is more sensitive in modeling the stress strain responses when the plastic modulus parameter is small. The plastic modulus parameter has a great influence on the magnitude of the plastic modulus, especially at the initial loading stage. The plastic modulus asymptotically tends to zero at the end of loading.
This paper discusses the possibility of studying composite materials by non-destructive laser-ultrasonic testing technique. Concrete samples and carbon-epoxy composites were examined, defects located and elastic wave ...
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It is essential to create a comfortable and healthy indoor microclimate in order to assure proper conditions for work or recreation as people are spending 80-90% of their life in buildings. Therefore the building perf...
It is essential to create a comfortable and healthy indoor microclimate in order to assure proper conditions for work or recreation as people are spending 80-90% of their life in buildings. Therefore the building performance can help in achieving such sustainable living area, but also one should look into at other sources of temperature and humidity generators such as occupants' habits. Based on gathered data from observed apartments an insight into preliminary analysis of indoor temperatures and humidity in urban social housing is given. The analysis of the results confirm the set hypotheses that the occupants' habit significantly influence the indoor temperatures and humidity in urban social housing.
Population grows fastest in the world's urban and metropolitan cities, the number of inhabitants in so-called metropolitan cities and in urban and suburban zones are expanding into the surrounding natural landscap...
Population grows fastest in the world's urban and metropolitan cities, the number of inhabitants in so-called metropolitan cities and in urban and suburban zones are expanding into the surrounding natural landscape. Consequence of these changes is the gradual displacement of natural greenery and nature from cities and newly created residential satellites designed to build residential and public amenities. In recent years, is more commonly used sustainable development phenomenon which has become as a responding trend to of cities and municipalities and the implementation of so-called urban gardens intended for growing crops within the communities of the population. In view of mentioned facts the presented article focuses on ecological urban agriculture in terms of the main components of sustainability as an element contributing to the sustainable development of cities and suburban zones.
Over recent years farming has undergone fundamental changes and many aspects of the industry, including farm buildings, have been transformed thereby. Modern farm buildings are large and as cheap and maintenance free ...
Over recent years farming has undergone fundamental changes and many aspects of the industry, including farm buildings, have been transformed thereby. Modern farm buildings are large and as cheap and maintenance free as possible reflecting the need for better performance and greater efficiency. These modern buildings however are much larger than traditional buildings and are constructed of materials which are not only artificial and 'foreign' to the area but are also very light coloured. As a result, modern economic buildings are characterized by specific features as traditional construction. Response to this trend are the modern methods of construction based on wood offering effective procedures (design and implementation of construction), resulting in a larger volume of products (production), with higher quality and with shorter time of their purchase. The aim of this paper is to present selected aspects of agricultural construction and their application at present.
This paper describes the soil-structure interaction effects in the case of the NPP main buildings with reactor VVER-1200/491 PWR. The simplified 1D and numerical 3D FE models of the subsoil are presented. The main rea...
This paper describes the soil-structure interaction effects in the case of the NPP main buildings with reactor VVER-1200/491 PWR. The simplified 1D and numerical 3D FE models of the subsoil are presented. The main reason of this methodology is proposed the frequency dependent complex function or as a spring-dashpot system, with the spring becoming negative for certain frequencies, which cannot be directly implemented in standard structural analysis codes. The methodology of the calculation of the impedance functions due to dynamic excitation are considered.
Literature often concludes that the lower mechanical properties of recycled concrete, compared to standard concrete, is unfavourable for the durability in aggrebive environments. The agricultural industry is an enviro...
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Locally available soils with high percentage of fine content (referred to as marginal fills) have been frequently used as alternative backfills for geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) structures in areas where granular...
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Locally available soils with high percentage of fine content (referred to as marginal fills) have been frequently used as alternative backfills for geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) structures in areas where granular materials are not readily available. However, it has been reported that the low draining capacity of marginal soils compromised the performance of reinforced walls upon rainfall infiltration. Considerable cares therefore should be taken when selecting such soils as backfills to avoid the buildup of porewater pressure within reinforced zone. In this study, numerical analyses, considering the combined effect of backfill (i.e., sand silt, and clay), and reinforcement types (i.e., geogrid or nonwoven geotextile), were performed to investigate the hydraulic response and stability of GRS slopes subject to rainfalls. The backfills were modeled using three soil-water characteristic curves (SWCCs) representing the general suction range associated with sand, silt and clay. The numerical results reveal the loss of matric suction and development of capillary barrier effect within clay backfills could have negative impacts on both the global and local stabilities of reinforced clay slopes. The contribution of matric suction to enhancing slope stability is high initially for reinforced clay slopes. However, the stability of the reinforced clay slope decreases substantially due to the loss of matric suction as the rainfall infiltration proceeds. The local instability of geotextile-reinforced slope with clay backfill occurred due to the capillary barrier effect at the geotextile-clay interface. Both the global and local stability of reinforced slope with sand backfill shows little influence by the loss of matric suction induced by the rainfall infiltration and by the geosynthetic type (with and without drainage function). Findings of this study can help develop improved methodologies for the analysis and design of reinforced soil structures constructed with marginal s
One of the main causes of pavement rutting is the repetitive action of traffic loads which results in the accumulation of permanent deformations. As a result, it is important to understand the characteristics of the p...
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One of the main causes of pavement rutting is the repetitive action of traffic loads which results in the accumulation of permanent deformations. As a result, it is important to understand the characteristics of the permanent deformation behavior of asphalt mixes under repeated loading and to build the accurate mix model before they are placed in roadways. This study proposed a hybrid computational intelligence system named SOSLSSVM for modelling the permanent pavement deformation behavior of asphalt mixtures. The SOSLSSVM fuses Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) and Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS). LSSVM is employed for establishing the relationship model between the flow number, which is obtained from the laboratory test, and the parameters of the asphalt mix design. SOS is used to find the best LSSVM tuning parameters. A total 118 historical cases were used to establish the intelligence prediction model. Obtained results validate the ability of SOS-LSSVM to model the pavement rutting behavior of asphalt mixture with a relatively high accuracy measured by four error indicators. Therefore, the proposed computational intelligence systems can offer a high benefit for road designers and engineers in decision-making processes.
Quantitative approaches are very useful tools in forecasting purposes among the hydrologists for enhanced decision making. Modelling accuracy is also another important aspect in selecting an appropriate forecasting te...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789881925305
Quantitative approaches are very useful tools in forecasting purposes among the hydrologists for enhanced decision making. Modelling accuracy is also another important aspect in selecting an appropriate forecasting technique. Compared to other regions, South Australia's seasonal rainfall forecasting models were not very accurate and satisfactory in regards to their forecasting skills. Past studies conducted on South Australia's rainfall variability have mostly used the linear methods and showed very low rainfall predictability through the individual effects of the concurrent climate predictors. Previous research had not considered the interactions/effects of multiple combinations (more than two) of the climate modes at a time in order to forecast rainfall across South Australia (SA). Moreover, lagged-time influences of the potential climate indices on rainfalls were ignored. Therefore, SA has been chosen as a case study to fill up the present research gap. The relationships among the rainfall and climate predictors are not linear;therefore in order to improve the predictability of rainfall multivariate non-linear Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) technique was used in this study. Seasonal rainfall is being forecasted with the effect of past values of the potential climate predictors such as EI Nino southern Oscillation (ENSO), Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) by developing non-linear ANN models. The non-linear artificial intelligence technique, ANN has already been proved superior compared to other techniques in other regions of Australia. However, previously it has not been attempted for SA. In order to compare the forecasting ability by the ANN models, Multiple Linear Regression (MR) models were developed as a benchmark. Results revealed the superiority of multivariate non-linear ANN over traditional linear MR methods for seasonal rainfall forecasting by considering the effects of climate variables.
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