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Fishers' interactions with endangered "rhinorays" in Karimunjawa National Park, and factors influencing willingness to engage in pro-conservation behavior

CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE

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CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2025年第4期7卷

作者： Alghozali, Faqih Akbar Hanifah, Ashma Gustianto, Muhammad Wiralaga Dwi Nadia, Maula Qur'rohman, Taufiq Niloperbowo, Kinanti Amalia Suyanto, Diah P. Ichsan, Muhammad Prasetyo, Andhika Himawan, Mahardika Rizqi Booth, Hollie Yayasan Hiu Pari Lestari Elasmobranch Project Indonesia Banten Indonesia Diponegoro Univ Fac Fisheries & Marine Sci Dept Fishery Prod Technol Central Java 50275 Indonesia Diponegoro Univ Dept Marine Sci Fac Fisheries & Marine Sci Central Java Indonesia Karimunjawa Natl Pk Management Off Central Java Indonesia Yayasan Impak Laut Biru Indonesia Impact Blue Sea Fdn Java Indonesia Univ Sunshine Coast Sippy Downs Australia Natl Res & Innovat Agcy Res Ctr Conservat Marine & Inland Water Resources Jakarta Indonesia Univ Mataram Fac Agr Fisheries & Marine Sci Dept Marine Sci Program Mataram Indonesia Univ Oxford Dept Biol Oxford England Biodivers Consultancy Cambridge England

The "rhinorays" (giant guitarfish-Glaucostegidae and wedgefish-Rhinidae) are a critically endangered group of "shark-like rays," which have experienced steep global population declines in the past decade due to overfishing. Their slow life histories and high market value increase the risk of trade-driven extinction and lead to trade-offs between conservation objectives and fishers' economic objectives. As such, it is important to understand the social and ecological dimensions of risk to rhinorays to identify feasible conservation interventions. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 162 small-scale fishers in Karimunjawa National Park (KJNP), Indonesia. We collected data on fisher interactions with rhinorays, the technical and socio-economic characteristics of the fisheries, key risks to rhinorays, and potential leverage points for management, including feasible pro-conservation actions that fishers could engage in. We then constructed a linear model to identify socio-demographic predictors of fishers' stated willingness to engage in pro-conservation actions for rhinorays (specifically, willingness to release), to inform the design of future interventions. Our results indicate that socio-economic factors-fishers' perceived income contribution from catches of rhinorays and formal education levels-were significant predicators of fishers' willingness to release rhinorays. In contrast, awareness of rhinorays threat status was not a significant predictor. These findings are a first step toward understanding barriers and opportunities for engaging fishers in rhinorays conservation in KJNP. Our findings and recommendations also offer lessons learned for other marine conservation interventions at the intersection between small-scale fisheries management, marine protected areas, and marine megafauna conservation.

关键词： behavior conservation fisheries guitarfish Indonesia Karimunjawa national park rhinorays shark wedgefish

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Contributions of entrepreneurial orientation in the use of agile methods in project management

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INNOVATION & management REVIEW 2021年第1期18卷 17-33页

作者： Garcia, Vanessa Mesquita Blas Martens, Cristina Dai Pra Carvalho, Rodrigo Baroni Martens, Mauro Luiz Nove Julho Univ UNINOVE DBA & Master Program Project Management Sao Paulo Brazil Pontificia Univ Catolica Minas Gerais PPGA Post Grad Adm Belo Horizonte MG Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Dept Prod Engn Polytech Sch Sao Paulo Brazil

Purpose - This paper aims to analyze the degree of contribution of the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of organizations in the use of agile methods (AM) in project management. Design/methodology/approach - A quantitative approach with the application of a survey with project professionals resulted in 206 valid answers. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and the method of partial least squares (PLS). Findings - The results present empirical evidence of the significant contribution of EO in the use of AM in project management, confirming the main hypothesis of this study. This effect was not influenced by the control variables tested. Research limitations/implications - This study contributes to the development of research on AM and minimizes the literature gap on the connection between entrepreneurship and AM. The results are limited to the sample. Studies with broader samples and different segments are suggested, as well as the contribution of each dimension of the EO to AM. Practical implications - Innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, autonomy and competitive aggressiveness (EO dimensions) can contribute to the use of AM and guide actions to develop these behaviors, pursuing better adherence to agile values and the use of AM in project management. Originality/value - The originality of this study regarding the connection between EO and AM lies on the presentation of a theoretical model of this relationship and reduces the gap in this research field. Given the degree of EO contribution in AM (19.7%), there are other factors that affect the use of AM in project management that should be investigated.

关键词： Entrepreneurial orientation project management Agile methods SCRUM

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Establishing the Safe Space via Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Modeling. Case Study: Fevipiprant/QAW039

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AAPS JOURNAL 2023年第1期25卷 1-14页

作者： Kourentas, Alexandros Gajewska, Monika Lin, Wen Dhareshwar, Sundeep S. S. Steib-Lauer, Caroline Kulkarni, Swarupa Hirsch, Stefan Heimbach, Tycho Mueller-Zsigmondy, Martin Novartis AG Dissolut & Biopharmaceut Tech Res & Dev Analyt Res & Dev CH-4056 Basel Switzerland Novartis AG Novartis Inst Biomed Res Pharmacokinet Sci Translat Med CH-4056 Basel Switzerland Novartis Pharmaceut Novartis Inst Biomed Res Pharmacokinet Sci Translat Med One Hlth Plaza E Hanover NJ 07936 USA Sanofi PK PD Grp Pharmacokinet Dynam & Metab Bridgewater NJ USA Novartis Pharmaceut Global Program Management Global Drug Dev E Hanover NJ 07936 USA Novartis AG Analyt Res & Dev Tech Res & Dev CH-4056 Basel Switzerland Novartis AG Tech Portfolio & Project Management Global Drug Dev Tech Res & Dev CH-4056 Basel Switzerland Merck & Co Inc Sterile & Specialty Prod Biopharmaceut Rahway NJ 07065 USA

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic and absorption modeling has increasingly been implemented for biopharmaceutics applications to define the safe space for drug product quality attributes such as dissolution. For fevipiprant/QAW039, simulations were performed to assess the impact of in vitro dissolution on the in vivo performance of immediate-release film-coated tablets during development and scaling up to commercial scale. A fevipiprant dissolution safe space was established using observed clinical intravenous and oral PK data from bioequivalent and non-bioequivalent formulations. Quality control dissolution profiles with tablets were used as GastroPlus (TM) model inputs to estimate the in vivo dissolution in the gastrointestinal tract and to simulate human exposure. The model was used to evaluate the intraluminal performance of the dosage forms and to predict the absorption rate limits for the 450 mg dose. The predictive model performance was demonstrated for various oral dosage forms (150-500 mg), including the non-bioequivalent batches in fasted healthy adults. To define the safe space at 450 mg, simulations were performed using theoretical dissolution profiles. A specification of Q = 80% dissolved in 60 min or less for an immediate-release oral solid dosage form reflected the boundaries of the safe space. The dissolution profile of the 450 mg commercial scale batch was within a dissolution region where bioequivalence is anticipated, not near an edge of failure for dissolution, providing additional confidence to the proposed acceptance criteria. Thus, the safe space allowed for a wider than 10% dissolution difference for bioequivalent batches, superseding f(2) similarity analyses.

关键词： fevipiprant GastroPlus (TM) PBBM safe space twin-screw melt granulation

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Whose Kids Did You Eat? Genetic Identification of Species and Parents of Larval Lampreys in Fish Predator Guts

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TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY 2021年第5期150卷 551-559页

作者： Arakawa, Hiroaki Lampman, Ralph T. Hess, Jon E. Ishikawa Prefectural Univ Div Sci Bioprod & Environm 1-308 Suematsu Nonoichi Ishikawa 9218836 Japan Pacific Lamprey Project Yakama Nat Dept Nat Resources Fisheries Resource Management Program POB 151 Toppenish WA 98948 USA Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss 700 Northeast Multnomah StSuite 1200 Portland OR 97232 USA

The Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus is an important species both ecologically and culturally, but their population numbers and range have declined severely in the past several decades in the Columbia Basin. In freshwater ecosystems, larval lampreys are candidate prey species for many fish predators, but little is known regarding the magnitude of predation they currently experience. Predation on larval Pacific Lampreys may be substantially underestimated by morphological gut content analysis because their soft bodies are quickly digested and leave no hard evidence, such as bones and scales. We conducted an experimental predation study and analyzed larval Pacific Lampreys in the gut contents of predators' digestive tracts via both morphological and molecular methods. Whereas most consumed larval lampreys (67-100%) were morphologically unidentifiable within two nights, genetic species identification rates using four single nucleotide polymorphisms from stomachs were high (83%). The single nucleotide polymorphisms optimized for parentage in Pacific Lamprey also successfully identified the parents of four out of five Pacific Lampreys with complete genotypes. When a genetic baseline of candidate parents is available, this molecular technique using parentage-based tagging offers a novel method for determining precise characteristics of predation behavior in field studies, including the ages and natal origins of larvae being consumed.

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Neutronic Analysis of Accident-Tolerant Cladding Materials in 3D Full Core BEAVRS PWR Benchmark Using OpenMC Code

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH 2024年第1期2024卷

作者： Alamri, Khalid A. Alqahtani, Meshari M. Alomari, Abdullah S. Almarshad, Abdullah I. King Saud Univ Coll Engn Nucl Engn Program Riyadh 12372 Saudi Arabia King Saud Univ KA CARE Energy Res & Innovat Ctr Riyadh 11421 Saudi Arabia King Abdullah City Renewable & Atom Energy KA CARE Engn & Project Management Sect Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz City Sci & Technol KACST Nucl Technol Inst Riyadh 11442 Saudi Arabia

After the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident in 2011, the performance of nuclear fuel during accidents became a matter of great concern. To address this, a new type of fuel technology called accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) has been developed with the goal of enhancing the ability of light water reactors (LWRs) to withstand severe accident conditions. Iron-based alloys have been suggested as potential candidates for fuel cladding due to their favourable thermomechanical properties, lower reactivity with steam, and lower hydrogen generation. This study evaluates the neutronic performance of C26M (a 2nd generation nuclear grade FeCrAl alloy), APMT (TM), 310SS, and 304SS cladding materials by comparing them with Zircaloy-4 cladding in a 3D PWR core at the beginning of the cycle (BOC) using OpenMC code. The results revealed that the neutronic penalty varied for different alternative cladding materials where C26M exhibited the lowest neutronic penalty value of -12551 pcm, while 310SS demonstrated the highest with a value of -17855 pcm. Additionally, important parameters in the reactor core such as neutron spectrum, reactivity coefficients, boron worth, control rod bank worth, power distribution, and radial thermal neutron flux distribution are evaluated and discussed. The analysis results showed that C26M provided a significantly higher level of neutronic performance compared to APMT (TM), 304SS, and 310SS. Although this study primarily focused on the neutronic performance of PWRs at BOC, future research should encompass fuel depletion analysis to delve deeper into the potential of alternative cladding materials.

关键词： Light water reactors

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Novel Polymer Composites for Lead-Free Shielding Applications

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POLYMERS 2024年第7期16卷 1020页

作者： Baamer, Mazen A. Alshahri, Saad Basfar, Ahmed A. Alsuhybani, Mohammed Alrwais, Alhanouf King Saud Univ Coll Engn MSc Nucl Engn Program POB 145111 Riyadh Saudi Arabia Kng Abdullah City Atom & Renewable Energy K A CARE Engn & Project Management Sect Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz City Sci & Technol KACST Nucl Technol Inst Riyadh 11442 Saudi Arabia King Saud Univ Coll Engn Mech Engn Dept Riyadh 4545 Saudi Arabia

Polymer nanocomposites have recently been introduced as lead-free shielding materials for use in medical and industrial applications. In this work, novel shielding materials were developed using low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mixed with four different filler materials. These four materials are cement, cement with iron oxide, cement with aluminum oxide, and cement with bismuth oxide. Different weight percentages were used including 5%, 15%, and 50% of the cement filler with LDPE. Furthermore, different weight percentages of different combinations of the filler materials were used including 2.5%, 7.5%, and 25% (i.e., cement and iron oxide, cement and aluminum oxide, cement and bismuth oxide) with LDPE. Bismuth oxide was a nanocomposite, and the remaining oxides were micro-composites. Characterization included structural properties, physical features, mechanical and thermal properties, and radiation shielding efficiency for the prepared composites. The results show that a clear improvement in the shielding efficiency was observed when the filler materials were added to the LDPE. The best result out of all these composites was obtained for the composites of bismuth oxide (25 wt.%) cement (25 wt.%) and LDPE (50 wt.%) which have the lowest measured mean free path (MFP) compared with pure LDPE. The comparison shows that the average MFP obtained from the experiments for all the eight energies used in this work was six times lower than the one for pure LDPE, reaching up to twelve times lower for 60 keV energy. The best result among all developed composites was observed for the ones with bismuth oxide at the highest weight percent 25%, which can block up to 78% of an X-ray.

关键词： polymeric micro-composite polymeric nanocomposite LDPE radiation shielding attenuation of X-ray radiation

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Overcoming lock-in of science-policy responses to reef heating

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MARINE POLICY 2024年 170卷

作者： Morrison, Tiffany H. Barnett, Jon Gurney, Georgina G. Lau, Jacqueline Barnes, Michele L. Cinner, Josh Hettiarachchi, Missaka Cohen, Pip James Cook Univ Coll Sci & Engn Townsville 4810 Australia Univ Melbourne Sch Geog Earth & Atmospher Sci Parkville 3010 Australia Wageningen Univ & Res Environm Policy Grp Wageningen Netherlands James Cook Univ Coll Arts Soc & Educ Townsville 4810 Australia Univ Tasmania Sch Geog Planning & Spatial Sci Hobart 7005 Australia Univ Tasmania Inst Marine Sci Ctr Marine Socioecol Hobart 7005 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Engn Sch Project Management Camperdown NSW 2006 Australia Univ Sydney Sch Geosci Thriving Oceans Res Hub Camperdown NSW 2006 Australia World Wildlife Fund Environm & Disaster Management Program Washington DC USA WorldFish POB 438 Honiara Solomon Islands Turning Tides Marine Tenure Initiat Pipers River Australia

Marine heating is the long-term climate-induced warming of oceans. Marked by more frequent, longer and widespread marine heatwave events, the severity of marine heating is generating catastrophic impacts on reef peoples and ecosystems. Here, we examine the range of policy solutions proposed to address reef heating. We find that, until recently, science-informed policy solutions were dominated by recommendations for more 'inclusive adaptation' and more 'usable' science. While these are laudable goals, such a narrow and locally-focused set of solutions suggests many researchers, policymakers, and funders have restricted their responses to the highly visible symptoms of reef heating, thereby locking in a particular science-policy pathway. Science-policy lock-in is concerning because it can popularise solutions that place the burden of response on to already vulnerable groups, avoid tackling deeper structural drivers of change, and overlook a wider range of possible solutions. In response, we showcase emerging research trends proposing a broader and more impactful agenda for reef science and policy. Such an agenda is explicitly designed to expand the policy solution space to secure a wider, more effective, and more just range of responses to ongoing marine heating for reef peoples and ecosystems.

关键词： Marine heatwaves Coral reefs Governance Vulnerability Ocean adaptation Tropical coasts Climate change Ocean warming

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Evaluation of prostate movement trend using individual patient anatomical information for prostate volumetric modulated arc therapy

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Medical Dosimetry 2025年

作者： Tanaka, Yuka Nakamoto, Akira Nishioka, Kunio Kunii, Yuki Takahashi, Shotaro Tanabe, Yoshinori Office of Project Management Division of Moonshot Research and Development Program Tokyo Chiyoda-ku Japan Department of Radiological Technology of Health Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan Department of Radiology Tokuyama Central Hospital Yamaguchi Shunan Japan Department of Radiological Technology Faculty of Health Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan

Organ movement during prostate cancer radiotherapy can significantly impact treatment accuracy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of prostate movement during the treatment period with pretreatment patient anatomical information. A total of 103 patients with prostate cancer who underwent volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) were included. Lesser pelvis space around the prostate and prostate volumes were contoured and measured using a radiotherapy treatment planning system (RTPS) and classified into 2 groups (< median, ≧ median). The median and standard deviation (SD) inter- and intra-fraction prostate movement during treatment was calculated in the anterior-posterior (AP), left-right (LR), and superior-inferior (SI) directions, and the correlation for anatomical information was analyzed. Statistical significance testing and percentile analysis were utilized to assess the inter- and intra-fraction prostate movement of 2 groups based on the parameters above. Significant differences in prostate volume (inter: AP, LR, and SI) were observed between the 2 groups. The SD of inter- and intra-fraction prostate movement in the LR direction exhibited low positive correlations with lesser pelvis space around the prostate and prostate volume (r > 0.3). In the 5th to 95th percentile range of prostate movement, patients with a prostate volume ≧ 30 mL showed an increase of >10% (inter: AP, SI, LR). These findings suggest that pelvic space around the prostate and prostate volume are correlated with prostate movement during radiotherapy, indicating their importance in optimizing prostate margins in treatment planning. © 2025

关键词： Organ movement Prostate movement Radiotherapy

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Incorporating patient reporting patterns to evaluate spatially targeted TB interventions

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ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021年 54卷 7-10页

作者： Gomes, Isabella Reja, Mehdi Shrestha, Sourya Pennington, Jeffrey Jo, Youngji Baik, Yeonsoo Islam, Shamiul Khan, Ahmadul Hasan Faisel, Abu Jamil Cordon, Oscar Roy, Tapash Suarez, Pedro Hussain, Hamidah Dowdy, David Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Baltimore MD USA Challenge TB Project Dhaka Bangladesh Interact Res & Dev IRD Dhaka Bangladesh Natl TB Control Program NTP Dhaka Bangladesh FHI360 Santo Domingo Dominican Rep IRD Global Singapore Singapore Management Sci Hlth MSH Arlington VA USA

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is geographically heterogeneous, and geographic targeting can improve the impact of TB interventions. However, standard TB notification data may not sufficiently capture this heterogeneity. Better understanding of patient reporting patterns (discrepancies between residence and place of presentation) may improve our ability to use notifications to appropriately target interventions. Methods: Using demographic data and TB reports from Dhaka North City Corporation and Dhaka South City Corporation, we identified wards of high TB incidence and developed a TB transmission model. We calibrated the model to patient-level data from selected wards under four different reporting pattern assumptions and estimated the relative impact of targeted versus untargeted active case finding. Results: The impact of geographically targeted interventions varied substantially depending on reporting pattern assumptions. The relative reduction in TB incidence, comparing targeted with untargeted active case finding in Dhaka North City Corporation, was 1.20, assuming weak correlation between reporting and residence, versus 2.45, assuming perfect correlation. Similar patterns were observed in Dhaka South City Corporation (1.03 vs. 2.08). Conclusions: Movement of individuals seeking TB diagnoses may substantially affect ward-level TB transmission. Better understanding of patient reporting patterns can improve estimates of the impact of targeted interventions in reducing TB incidence. Incorporating high-quality patient-level data is critical to optimizing TB interventions. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tuberculosis in Dhaka Tuberculosis patient-level reporting Tuberculosis heterogeneity

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Factors affecting the fate of Pacific lamprey carcasses and resource transport to riparian and stream macrohabitats

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FRESHWATER BIOLOGY 2020年第8期65卷 1429-1439页

作者： Dunkle, Matthew R. Lampman, Ralph T. Jackson, Aaron D. Caudill, Christopher C. Univ Idaho Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci 875 Perimeter Dr MS 1136 Moscow ID 83844 USA Yakama Nat Fisheries Resource Management Program Pacific Lamprey Project Toppenish WA USA Confederated Tribes Umatilla Indian Reservat Dept Nat Resources Pacific Lamprey Res & Restorat Project Pendleton OR USA

Anadromous fish transport marine-derived nutrients to freshwaters during spawning migrations with potential implications for stream food webs. While many studies have explored the role of marine-derived nutrients instream ecosystems (particularly via Pacific salmonids [Oncorhynchus spp.]), relatively few have examined the spatial distribution and patchiness of non-salmonid fish carcasses or rates of transport to the riparian zone. We radio-tagged and released 144 mature Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) prior to spawning and tracked the fate of post-spawn carcasses in two inland Columbia River basin streams to characterise spatial distribution of carcasses and marine-derived nutrient deposition. We found that 27 and 40% of lamprey that could be assigned a fate were moved into the riparian zone adjacent to stream segments exhibiting higher velocity conditions with larger substrates. Conversely, lamprey with instream fates were associated with depositional microhabitats and woody debris dams. Estimated carcass loading rates varied by more than an order of magnitude among habitats. These patterns probably reflect a combination of processes influencing the likelihood of carcass removal (e.g. by predators or scavengers, or stranding) and factors affecting the distribution of carcasses remaining within the stream. Our results demonstrate substantial transport of lamprey carcasses across the stream-riparian ecotone and a non-random distribution of carcasses within streams, patterns which probably influence how resources enter stream and riparian food webs. More broadly, the results suggest local and landscape-scale hydrogeomorphic factors, along with species-specific traits and phenology, affect the distribution and potential roles of fish carrion in stream food webs.

关键词： anadromous fishes resource subsidies streams trophic dynamics

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