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Proactively Monitoring Large project Portfolios

project management JOURNAL 2020年第6期51卷 656-669页

作者： Hopmere, Michael Crawford, Lynn Harre, Michael S. Univ Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Univ Sydney Project Management Program Sch Project Management Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Sch Civil Engn Complex Syst Res Grp Sydney NSW Australia

The discipline of project management has evolved over the years, yet projects still run into trouble, failing entirely, running late, or not delivering expected benefits. program and portfolio managers need assistance identifying potentially troubled projects while they are being delivered, allowing time to intervene. We report on our investigation of whether project status reports from IT project portfolios can be used to predict projects that may be trending into trouble ahead of time. We found that this initial approach resulted in a high degree of accurate predictions opening new avenues of research in predicting project progress and health.

关键词： project portfolio management risk management early warning signs time series forecasting

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Coastal business perception of coral value and payment for coral restoration

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2025年第1期15卷 1-15页

作者： Carlson, Rachel R. Klitzke, Joanna Daily, Gretchen C. Crowder, Larry B. Reguero, Borja G. Asner, Gregory P. Stanford Univ Emmett Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resour Stanford CA 94305 USA Stanford Univ Stanford Grad Sch Business Stanford CA USA Arizona State Univ Ctr Global Discovery & Conservat Sci Hilo HI 96720 USA Stanford Univ Hopkins Marine Stn Monterey CA 94305 USA Stanford Univ Dept Biol Stanford CA USA Stanford Univ Nat Capital Project Stanford CA USA Stanford Univ Woods Inst Environm Stanford CA USA Univ Calif Santa Cruz Coastal Sci & Policy Santa Cruz CA USA Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Coral reefs provide important economic benefits to coastal businesses, supporting recreation and tourism and protecting property from storms. Yet, these benefits are at risk worldwide as corals decline rapidly, and investment in restoration is lacking. With their direct dependence on coral health, coastal businesses may represent an important sector for funding coral restoration;however, it is unclear whether businesses perceive coral reef services as valuable or themselves as reef stewards. We measured business perceptions of coral health and value in Hawai'i and identified traits correlated with business decisions to participate in coral restoration at three payment thresholds. We found that businesses see limited economic value in coral reefs. In areas where corals provide substantial ecosystem services (flood protection, tourism revenue), businesses did not consistently rate coral value as high. Nonetheless, businesses showed strong willingness to pay for coral restoration, which was linked to pro-nature motives, reputation, and Native Hawaiian ownership. Results highlight key strategies for engaging private entities in coral restoration.

关键词： Coral Ecosystem services Tourism Restoration Nature-based solutions Coastal resilience

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Metasomatized mantle source of nascent oceanic crust in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California

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CHEMICAL GEOLOGY 2024年 643卷

作者： Ge, Zhen-Min Huang, Xiao-Long Xie, Wei Hofig, Tobias W. Yang, Fan Yu, Yang Singh, S. Khogenkumar Chinese Acad Sci Guangzhou Inst Geochem CAS Ctr Excellence Deep Earth Sci State Key Lab Isotope Geochem Guangzhou 510640 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Hohai Univ Coll Oceanog Key Lab Marine Hazards Forecasting Nanjing 210024 Peoples R China Texas A&M Univ Int Ocean Discovery Program 1000 Discovery Dr College Stn TX 77845 USA Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzhou Guangzhou 511458 Peoples R China CSIR Natl Inst Oceanog CSIR NIO Panaji 403004 Goa India Julich Res Ctr GmbH Project Management Julich D-18069 Rostock Germany

The geochemical characteristics of nascent oceanic crust play a crucial role in unraveling the mantle dynamics of the initial opening of an ocean. The Gulf of California, located at the East Pacific margin, is one of the best examples of an active and obliquely rifted continental margin. However, the mantle source composition of the nascent oceanic crust in the central part of the Gulf has not yet been comprehensively investigated. Here, we report in situ major and trace element contents as well as B-Sr isotope compositions for basaltic glass samples from off-axis sills drilled by the International Ocean Discovery program (IODP) Expedition 385 at Sites U1547 and U1548 in the Guaymas Basin in the central part of the Gulf of California. These glassy samples represent tholeiites and predominantly show trace element patterns akin to those of enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts (EMORBs) but with distinctive enrichments in Ba and K and depletions in Nb, Ta, and Ti. In addition, these samples have high B contents (3.07-3.67 ppm) with enriched Sr isotopes (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7032-0.7037) and heavy B isotopes (delta 11B = - 5.52%o to 1.20%o). The mixing model based on B/Nb values and Sr-B isotopes shows that the nascent oceanic crust in the Guaymas Basin might be generated through partial melting of a depleted MORB mantle (DMM) source metasomatized by melts from subducted slab materials referring to partially dehydrated sediment and altered oceanic crust components. The magmas in the Gulf of California show a systematic decline in their enrichment in fluid-mobile elements (Ba) and depletion in fluid-immobile elements (Nb, Ta, and Ti) from the northern (e.g., Isla San Luis volcanic center) to the central part (Guaymas Basin) and southward to the mouth (e.g., Alarc ' on Basin) of the Gulf. This suggests that the enriched (recycled) components in their mantle source were gradually extracted and exhausted during Gulf opening and oceanic crustal accretion that advanced in a northward dir

关键词： Basaltic glass Boron isotopes Nascent oceanic crust Mantle geochemistry Guaymas Basin Gulf of California

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Land-use analysis using infrastructure representations and high-resolution flood inundation mapping techniques

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2025年 123卷

作者： Murphy, Sean Wang, Mark Cheng, Chih-Shen Passalacqua, Paola Leite, Fernanda Univ Texas Austin Maseeh Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn Kumar Construct Engn & Project Management Program Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Texas Austin Ctr Water & Environm Maseeh Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn Austin TX USA Univ Texas Austin Maseeh Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn Austin TX USA Univ Texas Austin Dept Earth & Planetary Sci Austin TX USA Univ Texas Austin Cockrell Sch Engn Joe J King Prof Maseeh Dept Civil Architectural & Austin TX USA

In the face of climate change and population growth in coastal regions, land-use analysis efforts are more challenging than ever. Land-use decision-makers in coastal communities are burdened with the difficult choices of where to place new homes versus other assets. While there has been an increased focus on hazard mitigation and disaster resilience in the field of planning, evidence points towards continued development in risk-prone areas including flood zones. Residential development within flood zones specifically continues to be a major issue. To help counter this trend, this study introduces a novel land-use analysis method, coupling topographic flood inundation mapping techniques with digital elevation model (DEM) adaptations. This Topographic Model Scenario Generation workflow can be used by planners early in the land-use decision making process and provides an alternative to high-computational hydraulic models. The analysis also includes the identification of strengths and weaknesses of topographic models' recognition of built infrastructure assets, adding to a limited body of knowledge addressing recommended uses of such models. Levees and canals prove particularly functional in this context while detention ponds less so, likely due to a lack of total water mass accountability. Finally, we provide a functional demonstration in Southeast Texas to illustrate the workflow's ability to create multiple infrastructure scenarios and visualize their effects across different flood events.

关键词： Flood risk management Land use analysis Topographic flood models HAND GeoFlood

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An experimental study to evaluate predation threats on two native larval lampreys in the Columbia River Basin, USA

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ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH 2020年第4期29卷 611-622页

作者： Arakawa, Hiroaki Lampman, Ralph T. Ishikawa Prefectural Univ Div Sci Bioprod & Environm Nonoichi Ishikawa Japan Pacific Lamprey Project Fisheries Resource Management Program Dept Nat Resources Toppenish WA USA

Experimental predation studies were conducted to evaluate and compare the predation threats of 10 species of native and non-native fishes on larvae of Pacific Lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus, and Western Brook Lamprey, Lampetra richardsoni. The relative predatory threats were examined over four sets of binary factors, including the following: (a) short (2-day) or long (7-day) duration, (b) presence/absence of fine sediment, (c) live or dead larvae and (d) species of lampreys. Our short-term results showed a positive correlation with the sizes of predator fishes and consumed lamprey larvae. Also, most predator fishes had a significantly higher propensity to prey on lamprey larvae when sediment was absent. Conversely, this demonstrated the importance of sediment in protecting lamprey larvae from predation. Based on the predatory behaviour for live and dead larvae, predator fishes were classified into four groups using principal component analysis. Predation rates of larvae in sediment by piscivorous predators including Northern Pikeminnow Ptychocheilus oregonensis and Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu were lower and showed no differences even when the study duration was extended. In contrast, predation rates by benthic predators including White Sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus and Common Carp Cyprinus carpio, increased when we extended the study duration. This suggests that when given longer duration, benthic predators are more adept at consuming larvae within the sediment. These results provide important context for assessing the potential threat of predation on lampreys in streams, which is a key knowledge gap for lampreys.

关键词： invasive fish non-native fish prey-predator relationship

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Contributions from popular education in health to structural competency training: An experience from Chile

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GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023年第1期18卷 Article: 2236705页

作者： Anderson, Karen Perez, Maria Eugenia Calvin Kindermann, Sonia Covarrubias Castillo, Susana Jiles Paley, Julia EPES Fdn Int Training Program Santiago Chile EPES Fdn Educ team Santiago Chile EPES Fdn Planning & Evaluat Santiago Chile PES Fdn Project Management Santiago Chile

Structural competency is used to train health professionals on how social, political, and economic dynamics create conditions that negatively impact a population's health. In the Global South, this approach has historical roots in social movements, popular education, social medicine, and human rights. In 1982, during a time of extreme poverty, inequality, and violence under the Chilean military dictatorship, Educacion Popular en Salud (EPES), developed a programme for training community health promoters to address common illnesses and analyse the underlying causes of poor health. In 2010, EPES began using the same model to train international and Chilean health professionals. The approach advanced four competencies. Evaluations show that training contributes to transforming health professionals' mindsets and leads them to question their practices. However, educating practitioners does not change the underlying structures that generate poor health. This article examines the intersection between EPES' competencies and the structural competency framework, highlighting two major contributions of EPES to structural competency: a methodology that narrows the gap between a theoretical analysis of social determinants of health and implementing action plans;and organic long-term links with social movements that strengthen collective action in poor neighbourhoods to advance social justice.

关键词： Popular education structural competency social determinants of health gender community health promoters

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management of Plastic Waste and a Circular Economy at the End of the Supply Chain: A Systematic Literature Review

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ENERGIES 2022年第3期15卷 976-976页

作者： da Silva, Luciano Ferreira Resnitzkyd, Maria Helena Costa Santibanez Gonzalez, Ernesto Del Rosario de Melo Conti, Diego da Costa, Priscila Rezende Univ Nove Julho UNINOVE Grad Program Project Management BR-01504000 Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Talca Chile Ind Engn Dept Talca 3460000 Chile Pontifical Catholic Univ Campinas PUC Campinas Grad Program Sustainabil BR-01504000 Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Nove Julho UNINOVE Grad Program Adm BR-01504000 Sao Paulo Brazil

This article aims to describe the current state of research on plastic waste management as a circular economy practice at the end of the supply chain. The methodological strategy chosen was a systematic literature review. The articles selected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases were screened, and the research corpus consisted of 201 articles published in journals between 2014 and 2021. The results present 13 study categories, showing topics such as pyrolysis, business models, Industry 4.0, and energy generation. The insertion of Industry 4.0 technologies is still in its initial stages, comprising mainly the generation of inputs to reuse waste for 3D printers' materials. Regarding energy generation, the insertion of processes such as pyrolysis for fuel generation stands out. The proposed discussion in this article suggests a circular ecosystem in which wastes follow a reuse flow according to their properties;incineration can be an option depending on the stage and benefits generated from the removal of plastic waste from the ecosystem. The highlighted issue is the scalability of the developed processes in the research, which is only possible if the state, universities, and civil society integrate efforts in the construction of a circular ecosystem infrastructure for waste management.

关键词： plastic waste circular economy supply chain waste management energy generation

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Continuous earned value management with singularity functions for comprehensive project performance tracking and forecasting

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AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION 2022年第0期143卷

作者： Ngo, Kiet A. Lucko, Gunnar Ballesteros-Perez, Pablo Catholic Univ Amer Dept Civil & Environm Engn Construct Engn & Management Program G-17 Pangborn Hall620 Michigan Ave NE Washington DC 20064 USA Univ Politecn Valencia Project Management Innovat & Sustainabil Res Ctr Camino Vera S-N E-46022 Valencia Spain

Earned value management (EVM) is a classical project monitoring technique that is widely used in construction projects. Due to its simplicity, this technique suffers from limitations due to its discrete nature - activity durations, costs, and progress are gathered only at update points with no information in between. These limitations preclude EVM from being easily implemented on some project types (e.g. repetitive projects) and in conjunction with some planning techniques (e.g. linear scheduling), where information continuity is both possible and desired. Therefore, in EVM is reformulated based on singularity functions (SF). SF are a type of expressions that can be easily concatenated to model continuous inputs at the activity-level. SF are also additive so as to immediately yield project-level performance information. It is demonstrated how the complete theory of EVM is newly expressed in SF. This offers several advantages: (1) EVM metric axes can be easily swapped (allowing exact calculation of modern metrics such as Earned Schedule or the p-factor);(2) activity progress data can be inserted at any frequency as the available data allow;and (3) short-term project duration and cost forecasts are directly possible for the first time. These advantages are exemplified on a real construction project. Finally, it is discussed how the new formulation with SF produces more accurate project duration and cost estimates compared to the former discrete EVM on real construction projects.

关键词： Earned value management Singularity functions Construction projects Continuity Time forecasting Cost forecasting Performance

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Towards Circular Economy in the Built Environment: Overcoming Obsolescence Via Building Adaptation

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Eliote, Guilherme Monteiro Leite, Fernanda Construction Engineering and Project Management Program Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering The University of Texas at Austin 301 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C1752 AustinTX78712-1094 United States Construction Engineering and Project Management Program Sustainable Systems Program Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering The University of Texas at Austin 301 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C1752 AustinTX78712-1094 United States

Every year, buildings undergo services of adaptation to account for changes in users’ needs, deterioration, code updates, among others. This process, also called building obsolescence, is inevitable and most of these buildings lack a proactive adaptation plan. New buildings, however, can be designed to be more resilient when dealing with obsolescence by leveraging circular economy principles. The understanding of building obsolescence is crucial since they are the triggers of a process of adaptation. Studies have investigated different types of building obsolescence but have not focused on specific causes. Through qualitative analysis of interviews, we identified challenges faced by Architecture, Engineering, and Construction professionals in the building adaptation process. Recommendations to tackle these challenges were given, including the selection of durable materials, overdesign of key elements, design for disassembly, and use of modular systems. The research findings can help planners avoid common issues that harm the building adaptation process. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Obsolescence

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Implementation of a Peer-to-Peer Support program in a Quaternary Pediatric Medical Center

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ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS 2023年第8期23卷 1481-1488页

作者： Simpson, Samantha L. Khan, Sarah Schiferl, Lindsey M. Boehl, Lindsay Horewitz, Debbie Hausfeld, Jackie Samuels, Paul Kreeger, Renee N. White, Christine M. Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Div Neonatol & Pulm Biol Cincinnati OH USA Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Div Hosp Med Cincinnati OH USA Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Data Management Off Chief Staff Cincinnati OH USA Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Program Management Off Chief Staff Cincinnati OH USA Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Project Management Off Chief Staff Cincinnati OH USA Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Div Patient Serv Adm Cincinnati OH USA Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Dept Anesthesiol Cincinnati OH USA Univ Cincinnati Dept Anesthesia Cincinnati OH USA Univ Cincinnati Div Hosp Med Cincinnati OH USA Univ Cincinnati Coll Med Dept Pediat Cincinnati OH USA Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Div Neonatol & Pulm Biol 3333 Burnet Ave Cincinnati OH 45229 USA

Healthcare worker burnout is a growing epidemic associated with multiple negative outcomes. Compounding the routine stresses of clinical practice, involvement in adverse events can be emotion-ally devastating. Healthcare organizations have an obligation to mitigate burnout and promote engagement and resiliency. Many institutions have launched wellness initiatives, but the value of these programs is unclear. Here, we describe the implementation of a peer-to-peer support program at our quaternary pediatric medical center. This proactive program is unique in its referral process and scope and has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating the emotional impact of adverse effects. In total, our institution has trained 125 peer supporters. Since initiation, there have been a total of 2187 referrals made to the program. Data collected in 2022 from these referrals showed a 60.3% (n = 1220) response rate to the offer of support. A survey was sent to frontline clinicians from divisions with trained supporters. Of 963 respondents, 71.8% (n = 691) agreed that this program was a valuable re-source, and 81.3% (n = 783) recommended peer support to be offered to those involved in adverse and stressful events. Our experience supports that the implementation of a proactive, peer -to-peer support program is both feasible and valuable.

关键词： burnout peer to peer resilience social support support

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