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Thin film ferroelectric photonic-electronic memory

Light(science & Applications) 2024年第10期13卷 2251-2262页

作者： Gong Zhang Yue Chen Zijie Zheng Rui Shao Jiuren Zhou Zuopu Zhou Leming Jiao Jishen Zhang Haibo Wang Qiwen Kong Chen Sun Kai Ni Jixuan Wu Jiezhi Chen Xiao Gong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Department of Microelectronic Engineering Rochester Institute of TechnologyRochesterNY 14623USA School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

To reduce system complexity and bridge the interface between electronic and photonic circuits,there is a high demand for a non-volatile memory that can be accessed both electrically and ***,practical solutions are still lacking when considering the potential for large-scale complementary metal-oxide semiconductor compatible ***,we present an experimental demonstration of a non-volatile photonic-electronic memory based on a 3-dimensional monolithic integrated ferroelectric-silicon ring *** successfully demonstrate programming and erasing the memory using both electrical and optical methods,assisted by optical-to-electrical-to-optical *** memory cell exhibits a high optical extinction ratio of 6.6 dB at a low working voltage of 5 V and an endurance of 4×10^(4) ***,the multi-level storage capability is analyzed in detail,revealing stable performance with a raw bit-error-rate smaller than 5.9×10^(−2).This ground-breaking work could be a key technology enabler for future hybrid electronic-photonic systems,targeting a wide range of applications such as photonic interconnect,high-speed data communication,and neuromorphic computing.

关键词： resonator electronic ferroelectric

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A 0.75mm2407µW Real-Time Speech Audio Denoiser with Quantized Cascaded Redundant Convolutional Encoder-Decoder for Wearable IoT Devices 38

A 0.75mm2407µW Real-Time Speech Audio Denoiser with Quantiz...

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38th International Conference on VLSI Design, VLSID 2025

作者： Kochar, Dimple Vijay Ashok, Maitreyi Chandrakasan, Anantha P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Electrical Engineering and Computer Science CambridgeMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522445

Audio denoising is crucial for delivering high-quality sound in applications ranging from communication devices to entertainment systems. On-device denoising is critical for en-suring consistent performance across various host platforms. Machine learning (ML) models exhibit strong audio processing performance in the frequency domain but require efficient hardware design. This paper focuses on enhancing audio quality using convolutional encoder-decoder ML models with low power consumption while meeting real-time processing constraints. We achieve this by developing a quantized network that optimally reduces computational costs without compromising enhancement quality. Furthermore, our hardware quantization scheme reduces memory usage by up to 75% while maintaining accuracy. Next, we design a complementary processing element activation routing scheme tailored to our algorithm, significantly reducing the on-chip memory accesses by 5-9×. Fabricated in 28nm CMOS process, our chip demonstrates real-time audio denoising, processing each frame within 8ms while consuming only 407µ or 3.24 µJ/frame at 0.65V, 18.5 MHz, making it ideal for battery-powered IoT devices. In terms of performance, our chip also achieves the highest evaluation score for audio quality (PESQ), outperforming previous works. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Optimizing Autonomous Intersection Control Using Single Agent Reinforcement Learning 25

Optimizing Autonomous Intersection Control Using Single Agen...

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26th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking, ICDCN 2025

作者： Ganar, Yash Kumar, Vinay Dulera, Shraddha Yadav, Ram Narayan Electrical and Computer Science Engineering Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management Ahmedabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798400710629

Autonomous intersection management (AIM) presents significant challenges due to the complexity of real-world traffic scenarios and the reliance on a costly centralized server to manage and coordinate all vehicles simultaneously. In this work, we address the challenge of efficiently and safely navigating intersections using a Reinforcement Learning (RL). In this work, we proposed two autonomous intersection management algorithms based on (i) Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), and (ii) Advantage Actor-Critic (A2C). We design a reward function to encourage the system to reduce collisions while maintaining high throughput. By training and testing these algorithms in complex traffic scenarios, we aim to identify which algorithm demonstrates better decision-making capabilities under different conditions. We evaluated performance across multiple metrics, including collision avoidance, safe and efficient travel speed, time to reach the destination, and reward functions. We have established a structured approach to help researchers make informed decisions regarding suitable algorithm selection. It provides a balanced comparison between the algorithms and suggests a recommendation system for intersection traffic environments, considering various performance metrics such as reward, collision, speed, and travel time. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Travel time

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Physics-Based 2D Direction Finding of an Amplitude Modulated Signal Using a Uniform Triangular Array

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 2025年 155卷 121-126页

作者： Ren, Kai Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid CitySD57701 United States

A uniform triangular array (UTA) is proposed for physics-based 2D direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimations of unknown incoming signals. Three capacitively loaded top-hat antennas are used as array elements. Unlike conventional array-based direction finding (DF) systems, complex antenna radiation patterns are used in array manifold calculations and DOA predictions, where coupling among array elements is naturally resolved. Both continuous wave (CW) signals and single tone signals with amplitude modulation (AM) are considered in DF simulations. Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) values are calculated to provide theoretical lower bounds of DF accuracies. Multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is used to further demonstrate the DF performance of the triangular antenna array without any angle ambiguities within the field of view from 0◦ to 360◦ in the azimuth direction and from 1.25◦ to 178.75◦ in the elevation direction. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Amplitude modulation

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Generative AI based Secure Wireless Sensing for ISAC Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 5195-5210页

作者： Wang, Jiacheng Du, Hongyang Liu, Yinqiu Sun, Geng Niyato, Dusit Mao, Shiwen Kim, Dong In Shen, Xuemin Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong Jilin University College of Computer Science and Technology 130012 China Auburn University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn United States Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon16419 Korea Republic of University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Canada

Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) is one of the crucial technologies for 6G, and channel state information (CSI) based sensing serves as an essential part of ISAC. However, current research on ISAC focuses mainly on improving sensing performance, overlooking security issues, particularly the unauthorized sensing of users. Hence, this paper proposes a diffusion model based secure sensing system (DFSS). Specifically, we first propose a discrete conditional diffusion model to generate graphs with nodes and edges, which guides the ISAC system to appropriately activate wireless links and nodes, ensuring the sensing performance while minimizing the operation cost. Using the activated links and nodes, DFSS then employs the continuous conditional diffusion model to generate safeguarding signals, which are next modulated onto the pilot at the transmitter to mask fluctuations caused by user activities. As such, only authorized ISAC devices with the safeguarding signals can extract the true CSI for sensing, while unauthorized devices are unable to perform the effective sensing. Experiment results demonstrate that DFSS can reduce the activity recognition accuracy of the unauthorized devices by approximately 70%, effectively shield the user from the illegitimate surveillance. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Sensors Wireless communication Diffusion models Wireless sensor networks Communication system security Performance evaluation Security Integrated sensing and communication Fluctuations Accuracy

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ASL-OOD:Hierarchical Contextual Feature Fusion with Angle-Sensitive Loss for Oriented Object Detection

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 1879-1899页

作者： Kexin Wang Jiancheng Liu Yuqing Lin Tuo Wang Zhipeng Zhang Wanlong Qi Xingye Han Runyuan Wen Northwest Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Xianyang712099China School of Information Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710064China School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an710071China

Detecting oriented targets in remote sensing images amidst complex and heterogeneous backgrounds remains a formidable challenge in the field of object *** frameworks for oriented detection modules are constrained by intrinsic limitations,including excessive computational and memory overheads,discrepancies between predefined anchors and ground truth bounding boxes,intricate training processes,and feature alignment *** overcome these challenges,we present ASL-OOD(Angle-based SIOU Loss for Oriented Object Detection),a novel,efficient,and robust one-stage framework tailored for oriented object *** ASL-OOD framework comprises three core components:the Transformer-based Backbone(TB),the Transformer-based Neck(TN),and the Angle-SIOU(Scylla Intersection over Union)based Decoupled Head(ASDH).By leveraging the Swin Transformer,the TB and TN modules offer several key advantages,such as the capacity to model long-range dependencies,preserve high-resolution feature representations,seamlessly integrate multi-scale features,and enhance parameter *** improvements empower the model to accurately detect objects across varying *** ASDH module further enhances detection performance by incorporating angle-aware optimization based on SIOU,ensuring precise angular consistency and bounding box *** approach effectively harmonizes shape loss and distance loss during the optimization process,thereby significantly boosting detection *** evaluations and ablation studies on standard benchmark datasets such as DOTA with an mAP(mean Average Precision)of 80.16 percent,HRSC2016 with an mAP of 91.07 percent,MAR20 with an mAP of 85.45 percent,and UAVDT with an mAP of 39.7 percent demonstrate the clear superiority of ASL-OOD over state-of-the-art oriented object detection *** findings underscore the model’s efficacy as an advanced solution for challenging remote sensing object detection tasks.

关键词： Oriented object detection transformer deep learning

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SFI-Swin: symmetric face inpainting with swin transformer by distinctly learning face components distributions

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第17期84卷 17581-17595页

作者： Givkashi, MohammadHossein Naderi, MohammadReza Karimi, Nader Shirani, Shahram Samavi, Shadrokh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan84156-83111 Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McMaster University HamiltonL8S 4L8 Canada Computer Science Department Seattle University Seattle98122 United States

Image inpainting consists of filling holes or missing parts of an image. Inpainting face images with symmetric characteristics is more challenging than inpainting a natural scene. None of the powerful existing models can fill out the missing parts of an image while considering the symmetry and homogeneity of the picture. Moreover, the metrics that assess a repaired face image quality cannot measure the preservation of symmetry between the rebuilt and existing parts of a face. In this paper, we intend to solve the symmetry problem in the face inpainting task by using multiple discriminators that check each face organ’s reality separately and a transformer-based network. We also propose "symmetry concentration score" as a new metric for measuring the symmetry of a repaired face image. The quantitative and qualitative results show the superiority of our proposed method compared to some of the recently proposed algorithms in terms of the reality, symmetry, and homogeneity of the inpainted parts. The code for the proposed method is available at https://***/mohammadrezanaderi4/SFI-Swin. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep learning

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Leveraging Large Language Models to Identify the Values Behind Arguments 2nd

Leveraging Large Language Models to Identify the Values Be...

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2nd International Workshop on Value engineering in Artificial Intelligence, VALE 2024

作者： Senthilkumar, Rithik Appachi Homayounirad, Amir Siebert, Luciano Cavalcante Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783031854620

Human values capture what people and societies perceive as desirable, transcend specific situations and serve as guiding principles for action. People’s value systems motivate their positions on issues concerning the economy, society and politics among others, influencing the arguments they make. Identifying the values behind arguments can therefore help us find common ground in discourse and uncover the core reasons behind disagreements. Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable performance across language generation and analysis. However, leveraging LLMs in sociotechnical systems that assist with discourse and argumentation necessitates systematically evaluating their ability to analyse and identify the values behind arguments, an under-explored research direction. Using a multi-level human value taxonomy inspired by the Schwartz Theory of Basic Human Values, we present a systematic and critical evaluation of GPT-3.5-turbo in human value identification from a dataset of multi-cultural arguments, across the zero-shot, few-shot and chain-of-thought prompting strategies, carrying forward from prior research on this task which leveraged a fine-tuned BERT model. We observe that prompting strategies exhibit performance levels close to, but still behind fine-tuning for value classification. We also detail some challenges associated with value classification with LLMs, offering potential directions for future research. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Human Values Large Language Models Prompting

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Identifying influential spreaders in complex networks based on density entropy and community structure

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 765-774页

作者：苏湛陈磊艾均郑雨语别娜 School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

In recent years,exploring the relationship between community structure and node centrality in complex networks has gained significant attention from researchers,given its fundamental theoretical significance and practical *** address the impact of network communities on target nodes and effectively identify highly influential nodes with strong propagation capabilities,this paper proposes a novel influential spreaders identification algorithm based on density entropy and community structure(DECS).The proposed method initially integrates a community detection algorithm to obtain the community partition results of the *** then comprehensively considers the internal and external density entropies and degree centrality of the target node to evaluate its *** validation is conducted on eight networks of varying sizes through susceptible–infected–recovered(SIR)propagation experiments and network static attack *** experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms five other node centrality methods under the same comparative conditions,particularly in terms of information spreading capability,thereby enhancing the accurate identification of critical nodes in networks.

关键词： corrigendum electron impact ionization cross sections carbon monoxide

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Minimum Energy Price to Make Net Zero Energy Buildings Cost-Effective - A Study in Various Geographical Climates of Iran 9

Minimum Energy Price to Make Net Zero Energy Buildings Cost-...

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9th International Conference on technology and Energy Management, ICTEM 2024

作者： Babou-Kuhestani, Alireza Ahmadi, Iraj Gholami, Mohammad University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Behshahr Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350329797

The energy price has a vital role in encouraging people to make their buildings net zero energy buildings (NZEB). The minimum energy price to make NZEB cost-effective depends on the efficiency of renewable energy generators (REGs) of the building, and the building's energy consumption, which are functions of geographical climate (GC). In this paper, a 10-unit apartment, each containing several appliances, is selected as a sample building. Regarding the usage time of appliances, the load curves of apartments and buildings are derived for all load seasons in four GC zones of Iran. A computer program has been developed and the minimum amount of REGs for sample building to be NZEB in four GC zones is determined. afterward, the annual energy cost of the building and the minimum energy price of the grid to make the NZEB cost-effective are calculated. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Green buildings

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