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DAUNet: Detail-Aware U-Shaped Network for 2D Human Pose Estimation

computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第11期81卷 3325-3349页

作者： Xi Li Yuxin Li Zhenhua Xiao Zhenghua Huang Lianying Zou College of Information and Artificial Intelligence Nanchang Institute of Science and TechnologyNanchang330108China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China School of Computer Science and Technology Hubei Business CollegeWuhan430079China

Human pose estimation is a critical research area in the field of computer vision,playing a significant role in applications such as human-computer interaction,behavior analysis,and action *** this paper,we propose a U-shaped keypoint detection network(DAUNet)based on an improved ResNet subsampling structure and spatial grouping *** network addresses key challenges in traditional methods,such as information loss,large network redundancy,and insufficient sensitivity to low-resolution *** is composed of three main ***,we introduce an improved BottleNeck block that employs partial convolution and strip pooling to reduce computational load and mitigate feature ***,after upsampling,the network eliminates redundant features,improving the overall ***,a lightweight spatial grouping attention mechanism is applied to enhance low-resolution semantic features within the feature map,allowing for better restoration of the original image size and higher *** results demonstrate that DAUNet achieves superior accuracy compared to most existing keypoint detection models,with a mean PCKh@0.5 score of 91.6%on the MPII dataset and an AP of 76.1%on the COCO ***,real-world experiments further validate the robustness and generalizability of DAUNet for detecting human bodies in unknown environments,highlighting its potential for broader applications.

关键词： Human pose estimation keypoint detection U-shaped network architecture spatial grouping mechanism

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Blockchain-Enabled Federated Learning with Differential Privacy for Internet of Vehicles

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 1581-1593页

作者： Chi Cui Haiping Du Zhijuan Jia Yuchu He Lipeng Wang School of Information Science and Technology Zhengzhou Normal UniversityZhengzhou450044China School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW 2500Australia

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies has significantly propelled the advancement of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV).With AI support,represented by machine learning technology,vehicles gain the capability to make intelligent *** a distributed learning paradigm,federated learning(FL)has emerged as a preferred solution in *** to traditional centralized machine learning,FL reduces communication overhead and improves privacy *** these benefits,FL still faces some security and privacy concerns,such as poisoning attacks and inference attacks,prompting exploration into blockchain integration to enhance its security *** paper introduces a novel blockchain-enabled federated learning(BCFL)scheme with differential privacy(DP)tailored for *** order to meet the performance demanding IoV environment,the proposed methodology integrates a consortium blockchain with Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance(PBFT)consensus,which offers superior efficiency over the conventional public *** addition,the proposed approach utilizes the Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent(DP-SGD)algorithm in the local training process of FL for enhanced privacy *** results indicate that the integration of blockchain elevates the security level of FL in that the proposed approach effectively safeguards FL against poisoning *** the other hand,the additional overhead associated with blockchain integration is also limited to a moderate level to meet the efficiency criteria of ***,by incorporating DP,the proposed approach is shown to have the(ε-δ)privacy guarantee while maintaining an acceptable level of model *** enhancement effectively mitigates the threat of inference attacks on private information.

关键词： Blockchain federated learning differential privacy Internet of Vehicles

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Improved Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Prediction using Machine Learning Method with Ensemble Technique 4

Improved Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Prediction using Mach...

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4th International Conference on Digital Futures and Transformative Technologies, ICoDT2 2024

作者： Mehmood, Waqas Khaliq, Abdul Qamar, Zoha Qudsia, Mammona Raza, Syed Saqib Capital University of Science & Technology Computer Science Department Islamabad Pakistan Capital University of Science & Technology Electrical Engineering Department Islamabad Pakistan Institute of Space Technology Electrical Engineering Department Islamabad Pakistan National University of Science & Technology Computer Science Department Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391862

Predicting Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) presents a critical and intricate challenge within medical science. Late-stage detection of CAD can gravely affect cardiac and vascular health, often leading to obstructions in the veins and perilous conditions. The application of Machine Learning (ML) in assessing CAD risks is pivotal for the early identification and mitigation of these severe consequences. Our study introduces a voting classifier that integrates eight distinct classification algorithms, employing an ensemble method to refine the accuracy of CAD diagnosis. This approach incorporates supervised learning algorithms such as Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes Classifier, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Trees, Bagging, Boosting, with multi model approach to construct a more generalized and robust predictive framework. A comparative evaluation with existing methodologies was performed to ascertain effectiveness of our proposed model. The experimental findings reveals that our proposed technique markedly enhances diagnostic precision, achieving an accuracy rate of 99% by leveraging the benefits of multi model aggregation in ensemble learning. The high accuracy of our ensemble and more generalized model not only improves diagnostic precision but also holds potential for better patient outcomes by facilitating earlier intervention and treatment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Dynamics analysis and cryptographic implementation of a fractional-order memristive cellular neural network model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 418-433页

作者：周新卫蒋东华 Jean De Dieu Nkapkop Musheer Ahmad Jules Tagne Fossi Nestor Tsafack 吴建华 Department of Information Engineering Gongqing CollegeNanchang UniversityJiujiang 332020China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 511400China Department of Electrical Engineering and Industrial Computing University Institute of TechnologyDoualaCameroon Department of Computer Engineering Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi 110025India Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundeCameroon Electrical Engineering Department and Industrial Computing of ISTAMA University of DoualaDoualaCameroon

Due to the fact that a memristor with memory properties is an ideal electronic component for implementation of the artificial neural synaptic function,a brand-new tristable locally active memristor model is first proposed in this ***,a novel four-dimensional fractional-order memristive cellular neural network(FO-MCNN)model with hidden attractors is constructed to enhance the engineering feasibility of the original CNN model and its ***,its hardware circuit implementation and complicated dynamic properties are investigated on multi-simulation ***,it is used toward secure communication application *** it as the pseudo-random number generator(PRNG),a new privacy image security scheme is designed based on the adaptive sampling rate compressive sensing(ASR-CS)***,the simulation analysis and comparative experiments manifest that the proposed data encryption scheme possesses strong immunity against various security attack models and satisfactory compression performance.

关键词： cellular neural network memristor hardware circuit compressive sensing privacy data protection

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T-SNVAE: Deep probabilistic learning with local and global structure for industrial process monitoring

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第6期6卷 1603-1613页

作者： Huang, Jian Liu, Zizhuo Yang, Xu Liu, Yupeng Lv, Zhaomin Peng, Kaixiang Ersoy, Okan K. University of Science and Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes of Ministry of Education School of Automation and Electrical Engineering China University of Science and Technology Beijing Shunde Innovation School Foshan China Shanghai University of Engineering Science School of Urban Railway Transportation China Purdue University Electrical and Computer Engineering West Lafayette United States

Variational autoencoder is a generative deep learning model with a probabilistic structure, which makes it tolerant to process uncertainties and more suitable for process monitoring. However, the probabilistic model may disrupt the topological structure of data and lead to the loss of neighborhood information. To address this issue, a process monitoring approach based on t-distributed stochastic neighbor variational autoencoder (t- SNVAE) is proposed to capture probabilistic features that elucidate both local and global structures within the raw data. Specifically, the distances between neighboring data points are transformed into joint probabilities by using t-SN Embedding. Through minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence of joint probabilities between the original data and the reconstructed data, variational autoencoder learns Gaussian features containing both local and global neighborhood information. Finally, monitoring statistics are constructed for monitoring. The efficiency of the proposed approach is verified on a multiphase flow facility and a waste-water treatment process. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Embeddings

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Sparse Adversarial Learning for FDIA Attack Sample Generation in Distributed Smart

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第5期139卷 2095-2115页

作者： Fengyong Li Weicheng Shen Zhongqin Bi Xiangjing Su College of Computer Science and Technology Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai201306China College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai201306China

False data injection attack(FDIA)is an attack that affects the stability of grid cyber-physical system(GCPS)by evading the detecting mechanism of bad *** FDIA detection methods usually employ complex neural networkmodels to detect FDIA ***,they overlook the fact that FDIA attack samples at public-private network edges are extremely sparse,making it difficult for neural network models to obtain sufficient samples to construct a robust detection *** address this problem,this paper designs an efficient sample generative adversarial model of FDIA attack in public-private network edge,which can effectively bypass the detectionmodel to threaten the power grid system.A generative adversarial network(GAN)framework is first constructed by combining residual networks(ResNet)with fully connected networks(FCN).Then,a sparse adversarial learning model is built by integrating the time-aligned data and normal data,which is used to learn the distribution characteristics between normal data and attack data through iterative ***,we introduce a Gaussian hybrid distributionmatrix by aggregating the network structure of attack data characteristics and normal data characteristics,which can connect and calculate FDIA data with normal ***,efficient FDIA attack samples can be sequentially generated through interactive adversarial *** simulation experiments are conducted with IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 118-bus system data,and the results demonstrate that the generated attack samples of the proposed model can present superior performance compared to state-of-the-art models in terms of attack strength,robustness,and covert capability.

关键词： Distributed smart grid FDIA adversarial learning power public-private network edge

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Design and Analysis of a 4-element Wideband MIMO Antenna for THz Applications 2

Design and Analysis of a 4-element Wideband MIMO Antenna for...

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2nd International Conference on Power, electrical, Electronics and Industrial Applications, PEEIACON 2024

作者： Jafor, Md. Shakiul Paul, Liton Chandra Mimi, Afsana Hossain, Md. Sadik Al Mamun, Md. Shajol Rahman, Md. Hasibur Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Pabna University of Science & Technology Electronic and Communication Engineering Department of Electrical Pabna Bangladesh Pundra University of Science & Technology Department of Computer Science & Engineering Bogura Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517984

In this work, initially a rectangular microstrip patch antenna measuring (94.8 × 110 × 10) μm3 with a polyamide substrate has been analyzed and developed. The antenna has a bandwidth of 170 GHz (1.98 - 2.15 THz) and is tuned to resonate at a frequency of 2.08 THz. Its return loss is -26.733 dB, radiation efficiency is 92%, and maximum gain is 6.35 dB. In addition, the MIMO technology has been implemented to improve performance. Its bandwidth is 210 GHz (1.98-2.19 THz), and it offers a reflection coefficient of -37.75 dB, a radiation efficiency of 95%, and a peak gain of 6.01 dB. The substrate of the four-element MIMO antenna measures (154.8x170x10) μm3. The HFSS platform has been used to perform the modelling and simulation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Slot antennas

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Improvement of Switching Frequency and Input Voltage Range in Single-Stage PFC Flyback Converter for LED Driver Applications 16

Improvement of Switching Frequency and Input Voltage Range i...

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16th Annual Power Electronics, Drive Systems, and Technologies Conference, PEDSTC 2025

作者： Khanmohammadi, Amir Hossein Sadeghian, Salar Hamzeh, Mohsen Abrishamifar, Adib University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran Iran University of Science and Technology School of Electrical Engineering Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533946

The boundary conduction mode (BCM) flyback power factor correction (PFC) converter is well-suited for low to medium power-level applications. It isolates input and output voltages while improving the power factor (PF) by modifying the transformer turns ratio. However, the converter switching frequency varies throughout the line cycle, and the frequency range depends on the input voltage and load conditions. Consequently, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) spectra show significant variations, making the EMI filter design more challenging. This paper presents a constant on-time (COT) control strategy that employs a variable inductor (VI) to limit the range of switching frequency fluctuations across the universal input voltage range (85-264 Vrms). © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Switching frequency

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Towards a lightweight security framework using blockchain and machine learning

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 107-118页

作者： Shereen Ismail Muhammad Nouman Diana W.Dawoud Hassan Reza School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of North DakotaND 58202USA Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan College of Engineering and Information Technology University of DubaiDubaiUnited Arab Emirates

Cyber-attacks pose a significant challenge to the security of Internet of Things(IoT)sensor networks,necessitating the development of robust countermeasures tailored to their unique characteristics and *** prevention and detection techniques have been proposed to mitigate these *** this paper,we propose an integrated security framework using blockchain and Machine Learning(ML)to protect IoT sensor *** framework consists of two modules:a blockchain prevention module and an ML detection *** blockchain prevention module has two lightweight mechanisms:identity management and trust *** management employs a lightweight Smart Contract(SC)to manage node registration and authentication,ensuring that unauthorized entities are prohibited from engaging in any tasks,while trust management uses a lightweight SC that is responsible for maintaining trust and credibility between sensor nodes throughout the network’s lifetime and tracking historical node *** and transaction validation are achieved through a Verifiable Byzantine Fault Tolerance(VBFT)mechanism to ensure network reliability and *** ML detection module utilizes the Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM)algorithm to classify malicious nodes and notify the blockchain network if it must make decisions to mitigate their *** investigate the performance of several off-the-shelf ML algorithms,including Logistic Regression,Complement Naive Bayes,Nearest Centroid,and Stacking,using the WSN-DS *** is selected following a detailed comparative analysis conducted using accuracy,precision,recall,F1-score,processing time,training time,prediction time,computational complexity,and Matthews Correlation Coefficient(MCC)evaluation metrics.

关键词： Blockchain Machine learning IoT Security Integration Smart contracts

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Semi‑supervised contour‑driven broad learning system for autonomous segmentation of concealed prohibited baggage items

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2024年第1期7卷 1-18页

作者： Divya Velayudhan Abdelfatah Ahmed Taimur Hassan Muhammad Owais Neha Gour Mohammed Bennamoun Ernesto Damiani Naoufel Werghi Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Center for Cyber‑Physical SystemsKhalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical EngineeringAbu Dhabi UniversityAbu Dhabi 59911United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering the University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

With the exponential rise in global air traffic,ensuring swift passenger processing while countering potential security threats has become a paramount concern for aviation *** X-ray baggage monitoring is now standard,manual screening has several limitations,including the propensity for errors,and raises concerns about passenger *** address these drawbacks,researchers have leveraged recent advances in deep learning to design threatsegmentation ***,these models require extensive training data and labour-intensive dense pixelwise annotations and are finetuned separately for each dataset to account for inter-dataset ***,this study proposes a semi-supervised contour-driven broad learning system(BLS)for X-ray baggage security threat instance segmentation referred to as *** research methodology involved enhancing representation learning and achieving faster training capability to tackle severe occlusion and class imbalance using a single training routine with limited baggage *** proposed framework was trained with minimal supervision using resource-efficient image-level labels to localize illegal items in multi-vendor baggage *** specifically,the framework generated candidate region segments from the input X-ray scans based on local intensity transition cues,effectively identifying concealed prohibited items without entire baggage *** multi-convolutional BLS exploits the rich complementary features extracted from these region segments to predict object categories,including threat and benign *** contours corresponding to the region segments predicted as threats were then utilized to yield the segmentation *** proposed C-BLX system was thoroughly evaluated on three highly imbalanced public datasets and surpassed other competitive approaches in baggage-threat segmentation,yielding 90.04%,78.92%,and 59.44%in terms of mIoU on GDXray,SIXray,and Compass-XP,***,the lim

关键词： Baggage X-ray imagery Broad learning systems Threat detection Threat segmentation

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