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30th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, ASP-DAC 2025

作者： Ciou, Yi-Sian Jiang, Ying-Jie Liu, Yi-Yu Fang, Shao-Yun Liu, Wen-Hao Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Nvidia Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706356

Package design has become increasingly complex with the evolution of technology nodes and heterogeneous integration. To optimize timing performance and signal integrity, it is essential to separate different pairs of geometrically adjacent nets with distinct spacing values, which is referred to as the paired-spacing constraint. This paper presents the first free-assignment package routing algorithm flow considering the paired-spacing constraint. To minimize the routing resource demand and overall wirelength, we propose a dynamic programming-based net ordering method to maximize the number of nets with the same/similar spacing rules positioned next to each other. In addition, the free-assignment routing problem is elegantly solved with a minimum-cost maximum-flow problem on a delicately designed graph model. Experimental results show that the proposed flow can achieve 100% routability for the adopted industrial-modified benchmarks. In contrast, even with modifications to superficially consider paired spacings, a classic model experiences significant routability degradation. © 2025 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Dynamic programming

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A 2-Bit Beam-Steering Coding Array With High Beam Pointing Accuracy and Side Lobe Level For Wide-Angle Beam Scanning

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第13期12卷 23434-23443页

作者： Xu, Jifei Wang, Kai Lu, Yunlong Mei, Lin Wang, Ye Ding, Chaofeng Yu, Ming Pengcheng Laboratory Shenzhen518000 China Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518000 China Ningbo University Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Zhejiang Ningbo315211 China

We present a 2-bit coding array that features high beam-pointing accuracy and side-lobe-level (SLL) performance for wide-angle beam scanning. By symmetrically exciting a circular ring patch antenna and integrating a 90° phase shifter into the feeding line, a 2-bit characteristic is obtained. Four positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) diodes are deployed in each antenna element and are controlled by a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) for switching the states of PINs. The 2-bit circular ring patch element is subsequently used for building a 1×12 array. Apart from introducing a set of initial phases, we add initial amplitudes to the array for the first time to further improve the array performance. Both initial phases and amplitudes are obtained from the invasive weed optimization (IWO) algorithm by setting the goals of desired beam pointing accuracy and SLL performance. In addition, the active element pattern (AEP) that accounts for the mutual coupling between elements is used in the optimization process to provide an accurate array response. The simulated and measured results agree well, and both show that the proposed array can achieve a scanning range of ± 50° with a beam pointing error (BPE) within ±1°, yet the simulated maximum SLL (MSLL), 9.2 dB, deteriorates to 8.3 dB in the measurement. The measured peak aperture efficiency is 43.2% with a peak gain as 13.2dBi. The proposed array, which features low cost, low profile, and low power consumption, is well suited for intelligent Internet of Things (IoT) applications where space and power are limited. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Slot antennas

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Into 3D-Reconstructed Apparel over Virtual Try-On with Virtual Reality

Into 3D-Reconstructed Apparel over Virtual Try-On with Virtu...

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2023 International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan, ICCE-Taiwan 2023

作者： Doungtap, Surasachai Petchhan, Jirayu Phanichraksaphong, Varinya Wang, Jenq-Haur International Graduate Program of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Taiwan National Taiwan University of Science & Technology Dept. of Electrical Engineering Taiwan National Taipei University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324174

Virtualization technologies are still growing bigger and faster. Despite the greatness of its advancement, the costume industry is still very accessible when it comes to real trials. Off-the-shelf stuff are inadequate details for the desired individual to assess its in-depth utility for each garment trying on for a second, including custom stuff are much harder to try out right away. To this end, 2D image-based 3D reconstruction inclusive of touchable-virtualized space is accessible easier to stuff details for mans' decision making in purchasing. We establish the overall end-to-end pipeline from reconstruction until visualization for one instance to be triable on its stuff for a moment. As an expectation, our proposed approach can bring objects into the experimental area and use them immediately without any obstacle. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Braille–Latin conversion using memristive bidirectional associative memory neural network

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第9期14卷 12511-12534页

作者： Vaidyaraman, Jayasri Thyagarajan, Abitha K. Shruthi, S. Ravi, V. School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are finding increasing use as tools to model and solve problems in almost every discipline in today’s world. The successful implementation of ANNs in software—particularly in the fields of deep learning and machine learning—has spiked an interest in designing hardware architectures that are custom-made to implement ANNs. Several categories of ANNs exist. The two-layer bidirectional associative memory (BAM) is a particular class of hetero-associative memory networks that is extremely efficient and exhibits good performance for storing and retrieving pattern pairs. The memristor is a novel hardware element that is well-suited to modelling neural synapses because it exhibits tunable resistance. In this work, in order to create a device that can perform Braille–Latin conversion, we have implemented a circuit realization of a BAM neural network. The implemented hardware BAM uses a memristor crossbar array for modelling neural synapses and a neuron circuit comprising an I-to-V converter (resistor), voltage comparator, D flip-flop, and inverter. The efficiency of the implemented hardware BAM was tested initially using 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 patterns. Upon successfully verifying the ability of the implemented BAM to store and retrieve simple pattern pairs, it was trained for a pattern-recognition application, namely mapping Braille alphabets to their Latin counterparts and vice versa. The performance of the implemented BAM network is robust even on the introduction of noise. The application can recognize the input patterns with accuracies of 100% in either direction when tested with up to 30% noise. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Neural networks

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OblivTime: Oblivious and Efficient Interval Skyline Query Processing Over Encrypted Time-Series Data

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IEEE Transactions on Services Computing 2025年第3期18卷 1602-1617页

作者： Ouyang, Huajie Zheng, Yifeng Wang, Songlei Hua, Zhongyun Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Time-series data is prevalent in many applications like smart homes, smart grids, and healthcare. And it is now increasingly common to store and query time-series data in the cloud. Despite the benefits, data privacy concerns in such outsourced services are pressing, making it imperative to embed privacy assurance mechanisms from the outset. Most existing related works have been focused on querying for different types of aggregate statistics. In this article, we instead focus on the secure support for advanced interval skyline queries, which allow to identify time series that are not dominated by any other time series within a query time interval. This is valuable for time-series data analytics in applications like remote health monitoring (e.g., identifying patients with high heart rates in a certain week). We present OblivTime, a new system framework for oblivious and efficient interval skyline query processing over encrypted time-series data. OblivTime is built from a synergy of time-series data analytics, lightweight cryptography, and GPU parallel computing, achieving stronger security guarantees and lower online query latency over the state-of-the-art prior work. Extensive experiments demonstrate that OblivTime can achieve up to 666 x speedup in online query latency over the state-of-the-art prior work. © 2008-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Structured Query Language

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Virtual Synchronous Generator-Based Positive Negative Sequence Control Scheme for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low Inertia Islanded Microgrid 1

Virtual Synchronous Generator-Based Positive Negative Sequen...

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1st International Conference on Innovative Sustainable Technologies for Energy, Mechatronics and Smart Systems, ISTEMS 2024

作者： Sinha, Suruchi Ali, Nada Kumar, Deepak Anwar, Shamama Birla Institue of Technology Mesra Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ranchi India Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Computer Science and Engineering Ranchi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384246

The depletion of traditional energy sources, particularly fossil fuels, and increasing energy demands have prompted a combination of renewable energy sources (RES), Distributed Generation (DG) units, and the extensive uptake of micro grids are shaping the energy landscape. A micro grid operates either independently or in conjunction with the main power grid. In islanded mode, micro sources manage to supply power to loads while maintaining voltage and frequency within acceptable limits. However, islanded microgrids often face challenges related to poor power quality, with voltage unbalance being an important concern. Also, renewable energy systems lack inertia as they do not have any rotating parts. Therefore, this paper addresses the issue by proposing a positive-sequence (PS) in parallel with the negative sequence (NS) controller for a Voltage-Source Converter (VSC)-based DG unit for voltage unbalance reduction in microgrids. Additionally, to intensify the stability of the system, this paper also introduces a Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control framework, utilizing inverter-interfaced distributed energy resources to impart virtual inertia to the system. The proposed controller's design concept is validated via simulation in Simulink/MATLAB, with the results confirming the efficacy of the controller as demonstrated. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Synchronous generators

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An Enhanced Integrated Method for Healthcare Data Classification with Incompleteness

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第11期81卷 3125-3145页

作者： Sonia Goel Meena Tushir Jyoti Arora Tripti Sharma Deepali Gupta Ali Nauman Ghulam Muhammad Electrical and Electronics Engineering(EEE)Department Maharaja Surajmal Institute of TechnologyNew-Delhi110058India Information Technology(IT)Department Maharaja Surajmal Institute of TechnologyNew-Delhi110058India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpuraPunjab140401India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan-si38541Republic of Korea Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia

In numerous real-world healthcare applications,handling incomplete medical data poses significant challenges for missing value imputation and subsequent clustering or classification *** approaches often rely on statistical methods for imputation,which may yield suboptimal results and be computationally *** paper aims to integrate imputation and clustering techniques to enhance the classification of incomplete medical data with improved *** classification methods are ill-suited for incomplete medical *** enhance efficiency without compromising accuracy,this paper introduces a novel approach that combines imputation and clustering for the classification of incomplete ***,the linear interpolation imputation method alongside an iterative Fuzzy c-means clustering method is applied and followed by a classification *** effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated using multiple performance metrics,including accuracy,precision,specificity,and *** encouraging results demonstrate that our proposed method surpasses classical approaches across various performance criteria.

关键词： Incomplete data nearest neighbor linear interpolation imputation clustering classification

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DeBERTa-GRU: Sentiment Analysis for Large Language Model

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4219-4236页

作者： Adel Assiri Abdu Gumaei Faisal Mehmood Touqeer Abbas Sami Ullah Department of Informatics for Business College of BusinessKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Computer Science Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPunjab38000Pakistan

Modern technological advancements have made social media an essential component of daily *** media allow individuals to share thoughts,emotions,and *** analysis plays the function of evaluating whether the sentiment of the text is positive,negative,neutral,or any other personal emotion to understand the sentiment context of the *** analysis is essential in business and society because it impacts strategic *** analysis involves challenges due to lexical variation,an unlabeled dataset,and text distance *** execution time increases due to the sequential processing of the sequence ***,the calculation times for the Transformer models are reduced because of the parallel *** study uses a hybrid deep learning strategy to combine the strengths of the Transformer and Sequence models while ignoring their *** particular,the proposed model integrates the Decoding-enhanced with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)attention(DeBERTa)and the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)for sentiment *** the Decoding-enhanced BERT technique,the words are mapped into a compact,semantic word embedding space,and the Gated Recurrent Unit model can capture the distance contextual semantics *** proposed hybrid model achieves F1-scores of 97%on the Twitter Large Language Model(LLM)dataset,which is much higher than the performance of new techniques.

关键词： DeBERTa GRU Naive Bayes LSTM sentiment analysis large language model

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Towards Secure and Resilient Synchrophasor Networks Using P4 Programmable Switches

Towards Secure and Resilient Synchrophasor Networks Using P4...

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2024 IEEE Green Technologies Conference, GreenTech 2024

作者： He, Zhiyao Qu, Yanfeng Chen, Gong Raj, Reuben Samson Lin, Hui Jin, Dong University of Arkansas Electrical Engineering and Computer Science FayettevilleAR United States Illinois Institute of Technology Computer Science ChicagoIL United States University of Rhode Island Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering KingstonRI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308587

Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) enable high-speed and high-precision power quality measurements, but their vulnerability to cyber-attacks poses substantial risks to the stability and reliability of power systems. This paper explores the application of programmable networks, specifically P4 switches, to enhance the cybersecurity of PMU systems. These switches can be programmed to enable the creation of custom forwarding and processing logic at the data plane level. We analyze PMU-specific attacks through attack trees, propose effective mitigation strategies using programmable switches, and present a case study demonstrating the recovery of missing synchrophasor data by implementing a matrix completion algorithm on the switch data plane. The recovery scheme is evaluated in a container-based P4 network emulator using real PMU data from a campus microgrid. For instance, in the 10% missing data scenario, the recovery scheme can achieve a mean absolute percentage error of 0.038% for voltage magnitude and a phase angle error discrepancy of around 0.08 degrees. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Phasor measurement units

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AODS: Adaptive Obstacle Detection System for Smart Wheelchairs

AODS: Adaptive Obstacle Detection System for Smart Wheelchai...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Control science and Systems engineering, ICCSSE 2024

作者： Li, Lucy Chen, Wenyu Chen, Keyu Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517199

The rising global demand for smart mobility solutions underscores the critical need for advanced technologies in power wheelchairs to ensure the safety and independence of users with mobility challenges. This work introduces a novel segmentation-based pipeline for obstacle detection, specifically tailored for outdoor environments, to enhance navigational safety in smart wheelchairs. The segmentation model within the pipeline addresses prevalent issues in current technologies-such as variable lighting conditions, scale changes, and distance sensitivity-that significantly affect detection accuracy. The proposed model incorporates innovative components, including a Distance Augmentation Module (DAM), Scale Aware Module (SAM), and an Illumination Simulation Module (ISM), ensuring robust performance under diverse operational conditions. Validation on a specially curated dataset from urban settings in Chengdu, China, demonstrates a segmentation accuracy of 86.0%, out-performing existing solutions. The findings suggest substantial improvements in detecting and navigating around obstacles, thereby significantly enhancing the operational efficiency and safety of smart wheelchairs. This work not only contributes a sophisticated algorithmic approach and a tailored dataset to the field but also verifies the practical efficacy of the model through extensive experimental validation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Obstacle detectors

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