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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhou, Wei Wang, Zhou Chen, Zhibo Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L3G1 Canada CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China

Single image super-resolution (SISR) algorithms reconstruct high-resolution (HR) images with their low-resolution (LR) counterparts. It is desirable to develop image quality assessment (IQA) methods that can not only evaluate and compare SISR algorithms, but also guide their future development. In this paper, we assess the quality of SISR generated images in a two-dimensional (2D) space of structural fidelity versus statistical naturalness. This allows us to observe the behaviors of different SISR algorithms as a tradeoff in the 2D space. Specifically, SISR methods are traditionally designed to achieve high structural fidelity but often sacrifice statistical naturalness, while recent generative adversarial network (GAN) based algorithms tend to create more natural-looking results but lose significantly on structural fidelity. Furthermore, such a 2D evaluation can be easily fused to a scalar quality prediction. Interestingly, we find that a simple linear combination of a straightforward local structural fidelity and a global statistical naturalness measures produce surprisingly accurate predictions of SISR image quality when tested using public subject-rated SISR image datasets. Code of the proposed SFSN model is publicly available at https://***/weizhou-geek/SFSN. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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TomoSAR-ALISTA: Efficient TomoSAR imaging via deep unfolded network

TomoSAR-ALISTA: Efficient TomoSAR imaging via deep unfolded ...

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International Conference on Radar Systems (RADAR 2022)

作者： M. Wang Z. Zhang Y. Wang S. Gao X. Qiu Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Aerospace Big Data Application Technology Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department George Mason University Fairfax VA 22030 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781839537776

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) has attracted remarkable interest for its ability in achieving threedimensional reconstruction along the elevation direction from multiple observations. In recent years, compressed sensing (CS) technique has been introduced into TomoSAR considering for its super-resolution ability with limited samples. Whereas, the CS-based methods suffer from several drawbacks, including weak noise resistance, high computational complexity and complex parameter fine-tuning. Among the different CS algorithms, iterative soft-thresholding algorithm (ISTA) is widely used as a robust reconstruction approach, however, the parameters in the ISTA are manually chosen, which usually requires a time-consuming fine-tuning process to achieve the best performance. Aiming at efficient TomoSAR imaging, a novel sparse unfolding network named analytic learned ISTA (ALISTA) is proposed towards the TomoSAR imaging problem in this paper, and the key parameters of ISTA are learned from training data via deep learning to avoid complex parameter fine-tuning and significantly relieves the training burden. In addition, experiments verify that it is feasible to use traditional CS algorithms as training labels, which provides a tangible supervised training method to achieve better 3D reconstruction performance even in the absence of labeled data in real applications.

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ADA-GAD: Anomaly-Denoised Autoencoders for Graph Anomaly Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： He, Junwei Xu, Qianqian Jiang, Yangbangyan Wang, Zitai Huang, Qingming Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Information Engineering CAS Beijing China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Graph anomaly detection is crucial for identifying nodes that deviate from regular behavior within graphs, benefiting various domains such as fraud detection and social network. Although existing reconstruction-based methods have achieved considerable success, they may face the Anomaly Overfitting and Homophily Trap problems caused by the abnormal patterns in the graph, breaking the assumption that normal nodes are often better reconstructed than abnormal ones. Our observations indicate that models trained on graphs with fewer anomalies exhibit higher detection performance. Based on this insight, we introduce a novel two-stage framework called Anomaly-Denoised Autoencoders for Graph Anomaly Detection (ADA-GAD). In the first stage, we design a learning-free anomaly-denoised augmentation method to generate graphs with reduced anomaly levels. We pretrain graph autoencoders on these augmented graphs at multiple levels, which enables the graph autoencoders to capture normal patterns. In the next stage, the decoders are retrained for detection on the original graph, benefiting from the multi-level representations learned in the previous stage. Meanwhile, we propose the node anomaly distribution regularization to further alleviate Anomaly Overfitting. We validate the effectiveness of our approach through extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Ship flame segmentation by fusing DASPP and PE-SCAM attention

Ship flame segmentation by fusing DASPP and PE-SCAM attentio...

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Neural Networks, information and Communication Engineering (NNICE), International Conference on

作者： Xuecong Zheng Li Chen Yaojie Chen School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion Wuhan Hubei China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System Wuhan Hubei China

To solve the problem that the flame area of small targets on ships can not be easily segmented and the flame boundary is obviously affected by other background such as smoke, this experiment improves DeepLabV3+ algorithm from the following three aspects. Firstly, Dense Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (DASPP) was improved to enhance the extraction and utilization of flame boundary and small target flame features. Secondly, in order to avoid the influence of background such as smoke around the flame, the high-level flame features and shallow flame features obtained by DASPP were combined with the improved Attention Mechanism (PE-SCAM) to obtain more context information in spatial and channel dimensions, so as to enhance the processing effect of the model on the flame and its boundaries. Finally, the traditional cross loss function is optimized to reduce the influence caused by the imbalance of positive and negative samples between the flame and the background. Experimental results show that the MIou of the proposed algorithm on the ship flame data set reaches 88.43%, which can realize the accurate segmentation of small target flames and flame boundaries on the basis of ensuring high real-time performance.

关键词： Fires Artificial neural networks Feature extraction Real-time systems Marine vehicles Context modeling

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Iterative Equalization of CPM With Unitary Approximate Message Passing

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Zilong Song, Yi Guo, Qinghua Sun, Peng Gong, Kexian Wang, Zhongyong The School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China The Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control Ministry of Education The College of Information Science and Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou450001 China The School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong WollongongNSW2522 Australia

Continuous phase modulation (CPM) has extensive applications in wireless communications due to its high spectral and power efficiency. However, its nonlinear characteristics pose significant challenges for detection in frequency selective fading channels. This paper proposes an iterative receiver tailored for the detection of CPM signals over frequency selective fading channels. This design leverages the factor graph framework to integrate equalization, demodulation, and decoding functions. The equalizer employs the unitary approximate message passing (UAMP) algorithm, while the unitary transformation is implemented using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) with the aid of a cyclic prefix (CP), thereby achieving low computational complexity while with high performance. For CPM demodulation and channel decoding, with belief propagation (BP), we design a message passing-based maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithm, and the message exchange between the demodulator, decoder and equalizer is elaborated. With proper message passing schedules, the receiver can achieve fast convergence. Simulation results show that compared with existing turbo receivers, the proposed receiver delivers significant performance enhancement with low computational complexity. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fast Fourier transforms

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Select Informative Samples for Night-Time Vehicle Detection Benchmark in Urban Scenes

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Remote Sensing 2023年第17期15卷 4310-4310页

作者： Wang, Xiao Tu, Xingyue Al-Hassani, Baraa Lin, Chia-Wen Xu, Xin School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan430081 China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-Time Industrial System Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan430081 China School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan430081 China Department of Electrical Engineering Industrial Technology Research Institute National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Night-time vehicle detection plays a vital role due to the high incidence of abnormal events in our daily security field. However, existing studies mainly focus on vehicle detection in autonomous driving and traffic intersection scenes, but ignore urban scenes. There are vast differences between these scenes, such as viewpoint, position, illumination, etc. In this paper, the authors present a night-time vehicle detection dataset collected from urban scenes, named Vehicle Detection in Night-Time Urban Scene (VD-NUS). The VD-NUS dataset consists of more than 100 K challenging images, comprising a total of about 500 K labelled vehicles. This paper introduces a vehicle detection framework via an active auxiliary mechanism (AAM) to reduce the annotation workload. The proposed AAM framework can actively select the informative sample for annotation by estimating its uncertainty and locational instability. Furthermore, this paper proposes a computer-assisted detection module embedded in the AAM framework to help human annotators to rapidly and accurately label the selected data. AAM outperformed the baseline method (random sampling) by up to 0.91 AP and 3.0 MR−2 on the VD-NUS dataset. © 2023 by the authors.

关键词： Vehicles

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Causal-IQA: towards the generalization of image quality assessment based on causal inference 24

Causal-IQA: towards the generalization of image quality asse...

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Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning

作者： Yan Zhong Xingyu Wu Li Zhang Chenxi Yang Tingting Jiang School of Mathematical Sciences and National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR China Hefei Institute of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing School of Computer Science and 5National Biomedical Imaging Center Peking University Beijing China

Due to the high cost of Image Quality Assessment (IQA) datasets, achieving robust generalization remains challenging for prevalent deep learning-based IQA methods. To address this, this paper proposes a novel end-to-end blind IQA method: Causal-IQA. Specifically, we first analyze the causal mechanisms in IQA tasks and construct a causal graph to understand the interplay and confounding effects between distortion types, image contents, and subjective human ratings. Then, through shifting the focus from correlations to causality, Causal-IQA aims to improve the estimation accuracy of image quality scores by mitigating the confounding effects using a causality-based optimization strategy. This optimization strategy is implemented on the sample subsets constructed by a Counterfactual Division process based on the Backdoor Criterion. Extensive experiments illustrate the superiority of Causal-IQA.

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OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING WATER-LAND SEGMENTATION REPRESENTATION BASED ON PROPOSED SNS-CNN NETWORK

OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING WATER-LAND SEGMENTATION REPRESENTATIO...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

作者： Shan Dong Long Pang Yin Zhuang Wenchao Liu Zhanxin Yang Teng Long Engineering Center of Digital Audio and Video Communication University of China Beijing China School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China

For water resource analysis applications, due to very high resolution and large observation scope, optical remote sensing images can present more visible object characters. Water-land segmentation from optical remote sensing images is wildly used and becomes a hot research topic. However, since large scale complex background scenes include many interferences, the water-land segmentation from optical remote sensing images becomes a challenge task. Aim to achieve better water area feature description from complex land cover background, we apply a sub-neighbor system convolutional neural network (SNS-CNN) to the water-land segmentation in harbor scene areas. First, on the basis of the U-net structure, an optimized up-sampling process is proposed to enhance water area feature expression. Second, a novel sub-neighbor system constraint of each predicted pixel point is leaded into the loss function to make the model producing water mask more coherent. Furthermore, experiments on our collected variety of optical remote sensing images demonstrate that this paper proposed water-land segmentation method can produce better performance than state of the art methods.

关键词： Image segmentation Convolution Remote sensing Optical imaging Optical sensors Feature extraction Convolutional neural networks

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Sparse common feature representation for undersampled face recognition

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2021年第7期8卷 5607-5618页

作者： Yang, Shicheng Wen, Ying He, Lianghua Zhou, MengChu Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing Department of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University Shanghai200241 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJ07102 United States Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia

This work investigates the problem of undersampled face recognition (i.e., insufficient training data) encountered in practical Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. Insufficient and uncertain samples captured by IoT devices may include background and facial disguise that makes face recognition more challenging than that with sufficient and reliable images. Many models work well in face recognition on a big data set, but when training data are insufficient, they achieve unsatisfactory performance. This work proposes a novel method named sparse common feature-based representation (SCFR) that provides a unique and stable result and completely avoids very time-consuming training required by a deep learning model. Specially, it constructs a common feature dictionary using both training and test images. Thereinto, a common feature is based on a discriminative common vector and learned by a Gaussian mixture model for both training and test images in a semisupervised learninig manner, which would reduce the difference among samples in each class. In the optimization, the latent indicator of test data is initialized by the estimated label. This can avoid learning invalid information and lead to good prototype images. A new variation dictionary characterizes variables that can be shared by different classes. Finally, this work adopts minimum reconstruction residuals to recognize test images, thus bringing about a substantial improvement in SCFR's performance. Extensive results on benchmark face databases demonstrate that the proposed method is better than the state-of-the-art methods handling undersampled face recognition. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Face recognition

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Adaptive discriminant analysis for face recognition from single sample per person

Adaptive discriminant analysis for face recognition from sin...

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International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition

作者： Meina Kan Shiguang Shan Yu Su Xilin Chen Wen Gao Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Beijing CN Department of Computer Science University of Caen France Institute of Digital Media Peking University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Beijing China

Discriminant analysis, especially Fisherface and its numerous variants, have achieved great success in face recognition. However, these methods fail to work for face recognition from Single Sample per Person (SSPP), since they need more than one sample per person to estimate the within-class scatter matrix. To break this inability of traditional discriminant analysis, our paper proposes Adaptive Discriminant Analysis (ADA). In our method, the within-class scatter matrix of each enrolled subject is estimated from his/her single sample, by inferring from a generic training set with multiple samples per person. The inference is inspired by a simple intuition that similar person follows similar within-class variations. Specifically, both kNN regression and Lasso regression are explored for this purpose. We evaluate our method on FERET database and a large real-world face database. The results are very impressive compared with dominant traditional solutions to SSPP problem.

关键词： Training Databases Face Face recognition Testing Lighting Nearest neighbor searches

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