In this paper, we provide a non route-calculating MPLS LdP fast protection switching scheme called LdP NrC-FPS scheme which is efficient in transient multi-failures in MPLS networks. This scheme makes full use of vari...
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In this paper, we provide a non route-calculating MPLS LdP fast protection switching scheme called LdP NrC-FPS scheme which is efficient in transient multi-failures in MPLS networks. This scheme makes full use of various working modes and configurable loop detection of LdP protocol.. When network failures happen, the scheme need not to compute routing again. The scheme uses Path Vector TLV and Hop Count TLV in LdP mapping message to avoid loop in transient multi-failure scenario. Furthermore, OAM mechanism has been introduced into LdP NrC-FPS scheme for accelerating fault recovery process. Compared with traditional fast rerouting strategies in IP and MPLS layer, it reduces the failure recovery time of rerouting and has the advantage of more efficient network resource utilization. Performance analysis shows that LdP NrC-FPS scheme outperforms than traditional IP fast reroute scheme and MPLS protection switching scheme at loop ratio , path unreachable ratio and control message overhead aspects.
作者：
ZHAO WeiHE GaohongNIE FeiZHANG LinglingState Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 School of Petrochemical Engineering
Shenyang University of Technology Liaoyang 111003 State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012
We have obtained the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of 3.4meV for an electron at the interface of nickel-silicide (NiSi) and silicon (Si) interface using sulfur (S) implantation after silicidation (S-IAS) process follo...
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We have obtained the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of 3.4meV for an electron at the interface of nickel-silicide (NiSi) and silicon (Si) interface using sulfur (S) implantation after silicidation (S-IAS) process followed by drive-in annealing process. This value of SBH is much smaller than those previously reported. The NiSi/Si interface morphology observed by TEM indicating well interfacial flatness and no degradation occurs by sulfur implantation. The secondary-ion-mass-spectroscopy (SIMS) analysis result showed that S diffusion was suppressed by S-IAS process, leading to such a small value of SBH. In addition, S-IAS process was applied to 50nm MOSFET and the parasitic resistance was effectively lowered.
Forwarding and control element separation (ForCES) architecture network devices can satisfy the requirements of reconstruction for the new generation of the Internet better. This paper proposes a novel synthetic netwo...
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Forwarding and control element separation (ForCES) architecture network devices can satisfy the requirements of reconstruction for the new generation of the Internet better. This paper proposes a novel synthetic network management model based on ForCES. This model regards the device under management (dUM) as forwarding element (FE) in ForCES architecture and uses FE model to abstract the definition of management function block (MFB), dUM communicates with network management controller using ForCES. This model provides an efficient and flexible method for synthetic network management of diverse dUMs.
This paperdesigned and implemented with Visual C++ a software video stream processing system to realize the real-time automatic vehicle speeddetection and vehicle number counting. Based on geometric optics, we first...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424449934
This paperdesigned and implemented with Visual C++ a software video stream processing system to realize the real-time automatic vehicle speeddetection and vehicle number counting. Based on geometric optics, we first present a simplified method to accurately map the coordinates in image domain into real-worlddomain. The second part is focused on the vehicle detection in digital image frames in video stream. We tested this system on a laptop powered by an Intel Centrino-2 (1.2 GHZ) CPU and 1GB rAM. The processing speed is 18.0 frames/second. Experiment also shows the system is able to simultaneously perform vehicle speeddetection and vehicle number counting over multiple lanes. The detected vehicle speed's average error is 2.3 km/hour and counting accuracy achieves 97.8% (2298 among 2340 vehicles) for a video clip of 42 minutes.
In order to meet the needs of product collaborative design, a method of data update consistency control was presented based on Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network technology. The data consistency management mode was establishe...
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In order to meet the needs of product collaborative design, a method of data update consistency control was presented based on Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network technology. The data consistency management mode was established in P2P collaborative design environment, and method of data update control was analyzed among design peers. Through constructing collaborative mode of P2P groups, we realized control mechanism of data update consistency on the basis of the design constraint sets. The proposed approach offered effectively technical support fordynamic data management of design process in distributed collaborative environment.
Esterification assisted by pervaporation separation can enhance the yield of ester for thermodynamically or kinetically limitedreaction via selective removal of water from the reaction mixture. In the present study, ...
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Esterification assisted by pervaporation separation can enhance the yield of ester for thermodynamically or kinetically limitedreaction via selective removal of water from the reaction mixture. In the present study, organic–inorganic hybrid membranes were prepared by in situ hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) within chitosan (CS) aqueous solution for pervaporation-assisted esterification of lactic acid with ethanol, catalyzed by Amberlyst 15 ion-exchange resin. The composition and structural properties of CS–TEOS hybrid membranes were investigated by FT-Ir, Xrd, TGA and contact angle. The dehydration performances of hybrid membranes were evaluated by pervaporation of aqueous ethanol solution. Comparing with CS pristine membrane, CS–TEOS hybrid membranes exhibitedremarkably enhancing pervaporation property. Pervaporation-assisted esterification results suggested that the incorporation of pervaporation process to preferentially remove water from the reaction mixture substantially enhanced the yield of ethyl lactate from 66 wt.% to 80 wt.%. The effects of membrane casting solution recipe, reaction temperature, initial molarratio of ethanol to lactic acid and catalyst loading amount on the process performance have been examined in detail.
In order to improve the ability of on-time deliveries, the proportional integral (PI) control algorithm is proposed to apply for work-in-progress (WIP) control in discrete manufacturing systems. To guarantee the least...
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In order to improve the ability of on-time deliveries, the proportional integral (PI) control algorithm is proposed to apply for work-in-progress (WIP) control in discrete manufacturing systems. To guarantee the least amount of WIP in the production system, a sensitivity constrained optimization model is designed on the frequency domain. Taking certain motorcycle engine crankcases' production system as an example, the feasibility of PI application is evaluated. Two kinds of controllers, a backlog controller and an input-rate controller, are then devised to realize the proportional and integral control in production systems. Interacting with each other, these controllers have made the engineering implementation of PI controllers a reality. Simulation results confirm that the implemented PI controllers contain good control effects.
Bridge pressure flow scour at clear water threshold condition is studied theoretically and *** flume experiments reveal that the measured scour profiles under a bridge are more or less 2-dimensional;all the measured s...
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Bridge pressure flow scour at clear water threshold condition is studied theoretically and *** flume experiments reveal that the measured scour profiles under a bridge are more or less 2-dimensional;all the measured scour profiles can be described by two similarity equations,where the horizontal distance is scaled by the deck width while the local scour by the maximum scourdepth;the maximum scour position is located just under the bridge about 15% deck width from the downstream deck edge;the scour begins at about one deck width upstream the bridge while the deposition occurs at about 2.5 deck widths downstream the bridge;and the maximum scourdepth decreases with increas-ing sediment size,but increases with deck *** theoretical analysis shows that:bridge scour can be divided into three cases,*** unsubmerged,partially submerged,and totally *** downstream unsubmerged flows,the maximum bridge scourdepth is an open-channel problem where the conventional methods in terms of critical velocity or bed shear stress can be applied;for partially and totally submerged flows,the equilibrium maximum scourdepth can be described by a scour and an inundation similarity number,which has been confirmed by experiments with two decks and two sediment *** application,a design and field evaluation procedure with examples is presented,including the maximum scourdepth and scour profile.
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