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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Junpei Nishiyama Koji Tanida Masashi Kusumi Yutaka Hirata Department of Computer Science Chubu University College of Engineering Kasugai Japan researchers Honda R&D Co. Ltd. Automobile R&D Center Department 4 Technology Research Division 2. e-mail: Koji_Tanida@n.t.rd.honda.co.jp Automobile Research and Development Center Department Technology Research Division Japan

Prediction of drowsiness based on an objective measure is demanded in machine and vehicle operations in which human errors may cause fatal accidents. Currently we focused on the pupil of the eye which is controlled by the autonomic nervous system, and easily observable non-invasively from the outside of the body. We employed uneventful driving simulation to induce drowsiness of human subjects, and an anti-saccade task to evaluate their cognitive and motor performance. First we confirmed that pupil diameter fluctuates with large amplitude at low frequencies when the subject is aware of his/her drowsiness as reported previously. during this period, the latency of anti-saccade initiation was elongated and varied. We then found that prior to this fluctuation, pupil diameter decreases gradually in most subjects, and they were not aware of sleepiness during this period. We conclude that this monotonic gradual miosis can be a reliable premonitor of drowsiness.

关键词： Humans Vehicles Autonomic nervous system Frequency Fluctuations Signal design Computer science Automotive engineering research and development Accidents

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ICI Canceling Space-Frequency Block Code for MISO-OFdM in Fast Fading Channels

ICI Canceling Space-Frequency Block Code for MISO-OFDM in Fa...

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IEEE GLOBECOM 2007 - IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference

作者： Jae Yeun Yun Eui-rim Jeong Jong Guk Ahn Jong-Tae Ihm Sae-Young Chung Yong H. Lee Mobile Device & Access Network R&D Center SK Telecom Sungnam South Korea Division of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea

An intercarrier interference (ICI) canceling technique for multiple-input single-output (MISO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFdM) systems in fast fading channels is proposed. The proposed scheme consists of a linear space-frequency block code (SFBC) at the transmitter and a receive frequency block code (rFBC) at the receiver. The code design is based on the upper bound of pairwise error probability (PEP) which is derived under assumptions and approximations stated. Specifically, the proposed code is designed to minimize the upper bound of the PEP. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed technique outperforms the conventional methods in fast fading environments.

关键词： Block codes Fading OFdM Upper bound Partial response channels Interference cancellation Transmitters Pairwise error probability degradation Time domain analysis

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Effect of Pad Hole on ECMP process

Effect of Pad Hole on ECMP process

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International Conference on Planarization / CMP technology

作者： Sukhoon Jeong Sangjik Lee Jaehong Park Hyoungjae Kim Haedo Jeong Department of Precision & Engineering Pusan National University Jangjeon-dong Geumjeong-gu Busan 609-735 Korea Busan R&D Center Korea institute of industrial Technology 609-735 Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783800730650

Electrochemical mechanical planarization (ECMP) process makes copper ions dissolved electrochemically by applying an anodic potential energy on the copper surface in an aqueous electrolyte, and then copper complex layer removed by the mechanical action of polishing pad. The ECMP process allows lower pressure processing to soft Cu built on mechanically fragile low-k dielectrics, comparing to traditional Cu chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). The polishing pad used in ECMP is a conventional IC pad with holes, and has roles of supplying aqueous electrolyte to copper surface and removing copper complex layer. Material removal rate (Mrr) and, uniformity are tested according to diameter and arrangement of holes opened on the polishing pad, and simulated by the change of the wafer overhang distance (WOd) from the platen and the electric contact area (ECA). In order to derive the design rule of the system, the experimental results are compared with the simulation. After ECMP process, it was verified that WIWNU was lower than 2% using the relatively uniform ECA pad (C-type) under smaller WOd which was well matched with the simulated Mrr profiles.

关键词： Copper Force Abrasives

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2-stack 1d-1r Cross-point Structure with Oxide diodes as Switch Elements for High density resistance rAM Applications

2-stack 1D-1R Cross-point Structure with Oxide Diodes as Swi...

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2007 IEEE International Electron devices Meeting (IEdM 2007), vol.2

作者： Myoung-Jae Lee Youngsoo Park Bo-Soo Kang Seung-Eon Ahn Changbum Lee Kihwan Kim Wenxu. Xianyu G. Stefanovich Jung-Hyun Lee Seok-Jae Chung Yeon-Hee Kim Chang-Soo Lee Jong-Bong Park In-Gyu Baek In-Kyeong Yoo Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Semiconductor Device Laboratory Gyeonggi-Do Korea Nano Fabrication Technology Center Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Gyeonggi-Do Korea Analytical Engineering Center Samsuna Advanced Institute of Technology Gyeonggi-Do Korea Advanced Process Development Team Semiconductor R&D Center Gyeonggi-Do Korea

We have successfully integrated a 2-stack 8×8 array 1d-1r (one diode-one resistor) structure with 0.5μm×0.5μm cells in order to demonstrate the feasibility of high density stacked rrAM. p-CuO{sub}X/n-InZnO{sub}X heterojunction thin film was used for the first time as a oxide diode which shows increased current density of two orders over our previous p-NiO{sub}x/n-TiO{sub}x oxide diode. And Ti-doped NiO was used for the storage node. No limitation to the number of stacks has been observed from our results. Cell and device properties of our cross-point structure 8×8 array are reported. In addition, all fabrication processes were done at room temperature without other dedicated facilities or processes allowing for compatibility with current CMOS technology. Bi-stable switching for 1d-1r memory was demonstrated for our 2-stack cross-point structures showing excellent behavior for both diode and storage nodes. The forward current density for p-CuO{sub}X/n-IZO{sub}X diodes was over 10{sup}4 A/cm{sup}2, and the operation voltage for the storage node with diode attached was around 3V.

关键词： Switches diodes Current density CMOS technology read-write memory resistors Heterojunctions Transistors Fabrication Temperature

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Performance analysis of pursuit-evasion game based guidance laws

Performance analysis of pursuit-evasion game based guidance ...

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European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： Young-Sam Kim Tae-Hun Kim Min-Jea Tahk Hyeok ryu Hanwha Corporation R&D Center Daejeon Republic of Korea Division of Aerospace Engineering at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea Korea Aerospace Research Institute Daejeon Republic of Korea

We propose guidance laws that are based on pursuit-evasion game. The game solutions are obtained from the pursuit-evasion game solver developed by the authors. In this paper, we introduce a direct method to solve planar pursuit-evasion games with control variable constraints, in which the game solution is sought by iteration of the steps of update and correction. The initial value of the game solution is used for guidance of the evader and the pursuer, and then the pursuit-evasion game is solved again at the next time step. In this respect, the proposed guidance laws are similar to the approach of model predictive control. The proposed guidance method is compared with proportional navigation guidance for a pursuit-evasion scenario, in which the evader always tries to maximize the capture time. The capture sets of the two guidance methods are demonstrated.

关键词： Games drag Trajectory Aerospace engineering radio frequency Null space Equations

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Preparing an Environment-benignly rare-earth Based Chemical Conversion Coatings on 6063 A luminium Alloy

Preparing an Environment-benignly Rare-earth Based Chemical ...

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Fifth International Conference on Surface engineering(第五届表面工程国际会议)

作者： dongchu Chen Guixiang Wu Wenfang Li Wenhui Gong Yiqing Liang School of Science Foshan UniversityFoshanChina528000 Collegue of mechanical engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina510640 R&D center Duangdong Xinfa GroupFoshanChina528061

In order to develop an environmental-benignly process to form chemical conversion coating on 6063 Al alloy and to substitute the traditional toxic hexavalent chromium treatment,a new surface treatment technology based on rare-earth compound was *** this process,Ce(NO3)3 was chosen as the main component of the chrome-free preparing solution,and KMnO4 was used as oxidant to accelerate the coating formation on 6063 Al *** of SrCl2 and NH4VO3 were also added to the preparing solution to improve the coating ***,to understand the effect of Ce(NO3)3,KMnO4 and treatment time duration upon the coating growth on 6063 Al alloy,an L16(43) orthogonal experiment was carried ***,SEM and EdS were used to analyse the coating surface structure,morphology and *** was found that a good anti-corrosion coating could be formed in the optimal preparing solution of 5 g/L Ce(NO3)3,4 g/L KMnO4,1.4 g/L SrCl2 at the temperature of 20 ℃,and both accelerants of NH4VO3 and SrCl2 could increase the thickness of the conversion coating and also improve the corrosion resistance of the *** coating is mainly composed of the elements of Al,Ce,O,Mn,Mg.

关键词： aluminium alloy rare-earth conversion coating anti-corrosion

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Oxide Thickness Profile Measurement by dispersive White-Light Interferometry in CMP Process

Oxide Thickness Profile Measurement by Dispersive White-Ligh...

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International Conference on Planarization / CMP technology

作者： Haedo Jeong Boumyoung Park Youngjin Kim Hyoungjae Kim Young-Sik Ghim Joonho You Seung-Woo Kim Department of Precision & Mechanical Engineering Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Korea Busan R&D Center Korea Institute of Industrial Technology 609-735 Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 305-701 Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783800730650

Thickness profiles of CMPed oxide thin films are precisely measured by means of spectrally-resolved analysis based on dispersive white-light interferometry. This method allows not only the top surface profile but also the film thickness of an oxide film layer to be measured simultaneously with fine lateral and depth resolutions, leading to a complete 3-d tomographical reconstruction of the measured thin film. Besides, very thin films of less than 0.1 micrometer thickness can be accurately measured with precision in the nanometer range. No mechanical depth scanning is required during measurement, thus the proposed method is fast enough for the non-contact in-line inspection required for effective quality assurance of CMPed wafers.

关键词： Silicon Lead Lenses Chemicals Charge coupled devices

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The dynamic Control of Hybrid Energy Storage Sysem for Mild HEV

The Dynamic Control of Hybrid Energy Storage Sysem for Mild ...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicle Power and Propulsion (VPPC)

作者： Baek-Haeng Lee dong-Hyun Shin Hyun-Sik Song Jin-Beom Jeong Hee-Jun Kim Byeong-Woo Kim Department of Electronic Electrical Hanyang University South Korea KOREA Electronics System R&D Center Korea Automotive Technology Institute (KATECH) Division of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Hanyang University School of Electrical Engineering Ulsan University

To improve the cycle life and efficiency of an energy storage system for HEV, a dynamic control system consisted of a switch between battery and ultracapacitor module and a controller is proposed, which is appropriate for mild hybrid vehicle with 42 V power net. The switch can be controlled based on the status of the battery and the ultracapacitor module, and a control algorithm that could largely decrease the number of high charging current peak is also implemented. Therefore the cycle life of the battery can be improved such that it is suitable for a mild hybrid vehicle with frequent engine start-stop and regenerative-braking. Also, by maximizing the use of the ultracapacitor, the system efficiency during high current charging and discharging operation is improved. Finally, this system has the effects that improves the efficiency of energy storage system and reduces the fuel consumption of a vehicle. To verify the validity of the proposed system, this paper presented cycles test results of different energy storage systems: a simple VrLA battery, hybrid energy pack (HEP, a VrLA battery in parallel with Ultracapacitor) and a HEP with a switch that controlled by energy management system (EMS). From the experimental result, it was proved the effectiveness of the algorithm.

关键词： Energy storage Hybrid electric vehicles Switches Supercapacitors Control systems Vehicle dynamics Battery powered vehicles Engines Fuels System testing

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reduction of dishing in Polysilicon CMP for MEMS Application by Using protective Layer and High Selectivity

Reduction of Dishing in Polysilicon CMP for MEMS Application...

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International Conference on Planarization / CMP technology

作者： Woonki Shin Sungmin Park Hyoungjae Kim Kihyun Park Sukbae Joo Haedo Jeong Department of Mechanical and Precision Engineering Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Korea Dept. of Mechanical Engineering University of California at Berkeley USA Busan R&D Center Korea Institute of Industrial Technology 609-735 Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783800730650

The aim of this paper is to develop the planarization process to make flat surface in patterned areas for multilevel MEMS devices using CMP process. With creating planar surface in each layer, the accuracy and flexibility of following steps such as lithography, etching and/or deposition process can be drastically enhanced. For this purpose, the two step CMP process has been developed. The 30nm thick protective oxide layer was deposited to protect recessed areas. The wafer with protective layer is then polished with low selectivity slurry to partially remove protruded area while suppressing the removal rate of the recessed area. After the first step CMP process, high selectivity slurry was used to minimize the dishing amount and variation in pattern structures. Experimental results show that the dishing amount was less than 30nm at the largest pattern of 1250um wide and had no variation in whole patterns, which means local and global planarization. This result suggests that the developed two step CMP process can be successfully applicable to fabricate the multilevel MEMS device.

关键词： Micromechanical devices Slurries

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Abstracts for the 6th Congress of Asian Sleep research Society

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Sleep and Biological rhythms 2009年第4期7卷 A1-A49页

作者： Seog Ju Kim In Kyoon Lyoo Yu-Jin Lee do-Un Jeong Hirohiko Kanai Masanori Ookubo Atsushi Yoshimura Masako Okawa Noto Yamada Takeshi Munezawa Yoshitaka Kaneita Yoneatsu Osaki Hideyuki Kanda Tadahiro Ohtsu Masumi Minowa Kenji Suzuki Susumu Hijuchi Hiroyuki Suzuki Takashi Ohida Takashi Abe Yoko Komada Shoichi Asaoka Yuichi Inoue Jin-Seong Lee Sang-Yong Cho deependra Kumar Hruda N. Mallick Velayudhan M. Kumar Mahesh K. Kaushik Akihiro Karashima Noiihiro Katayama Mitsuyuki Nakao ravindra P. Nagendra Sathiamma Sulekha Sathyaprabha T. Narasappa Pradhan Nityanadan Bindu M. Kutty M. Nirmala P. N. ravindra Basavaraj ramappa Tubaki T. N. Sathyaprabha d. Sudhakar G. S. Lavekar C. r. Chandrashekar Kazuyoshi Kitaoka Mika Shimizu Sachiko Chikahisa Kazuo Yoshizaki Hiroyoshi Sei Jong-Won Kim Misa Takegami Shin Yamazaki Yasuaki Hayashino rei Ono Koji Otani Miho Sekiguchi Shinichi Konno Shunichi Fukuhara Antonia J. Jakobson Paul Fitzgerald russell Conduit Xin Shirley Li Siu Ping Joyce Lam Wai Man Mandy Yu Yun Kwok Wing Kazue Okamoto-Mizuno Koh Mizuno Mituaki Yamamoto Shuichiro Shirakawa Hirokazu doi Mikako Kato Kazuyuki Shinohara Masako Tamaki Shiori Matsuda Katsuo Yamazaki Tadao Hori Keiko Ogawa Kazumi Takahashi Kunio Kitahama Katuo Yamazaki Yoshimasa Koyama Kohei Shioda Yugo Ueda Yukiko Nakamura Clara Inoue Kazushige Goto Sunao Uchida Yuko Morita Yoshiko Honda Tohru Kodama Mari Hagihara Toru Nakajima Masato Saito Yoshihiko Koga Shinichiro Tanaka Hiroshi Yamadera Madoka Takahara Sachiko Suwa Minoru Onozuka Sadao Sato Fumiharu Togo Taiki Komatsu Takeshi Mitani Jongbae Choi Bin Zhang Taeko Sasai Hiromi Mitsubayashi Mitsuhiro Ohtsu Isao Hasegawa Tatsuya Ishii Akira Komori Asami Suzuki Yue Nakahara Mitsuyasu Hiroki Mariko Nakauma Nobuo Someya Tomomasa Ochiai Shouhei Komori rayleigh Ping-Ying Chiang Zai-Ting Yeh Seong T. Kim Seung H. Yoon Jeong S. Kwon Jong H. Choi Hyung J. Ahn Youngsoo Kim Bolortuya Yunren Lichao Chen radhika Basheer robert W. Mccarley robert E. Strecker Makoto Honda Tetsuaki Arai Miyuki Fukazawa Yutaka Honda Kuniaki T Department of Psychiatry Gachon University of Medicine and Science Incheon Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry Shiga University of Medical Science Otsu Japan Division of Public Health Department of Social Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Department of Public Health Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine Department of Social Medicine Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Yonago Japan Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan Department of Public Health Showa University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Faculty of Humanities Seitoku University Matsudo Japan Section on Behavioral Science Division of Clinical Research National Hospital Organization Kurihama Alcoholism Center Yokosuka Japan Department of Otolaryngology Second Hospital Fujita Health University Nagoya Japan National Hospital Organization Kurihama Alcoholism Center Kanagawa Japan Metropolitan Police Department Criminal Investigation Laboratory Tokyo Japan Japan Somnology Center Neuropsychiatrie Research Institute Tokyo Japan Department of Somnology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan Japan Somnology Center Neuropsychiatric Research Institute Tokyo Japan Department of Somnology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Physiology Al

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