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International Conference on Vacuum Nanoelectronics (IVNC)

作者： W. rochanachirapar K. Murakami N. Yamasaki S. Abo F. Wakaya M. Takai A. Hosono S. Okuda Research Center for Materials Science at Extreme Conditions and Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Osaka Japan Advanced Technology R&D Center Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Hyogo Japan

The I-V characteristics of carbon nanotube (CNT) cathodes after laser irradiation in air, N/sub 2/ and O/sub 2/ atmospheres have been compared to investigate the influence of each component of air. The I-V characteristic of CNT cathodes irradiated in O/sub 2/ was drastically improved, while there was almost no improvement in I-V characteristics irradiated in N/sub 2/. The O/sub 2/ pressure dependence during laser irradiation to CNT cathodes was also examined. The emission current density at an applied field of 6.6 V//spl mu/m was increased by a factor of 200 for laser irradiation in air. The emission current was enhanced by a factor of 400 for laser irradiation in 10/sup 5/ Pa of O/sub 2/ and the number of emission sites was drastically increased. The emission current density increased with an increase in pressure. The mechanism for drastic improvement in electron emission by UV laser irradiation is via laser-induced oxidation.

关键词： Atmosphere Gas lasers Surface treatment Surface emitting lasers Cathodes Current density Electron emission Laser theory Materials science and technology Printing

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EFFECTS OF MOdIFICATION OF THE CArBIdE CHArACTErISTICS THrOUGH GrAIN BOUNdArY SErrATION ON CrEEP-FATIGUE LIFE IN AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第5期17卷 632-638页

作者： K.J.Kim H.U.Hong K.S.Min S.W.Nam Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Deajeon 305-701 KoreaPosco Technical Research Laboratory #1 Koedong-dong Nam-gu Pohang 790-300 KoreaProcess Solution Development Team 1 LCD R&D Center AMLCD Division Device Solution Network Samsung Electronics Co. LTD.San 24 Nongseo-ri Giheung-eup Yongin Gyeonggi-do 449-771 KoreaDept. of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Deajeon 305-701 Korea

Modification of the carbide characteristics through the grain boundary serration is investigated, using an AISI 316 and 304 stainless steels. In both steels, triangular carbides were observed at straight grain boundaries while planar carbides were observed at the serrated grain boundaries. The serrated grain boundary energy is observed to be much lower than that of the straight one. Therefore, the carbide morphology is found to be changed from triangular to planar along the serrated boundary to reduce the interfacial energy between the carbide and the matrix. The creep-fatigue properties of these steels at 873K have been investigated. The creep-fatigue life of the sample with planar carbide at the serrated grain boundary was found to be much longer than that with triangular carbide at the straight one. These results imply that the planar carbides with lower interfacial energy have higher cavitation resistance, resulting in the retardation of cavity nucleation and growth to increase creep-fatigue life.

关键词： cavity nucleation factor grain boundary serration carbide morphology austenitic stainless steel grain boundary cavitation

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A seamless handoff scheme for UMTS-WLAN interworking

A seamless handoff scheme for UMTS-WLAN interworking

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IEEE Conference and Exhibition on Global Telecommunications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Hyun-Ho Choi O. Song dong-Ho Cho Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology South Korea Telecommunication R&D Center Samsung Electronics Company Limited South Korea

In this paper, we present a practical UMTS-WLAN interworking architecture based on 3GPP standards, and propose a seamless handoff scheme that guarantees low delay and low packet loss during UMTS-WLAN handoff. For low handoff delay, the proposed handoff scheme performs pre-registration and pre-authentication processes before the layer 2 handoff. Moreover, it uses packet buffering and forwarding functions in order to reduce packet loss during the handoff period. Numerical and simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs well with respect to signaling cost, handoff delay, and packet loss compared with conventional schemes.

关键词： delay Wireless LAN Mobile radio mobility management Protocols 3G mobile communication IP networks Authentication research and development Electronic mail Computer architecture

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Structural deformation of single-wall carbon nanotubes during field emission process

Structural deformation of single-wall carbon nanotubes durin...

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International Conference on Vacuum Nanoelectronics (IVNC)

作者： S.H. Lee J.H. Lee W.S. Kim H.J. Lee T.W. Jeong J.N. Heo J.B. Park J.M. Kim S.H. Cho T.I. Yoon M.A. Yoo J.W. Moon J.W. Nam J.H. Park J.S. Ha d.H. Choe The National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Electron Emission Source Technology Development 3 Team Corporate R&D Center Kiheung Yongin Korea Analytical Engineering LAB Lab Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Suwon Korea

Stable electron emission from CNT emitters at required current densities is necessary to apply to the commercial devices. Generally, the current degradation during field emission has been understood as evaporation of emitter or breaking apart of tip end under intensive electrical field. In this report, we suggest one more possible mechanism that the emission current degradation may occur by increased resistance of emitters through structural deformation under field emission. The effect of current density and time on the structure of SWNT emitters was studied with TEM, low current density (100 /spl mu/A/cm/sup 2/ for 1 h) application gave no detectable structural deformation with comparison to pristine SWNTs. However, the bundles of SWNTs were deformed to amorphous structure starting at tip ends or defect sites when a high current density (500 /spl mu/m/cm/sup 2/ for more than 1h) was applied. It supports that the deformation of SWNT results from heat during emission at emitters. It is understood that the heat during emission could give a rise to destruct the crystalline structure and reconstruct the carbon bonding in SWNTs bundles. We also understood that the increase of the turn-on voltage is attributed to the increase of electrical resistance of emitters raising from structural deformation during emission process.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Current density degradation Electric resistance Electron emission Amorphous materials Crystallization Carbon dioxide Bonding Voltage

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development of Straight Style Transfer Equipment for Lower Limbs disabled: Verification of Basic Motion

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Journal of robotics and Mechatronics 2004年第5期16卷 456-463页

作者： Mori, Yoshikazu Takayama, Kazuhiro Zengo, Takeshi Nakamura, Tatsuya Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan University 1-1 Minami-Osawa Tokyo Hachioji192-0397 Japan Engineering Development Department B6 Honda R&D Co. Ltd. Tochigi R&D Center 4630 Shimotakanezawa Haga-machi Haga-gun Tochigi321-3393 Japan IJ Technology Development Center Technology & Development Group Fuji Xerox Co. Ltd. 2274 Hongo Kanagawa Ebina-shi243-0494 Japan

We developed straight style transfer equipment for a person with disabled legs. It realizes travel in a standing state even on uneven ground, standing-up motion from a seated position, and ascending stairs. This equipment comprises three modules: a pair of telescopic crutches, a powered lower extremity orthosis, and a pair of mobile platforms. We detail the conceptual design of the equipment and the motion of each module. Cooperative operations using three modules are discussed through simulations. We verified travel in a standing state, including rotation, and standing-up motion from a chair through experiments using prototypes of telescopic crutches and mobile platforms. © 2004, Fuji technology Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Conceptual design

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Characteristics of polarization diversity bi-directional antenna in expressway environment

Characteristics of polarization diversity bi-directional ant...

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Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium

作者： P. Keowsawat K. Meksamoot C. Phongcharoenpanich S. Kosulvit M. Krairiksh Faculty of Engineering and Research Center for Communications and Information Technology King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand R&D Department Alan Dick(Thailand) Co. Ltd ity>Nakhon Pathom Thailand

A polarization diversity bi-directional antenna is proposed to be used as the cell station antenna in the expressway environment. The gain patterns are simulated by wire-grid modeling. The experimental radiation pattern and SWr agree reasonably with the simulated results which validates the accuracy of the wire-grid modeling. The bi-directional pattern and good diversity performance of this proposed antenna ensure that this antenna is a promising candidate for the cell station antennas in the expressway environment.

关键词： Polarization Bidirectional control Probes diversity reception Fading Wires Information technology research and development Mobile antennas Mobile communication

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A non-data-aided SNr estimation algorithm for QAM signals

A non-data-aided SNR estimation algorithm for QAM signals

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International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS)

作者： Hua Xu Zupeng Li Hui Zheng National Key Laboratory of Signal Processing IETTC Chengdu China National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center Zhengzhou China The University of Electronic Science & Technology Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)0780386477

We propose a non-data-aided (NdA) signal-to-noise-ratio (SNr) estimation algorithm for quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The NdA SNr estimation algorithm for QAM signals is derived based on a statistical ratio of observables over a block of data. The simple analysis and computer simulation for some kinds of QAM signals have been done, the results of which have proved that all the tested QAM signals can be effectively estimated by this algorithm.

关键词： Quadrature amplitude modulation Signal to noise ratio AWGN Amplitude estimation Additive white noise data analysis Signal analysis Algorithm design and analysis Computer simulation Testing

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A Highly Manufacturadle Low-k ALd-SiBN Process for 60nm NANd Flash devices and Beyond

A Highly Manufacturadle Low-k ALD-SiBN Process for 60nm NAND...

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IEEE International Electron devices Meeting, 2004 IEdM

作者： Kim, Jin-Gyun Ahn, Jae-Young Kim, Hong-Suk Lim, Ju-Wan Kim, Chae-Ho Shu, Hoka Hasebe, Kazuhide Hur, Sung-Hoi Park, Jong-Ho Kim, Hee-Seok Shin, Yu-Gyun Chung, U-In Moon, Joo-Tae Process Development Team Technology Development Team Semiconductor R&D Center Samsung Electronics Co. LTD Gyeonggi-Do Yongin-City449-711 Korea Republic of Process Engineering Section Thermal Processing Systems BU Tokyo Electron Ltd. 650 Mitsuzawa Hosaka-cho Yamanashi Nirasaki407-0192 Japan

For the first time, low-k dielectric ALd-SiBN (Atomic Layer deposition) is successfully developed and applied on poly-Si/WSix gate as a spacer for reduction of parasitic capacitance between the cells. ALd-SiBN deposition is performed at 630°C using dichlorosilane (SiH2Cl2-dCS), boron-trichloride (BCl3) and ammonia (NH3) as precursors. Compared with the conventional silicon nitride, ALd-SiBN exhibits similar film properties at lower dielectric constant. ALd-SiBN layer is deposited on poly-Si/WSix stack gate in 90nm NANd flash device. A significant reduction (>15%) of the floating-gate coupling voltage is achieved by employing SiBN compared with SiN spacer. In addition, excellent data retention characteristics (@HTS) is identified by applying lowk dielectric SiBN layer as a spacer on 90nm NANd flash device. © 2004 IEEE.

关键词： Chlorine compounds

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Affective Evaluation of Vehicle Interior Craftsmanship: Systematic Checklists for Touch/Feel Quality of Surface-Covering Material

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Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 2004年第6期48卷 971 - 975页

作者： Myung Hwan Yun Heecheon You Wooyeun Geum dongjoon Kong Department of Industrial Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 South Korea Department of Industrial Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang South Korea R&D Center Hyundai-Kia Motors Namyang South Korea Department of Industrial Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA

Touch/feel quality of interior material is a critical element of customer's perception of overall product quality. Manufactures are increasingly interested in the affective evaluation as the perception of quality is heavily related to customer's feeling toward the product. Surface material quality is characterized by complex touch-feel sensations. In this study, 30 participants rated their affective reactions (how pleasant I feel) to surface materials of 30 different automobile interiors. Four categories of the material characteristics are used in the evaluation; crash pad plastic, steering wheel plastic, wood grain and metal grain. Consistent with previous research, it was found that both the visual quality and touch/feel quality influenced customer's perception of the material quality. Variables related to touch/feel quality is structured as ‘an affective quality checklist’ for automobile interiors to be used by a trim engineering team of an automobile manufacturer.

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Mcrostructure and Tensile Behavior of a Nano-Structured Al-Fe Based Alloy

Mcrostructure and Tensile Behavior of a Nano-Structured Al-F...

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The 8th China-Korea Workshop on Advanced Materials

作者： Won-Yong Kim Jae-Sung Park Mok-Soon Kim Tae-Yeub ra Advanced Materials R&D Center Korea Institute of Industrial Technology # 472 Kajwa-dong Suh-gu Incheon 404-254 Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Inha University # 253 Yonghyun-dong Nam-gu Incheon 402-751 Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Inha University # 253 Yonghyun-dong Nam-gu Incheon 402-751 Korea Advanced Materials R&D Center Korea Institute of Industrial Technology # 472 Kajwa-dong Suh-gu Incheon 404-254 Korea

room temperature deformation behavior of Al-8Fe-2Mo-2V-1Zr alloy produced by spray forming and subsequent warm-extrusion at 693 K and/or rolling at 423 K was investigated in terms of tensile test and microstructural observation . In the specimen processed by spray forming and warm extrusion, the microstructure consisting of equiaxed grains with the average grain size of 500 nm in the matrix phase and uniformly dispersed fine intermetallic AI3(Fe, Mo, V, Zr) and Al6(Fe, Mo, V, Zr) phases less than 100 nm was characterized. It was revealed that subsequent warm rolling after warm extrusion promotes precipitation of a fine dispersoid from the supersaturated matrix phase. Warm rolling was found to be effective to increase the yield and tensile strength in the high strain rate regime. Elongation of the warm rolled specimen showed higher value than extruded specimen over the whole strain rate region studied .

关键词： microstructure tensile deformation Al-Fe based alloy spray forming extrusion warm rolling precipitation strain rate sensitivity

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