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Environmental impact assessment via life cycle analysis on ultrafiltration membrane fabricated from polyethylene terephthalate waste to treat microalgal cultivation wastewater for reusability

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Environmental research 2024年第Part2期251卷 118687页

作者： rawindran, Hemamalini Khoo, Kuan Shiong Ethiraj, Baranitharan Lim, Jun Wei Liew, Chin Seng Goh, Pei Sean raksasat, ratchaprapa Leong, Wai Hong rajarathinam, ravikumar Ng, Hui-Suan Tong, Woei-Yenn Alam, Mohammad Mahtab Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Johor Bahru81310 Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Biotechnology Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Chennai India HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Institute of Self-Sustainable Building Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Perak Darul Ridzuan Seri Iskandar32610 Malaysia Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute Chettinad Academy of Research and Education Kelambakkam Tamil Nadu 603103 India Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor 81310 Malaysia Algal Bio Co. Ltd Todai-Kashiwa Venture Plaza 5-4-19 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-0082 Japan Department of Biotechnology Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi Chennai600062 India Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliu64002 Taiwan College of Future National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliu64002 Taiwan Universiti Kuala Lumpur Institute of Medical Science Technology A1-1 Jalan TKS 1 Taman Kajang Sentral Selangor Kajang43000 Malaysia Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Applied Medical Science King Khalid University Abha61421 Saudi Arabia

The current study had conducted the life cycle analysis (LCA) to assess the environmental impact of microalgal wastewater treatment via an integrated membrane bioreactor. The functional unit selected for this analysis was 1 kg of treated microalgal wastewater with contaminants eliminated by ultrafiltration membrane fabricated from recycled polyethylene terephthalate waste. Meanwhile, the applied system boundary in this study was distinguished based on two scenarios, namely, cradle-to-gate encompassed wastewater treatment only and cradle-to-cradle which included the reutilization of treated wastewater to cultivate microalgae again. The environmental impacts and hotspots associated with the different stages of the wastewater treatment process had clearly elucidated that membrane treatment had ensued the highest impact, followed by microalgal harvesting, and finally cultivation. Among the environmental impact categories, water-related impact was found to be prominent in the following series: freshwater ecotoxicity, freshwater eutrophication and marine ecotoxicity. Notably, the key performance indicator of all environmental impact, i.e., the global warming potential was found to be very much lower at 2.94 × 10−4 kg CO2 eq as opposed to other literatures reported on the LCA of wastewater treatments using membranes. Overall, this study had proffered insights into the environmental impact of microalgal wastewater treatment and its stimulus for sustainable wastewater management. The findings of this study can be instrumental in making informed decision for optimizing microalgal wastewater treatment and reutilization assisted by membrane technology with an ultimate goal of enhancing sustainability. © 2024 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Microalgae

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A Locally-Adaptive, Parallel-Jaw Gripper with Clamping and rolling Capable, Soft Fingertips for Fine Manipulation of Flexible Flat Cables

A Locally-Adaptive, Parallel-Jaw Gripper with Clamping and R...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICrA)

作者： Jayden Chapman Gal Gorjup Anany dwivedi Saori Matsunaga Toshisada Mariyama Bruce Macdonald Minas Liarokapis New Dexterity research group The University of Auckland New Zealand Information Technology R&D Center Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Japan Centre for Automation and Robotic Engineering Science The University of Auckland New Zealand

Flexible flat cables (FFC) are very popular for connecting different components in modern electronics (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, tablets, etc.). The manipulation of FFCs typically relies on highly trained workers that spend hours performing the same repetitive processes, or on autonomous robotic systems that are equipped with simple clamping mechanisms or pneumatically driven suction cups. Such robotic systems are difficult to program and reprogram and often rely on sophisticated sensing elements and complicated control laws. Moreover, the performance and robustness of such systems is far from sufficient, hindering their mass adoption. The manipulation of FFCs is also quite challenging. A good gripper should be able to pinch the cable steadily and execute insertion tasks of the cable connector with ease. The suction cup based solution is a good approach for holding the cable, but it makes the cable connector insertion very challenging as it can only apply limited shear forces. In this paper, we propose a locally-adaptive, pneumatic, parallel-jaw robot gripper equipped with fingertips that are able to both pinch the cable with a soft clamping mechanism and roll the cable surface on the soft fingertip structure until it reaches the desired connector. The gripper base accommodates a camera that allows for the recognition and pose estimation of the flat, flexible cables and other electronic components. The gripper is of low-cost and low-complexity and it can facilitate the efficient and robust execution of FFC grasping and assembly tasks.

关键词： Connectors Portable computers robot vision systems Pose estimation Pneumatic systems robustness Sensors

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Advancements in aluminum metal matrix composites: reinforcement, manufacturing, and applications

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3221卷

作者： T. ramakrishnan K. Manickaraj S. P. Prithiv S. L. Luckshan Aditya N. rajanarayanan S. Gopalsamy Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Testing Sri Eshwar College of Engineering Coimbatore India-641 202 Assistant Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering CMS College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India R&D Department Quest Global Bangaluru India

A thorough evaluation examines the complex connection among fortification addition and Alumina Metal Matrix Composites' mechanical characteristics. Al MMCs' ability to improve aluminum-based materials' mechanical properties has made them a key field of materials research and engineering. When reinforced with ceramic particulate matter, fibers, or fur, Al MMCs improve in rigidity, strength, resilience to wear, and thermal stability. This review synthesizes and analyzes research to explain how reinforcement addition affects Al MMC mechanical properties. It also covers metallic powders, molten metalwork, and solid-state processes, each with pros and cons for structure and characteristic optimization. Silicon carbide (SiC), boron carbide (B4C), and carbon fibers are used to reinforce Al MMCs, and the review highlights their different effects on composite performance. Al MMCs play a crucial role in components that need outstanding mechanical qualities in the aviation, automotive, technology, and sporting goods industries, according to the assessment. The paper suggests optimizing reinforcement-matrix interactions, developing novel reinforcements with customized features, improving manufacturing methods, and exploring new application domains. This paper synthesizes current information and discusses future opportunities to advance and use Al MMCs in engineering.

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Performance and mechanistic study on electrocoagulation process for municipal wastewater treatment based on horizontal bipolar electrodes

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & engineering 2020年第3期14卷 39-48页

作者： Zheniian Qi Shijie You ranbin Liu C.Joon Chuah State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Future Urban Design Beijing University of Civil Engineering&ArchitectureBeijing 100044China Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University1 Cleantech LoopCleanTech OneSingapore 637141Singapore

The design of electrodes is crucial to electrocoagulation process(EC),specifically,with respect to pollutant removal and energy *** EC,the mechanisms for interaction between different electrode arrangement and electrode reactions remain *** work presents an integrated EC process based on horizontal bipolar electrodes(BPEs).In the electrochemical cell,the graphite plates are used as driving cathode while either Fe or A1 plates serves as driving anode and *** BPEs are placed horizontally between the driving *** municipal wastewater treatment,the pollutant removal efficiency and energy consumption in different configurations of twodimension electrocoagulation(2d-EC)system with horizontal BPEs were *** removal efficiency of turbidity,total phosphorus and total organic carbon increased significantly with the number of *** that the energy consumption for TP removal decreased by 75.2%with Fe driving anode and 81.5%with A1 driving anode than those of 2d-EC,*** addition,the physical field simulation suggested the distributions of potential and current in electrolyte and that of induced charge density on BPE *** work provides a visual theoretical guidance to predict the distribution of reactions on BPEs for enhanced pollutant removal and energy saving based on electrocoagulation process for municipal wastewater treatment.

关键词： Electrocoagulation Bipolar electrodes Municipal wastewater Simulations

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Membrane Biofouling Mitigation Via Immobilizing Agnps@Zif-8 Nanocapsules on Membrane Surface for Extractive Membrane Bioreactor

SSRN

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SSrN 2022年

作者： Wang, Bingxin Tian, Yuxiao Yuan, Guoyu Liao, Xiangjun Yang, Tingting You, Xiaofei Liao, Yuan Sino-Canadian Joint R&D Center for Water and Environmental Safety College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University No. 38 Tongyan Road Jinnan District Tianjin300350 China Singapore Membrane Technology Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore637141 Singapore

during the extractive membrane bioreactor (EMBr) process, the membrane mass transfer efficient would be significantly reduced due to the biofilm aggregation on the membrane surface. In order to mitigate the membrane biofouling, the nanocapsules developed by encapsulating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), were immobilized on the membrane surface for the first time. The AgNPs@ZIF-8 nanocapsules could ensure the well compatibility between the nanomaterials and membrane surface, avoid direct exposure of AgNPs to biomass, as well as slowly release the silver ions into the bioreactor. Compared to the unmodified membrane #M0 (declined to 55% of its initial value) and ZIF-8 modified membrane #M1 (declined to 80% of its initial value), the AgNPs@ZIF-8 nanocapsules-coated membrane #M2 displayed the best anti-biofouling performance with a stabilized phenol mass transfer coefficient of 31.04 × 10–7 m/s (96% of its initial value) after 14-days EMBr testing. Its excellent anti-biofouling property should be attributed to the electrostatic repulsion between membrane surface and microorganisms, antibacterial organic ligand and zinc ions from ZIF-8, reduced membrane hydrophobicity, stable released silver ions, broad-spectrum bactericidal properties of the silver ions and reactive oxygen species. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles

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Exploring luminescent carbon dots derived from syrup bottle waste and curcumin for potential antimicrobial and bioimaging applications

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Chemosphere 2024年 354卷 141592页

作者： Thirumalaivasan, Natesan Kanagaraj, Kuppusamy Logesh, Kamaraj Chandrasekaran, Sridhar Kumar, Sandeep Subramanian, raghunandhakumar Senthilkumar, Nangan Kumar, Ashok Angadi, V. Jagadeesha A. Al-Kahtani, Abdullah Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai600077 India Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Centre for Research Impact and Outcomes Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura India Tamil Nadu Chennai600077 India Bell Road Clement Town Uttarakhand Dehradun India Chitkara Centre for Research and Development Chitkara University Himachal Pradesh 174103 India Department of Physics P.C. Jabin Science College Hubballi580031 India Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia

In this study, we utilized a navel hybrid material, prepared by fusing fluorescent Carbon dots SyCds, derived from syrup bottles, with curcumin. This innovative approach not only offers significant advancements in antimicrobial activity and bioimaging but also represents a stride in sustainable and eco-friendly nanotechnology. The core of our study is the development of an efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally conscious method for synthesizing SyCds. This is achieved by repurposing waste syrup bottles, thus addressing the pressing issue of plastic waste. The incorporation of curcumin, renowned for its biological properties, enhances the luminescent characteristics of SyCds and augments their functionality. This combination overcomes the inherent limitations of curcumin when used in isolation. The hybrid material exhibits enhanced antimicrobial properties and proves to be a potent alternative to conventional fluorescent dyes for bioimaging, marking a substantial leap in the field of sustainable nanomaterials. Our work not only demonstrates the versatile applications of luminescent SyCds in health and environmental science but also underscores the potential of sustainable approaches in addressing global environmental challenges. This study, represents a significant contribution to the domain of sustainable nanotechnology, highlighting the transformative power of integrating waste management with advanced material science. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Visualising Microstructural dynamics of Titanium Aluminium Nitride Coatings Under High-Temperature Oxidation

SSRN

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SSrN 2022年

作者： Makgae, Ofentse A. Lenrick, Filip Bushlya, Volodymyr Andersson, Jon M. M'Saoubi, rachid Ek, Martin NanoLund NanoLund Lund University Box 118 Lund22100 Sweden Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Lund University Box 124 Lund22100 Sweden Division of Production and Materials Engineering Lund University Box 118 Lund22100 Sweden R&D Materials and Technology Development Seco Tools AB Fagersta737 82 Sweden

Understanding the link between titanium-aluminium nitride’s (Ti1-xAlxN) physicochemical properties and structural dynamics during operation is essential to designing and fabricating advanced ceramic coatings. Herein we directly visualise the oxidation of Ti1-xAlxN (for x = 0, 0.18, 0.44, & 0.67) coatings from 100 to 1000 °C using environmental transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The high-frame-rate ETEM movies show that oxidation in TiN proceeds at the grain boundaries and cracks;in contrast, Ti1-xAlxN coatings transform from large as-deposited grains into oxide nanoparticles. Moreover, high-resolution ETEM imaging showed the presence of anatase TiO2 at the early stages of oxidation across all compositions. Above ~850 °C, the oxide nanoparticles grow through crystal merging, diffusion and recrystallisation to form rutile TiO2. The EdX elemental maps coupled with secondary electron imaging reveal a uniform TiO2 sublayer decorated with increasing coverage of Al2O3 particles for x = 0.18 to 0.44. In contrast, coatings with x = 0.67 reveal a complete in-plane phase separation of Al- and Ti-oxides, which can rationalise their decreasing long-term oxidation resistance. Finally, the study provides unique insight into the real-time structural dynamics underpinning the oxidation resistance of Ti1-xAlxN coatings. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Enhancing Antimicrobial and Anticancer Efficacy: Synthesis and Characterization of Albumin–Farnesol–Glutaraldehyde Nanomaterial for Targeted Therapy Against Hela Cells

SSRN

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SSrN 2024年

作者： Munusamy, Murugan Alwarkurichi Bharathi, Muruganantham Hajinur Hirad, Abdurahman Alarfaj, Abdullah A. Hussein-Al-Ali, Samer Hasan Sampath, Shobana Asaithambi, Perumal Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai602 105 India Centre for Drug Discovery Department of Biochemistry Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Tamil Nadu Coimbatore641021 India Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science King Saud University P. O. Box.2455 Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Isra University Amman11622 Jordan Department of Biotechnology Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology India Department of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Jimma Institute of Technology Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia

A plant terpene, farnesol, is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry and perfumeries due to its aromatic properties and its pharmacological properties. Albumin is chosen as a nanocarrier to better target cancer cells. This study analyzes the antimicrobial properties and anticancer potential of the Albumin-Farnesol-Gluterladehyde nanomaterial against the Hela cell line. The nanomaterial was synthesized using glutaraldehyde as a polymeric agent. Nanomaterials were examined against a variety of bacteria and showed good antibacterial properties. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans were used to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of synthesized nanomaterials. The anticancer properties were also analyzed using WST1 cytotoxicity assay, staining methods like AO/EB, and dAPI staining, and confirmed by LdH and caspase levels. The results suggest that farnesol can be utilized more effectively when synthesized and delivered as a nanomaterial with better accuracy and precision, minimizing side effects caused by chemotherapeutic agents. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Escherichia coli

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Evolution of Potassium Bubbles and its Influences on the recrystallization Behaviour of Swaged Tungsten rods with High Potassium doping Level

SSRN

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SSrN 2022年

作者： Liang, Mengxia dai, Shaowei Song, Jiupeng Yan, Binyou Jiang, Xiangcao Lian, Youyun Feng, Fan Liu, Xiang School of Materials Science and Engineering Xihua University Sichuan Chengdu610039 China Xiamen Tungsten Co. Ltd. Fujian Xiamen361009 China China National R&D Centre for Tungsten Technology Fujian Xiamen361009 China Southwestern Institute of Physics Sichuan Chengdu610064 China Xihua University China

recrystallization temperature (rCT) is a key factor influencing the working temperature window of tungsten (W)-based plasma facing materials (PFMs). To investigate the effects of potassium (K)-bubbles on the recrystallization behaviour of the W rods with a high K-doping level of 96 ppm, large size sintered K-doped W ingot with a diameter of 70 mm (total weight of 42 kg) was fabricated via powder metallurgy route. The ingot was reduced to various diameters with logarithmic strains up to 3.53 by a series of high-speed forging and swaging. Then the rods were treated by 1-h isochronal annealing at temperatures ranging from 1350 ℃ to 2050 ℃ in the H2 atmosphere. results showed that as the logarithmic strain increased, the rCT increased and reached a maximum value of 1820 ℃ at the logarithmic strain of 2.95. Then, it decreased at a higher logarithmic strain of 3.53. The K-tubes in the rods with heavy deformation have experienced a ‘dynamic split’ during swaging. This influenced the evolution and morphology of K-bubbles in the subsequent annealing. The rCT of high K-doped W with heavy deformation was determined by the synthetic effects of the internal stored energy and the morphology of K-bubbles. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Potassium

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A novel type I-like F -scheme heterojunction for improving H 2 generation from water: A case modelled by physically-attached ZnCdS-Cu 2 O composite

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Chemical engineering Journal 2025年

作者： Tsung-Yu Teng Kim Hoong Ng Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei 24301 Taiwan R&D Center of Biochemical Engineering Technology Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei 24301 Taiwan Battery Research Center of Green Energy Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei 24301 Taiwan Center for Environmental Sustainability and Human Health Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 24301 Taiwan

Type-I heterojunction has been long-perceived non-effective in photocatalytic research. Nonetheless, this work holds an opposite belief, suggesting the possibility of securing improved photo-activity even with heterojunction possessing Type-I-like band alignment. Such concept was deliberately verified over a F -scheme heterojunction modelled by ZnCdS-Cu 2 O, with their intimate interface yielding interesting interaction and improved optical properties. Electronically, the wide bandgap ZnCdS possesses relatively higher Fermi level (E f ). Contacting them would, therefore, induce ZnCdS-to-Cu 2 O electron shuttlings, enabling an auspicious interfacial band alignment with upward-bended ZnCdS's bands alongside oppositely bending Cu 2 O's bands. Such band structure realizes two facilitated pathways which thermodynamically direct photo-holes towards Cu 2 O while immobilizing photo-electrons at the conduction band of ZnCdS. Spatial separation of photo-charges can, therefore, be achieved, with the robust photo-reductive capability of composite preserved. At surficial level, ZnCdS-Cu 2 O promises expedient hydrophilicity and facile H 2 desorption; these help to accelerate H 2 generation during photoreaction. 940 % activity improvement against ZnCdS is, therefore, realized by ZnCdS-Cu 2 O_10%. Astonishing AQY of 94.3 % (365 nm) and 72.1 % (420 nm) was also attained by the same photocatalyst, in conjecture to its highly sustainable activity that could last for 10 photoreaction cycles. Meanwhile, practicality evaluation suggested the high resilience of ZnCdS-Cu 2 O_10% against alkaline condition and intermittent production halts in dark. More importantly, its applicability to H 2 generation from seawater was also validated, demonstrating a net positive energy production of 205 % even with ethanol added. Overall, this work verifies the productivity of Type-I-like F -scheme heterojunction, offering new avenues for future research to photocatalytic community.

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