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Mitigating dust and air pollution from open-field rice straw burning through biochar production using an integrated biomass gasifier and burner

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering 2025年 11卷

作者： Unsomsri, Nathawat Koedthong, Patchara Tawkaew, Sittinun Wiriyasart, Songkran Kaewluan, Sommas Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D) Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Srinakharinwirot University 63 Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd. Ongkharak Nakhon nayok 26120 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Srinakharinwirot University 63 Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd. Ongkharak Nakhon nayok 26120 Thailand Thermal Solution and Energy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (TSET R&D) Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Srinakharinwirot University 63 Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd. Ongkharak Nakhon nayok 26120 Thailand

Biochar, a carbon-rich byproduct of rice straw pyrolysis, offers a sustainable alternative to open-field burning by reducing emissions and enhancing carbon sequestration. This study optimized biochar production at 550 °C for 4 hours, yielding 61 % carbon content with a 0.92 stability factor. Each batch retains 4.382 kg of carbon (16.07 kg CO₂eq), with an annual sequestration of 5.863 tons CO₂eq. The biomass gasifier and burner (BGB) system reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 65 % and total suspended particulates (TSP) by 89 %, meeting environmental standards. These results highlight biochar's role in mitigating climate change and providing farmers with a cleaner alternative to conventional burning practices. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Combustion Gasification Jasmine rice straw Pyrolysis Wood scraps

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Impact of kiln capacity on environment friendly biochar yield and biochar characteristics from rubberwood scrap using a modified cross draft biomass gasifier and burner as heat source

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering 2025年 11卷

作者： Unsomsri, Nathawat Sriwilai, Wichit Wiriyasart, Songkran Sriromreun, Paranee Kaewluan, Sommas Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (BBT R&D) Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Srinakharinwirot University 63 Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd. Ongkharak Nakhon nayok 26120 Thailand Thermal Solution and Energy Technology Research and Development Laboratory (TSET R&D) Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Srinakharinwirot University 63 Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd. Ongkharak Nakhon nayok 26120 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Srinakharinwirot University 63 Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Rd. Ongkharak Nakhon nayok 26120 Thailand

The study examines the impact of kiln capacity on environmentally friendly biochar yield and characteristics from rubberwood scrap using an MCGB as the heat source. A 600-liter finned-wall kiln was tested at 50 %, 75 %, and 100 % capacity. The MCGB maintained 550 °C for pyrolysis, with an equivalence ratio of 0.3–0.6 (gasification) and 0.7–0.9 (combustion), a peak temperature of 1204 °C. The biochar yield was 26–27 %, while wood vinegar yield ranged from 38.1 to 42.5 %. The kiln reduced pyrolysis time by 55 % compared to conventional klin, with GHG emissions of 0.16–0.21 kg CO₂e/kg-biochar. The biochar met cooking and deodorization standards, highlighting the MCGB's efficiency and sustainability. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Biochar production Finned-wall kiln Greenhouse gas emissions Modified cross-draft gasifier Pyrolysis Wood scraps

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Identification of cell type-specific cell-penetrating peptides through in vivo phage display leveraged by next generation sequencing

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Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 2025年 182卷 117740-117740页

作者： Kohl, Franziska Laufkötter, Oliver Firth, Mike Krimpenfort, Luc Mangla, Priyanka Ansarizadeh, Mohammadhassan Geylan, Gökçe Eklund, Lauri de Maria, Leonardo Jakobsson, Lars Wiseman, John Centre for Genomics Research Discovery Sciences BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Life Science Informatics B-IT Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Germany Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology Discovery Sciences BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca Cambridge United Kingdom Oligonucleotides and Targeted Delivery Discovery Sciences BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research University of Oulu Oulu Finland Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland Biocenter Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland Molecular AI Discovery Sciences BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Research and Early Development Respiratory & Immunology BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden

Vascular anomalies (VA) refer to abnormal blood or lymphatic vessel architecture, most often as a result of dysregulated growth. Venous malformations (VM), a subgroup of VAs, are triggered by activating mutations in the Angiopoietin/TIE2-PI3K/AKT/mTOr signaling pathway with TIE2 L914F (gene name TEK) being one of the most frequent mutations in patients with VMs. Although systemic targeting of the overactivated pathway is possible, it would be a therapeutic advantage to restrict treatment to only the affected lesions. To identify peptides with potential selective binding to TIE2 L914F lesions we applied in vivo phage display to TIE2 L914F-overexpressing endothelial cells (ECs) in a subcutaneous matrigel xenograft mouse model of VMs. By panning for lesion-targeting phages in combination with subcellular fractionation, a screen for cell-penetrating candidate phages was established. Employing Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and a refined bioinformatic analysis we were able to identify many novel cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). To pinpoint the most selective and viable CCP candidates a hierarchical clustering algorithm was utilized. This method aggregated CPPs with highly similar sequences into a small number of clusters from which consensus sequences could be derived. Selected candidate CPPs exhibited uptake in TIE2 L914F-expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in culture and were able to deliver sirNA into these cells. In conclusion, our NGS bioinformatic-supported approach led to the identification of novel and selective CPPs capable of transporting a sirNA cargo into targeted cells. © 2024

关键词： Bioinformatic analysis Cell-penetrating peptides In vivo phage display Next generation sequencing Vascular anomalies

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Seed-mediated growth of flexible Ag NFs with high activity and their application for SErS detection of thiram in tomato juice

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Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2025年 721卷

作者： Sun, Li Ye, Zheng Zhi, Yuan Zhang, Hua dou, Binlin Shan, Yuejin Chen, Jian School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Jun Gong Road 516 Shanghai200093 China R&D Department Shanghai Minrula Biotechnology Co. Ltd Building 15 Haji Sixth Road 218 Shanghai201306 China Department of Material and Environmental Chemistry Research Division of Functional Materials Design Utsunomiya University Yoto 7-1-2 Utsunomiya321-8585 Japan

In this study, a prospective strategy on seed-mediated growth in vacuum is provided and used to prepare flexible silver nanofilms (AC0–3 NFs) with high purity, crystallinity and SErS performance. Noteworthy, AC2 NFs surface is uniformly covered with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), following the appearance of numerous nano-gaps between Ag NPs. Through the finite-difference time-domain (FdTd) simulation, it is found that the ultra-small nano-gaps less than 5 nm can generate abundant "hot spots" to amplify the raman signal. Therefore, the above AC2 NFs as SErS substrates exhibit superior activity for the SErS detection of thiram in tomato juice, with the limit of detection (LOd) of 10−15 M and the enhancement factor (EF) of 3.7 × 1011. Meanwhile, AC2 NFs show outstanding reproducibility and stability during the SErS detection. Additionally, the calibration curve is established, by which the thiram (10−7 to 10−15 M) can be quantitatively detected. Clearly, the as-prepared flexible AC2 NFs have great potential in the SErS detection and analysis. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Fruit juices

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Numerical simulation of dC arc characteristics by multiple physical field coupling

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Metallurgical research and technology 2025年第3期122卷

作者： Lin, Xiaoping Ni, Bing Shangguan, Fangqin Li, Xiuping Liu, Heping Steel Industry Green and Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Centre China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Beijing100081 China National Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Intelligent Manufacturing System Beijing100071 China Metallurgical Technology Institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing100081 China Material Digital R&D Centre China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Beijing100081 China

Short process electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking offers the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, resource circulation, and carbon reduction. To address global climate challenges, short process EAF steelmaking is crucial for optimising the structure of the steel industry and achieving emission reductions. The EAF obtains its primary heat from the high-temperature arc established between the electrodes upon system energisation. Constructing an effective model that captures the arcâ s internal mechanisms and the electrical properties of arc plasma is essential for a comprehensive understanding of arc characteristics. In this study, to analyse the arc region of a dC EAF and investigate the temperature distribution and the effects of varying input current and distance between electrodes, a simulation model was constructed based on COMSOL multiphysics software. When the distance between electrodes is 400â mm, as the input current increased from 24 kA to 98 kA the highest temperature of arc increased from 2345â K to 6262â K, resulting in a more uniform arc-column centre temperature and more efficient heat transfer between arc and melt pool. The voltage and current of arc region increased, the conductivity of arc plasma enhanced and equivalent resistance decreased, thereby enhancing arc power intensity. Conversely, when the input current is 24 kA, as the distance of electrodes increased from 400â mm to 700â mm, the highest temperature of arc decreased, with larger distances result in greater temperature reductions. The voltage of arc region increased, while the current of arc region decreased, and conductivity in the arc plasma region kept stable and equivalent resistance increased slightly, arc power intensity occurred a minor decrease. The input current more significantly influences the arc temperature and volt-ampere characteristics than the distance between electrodes. This model provides a theoretical framework for temperature regulation and power

关键词： Electric furnace process

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Ultra-thin and stretchable PEdOT: PSS/AgNWs/PVA structured transparent conductive films for electrical heating of the skin and electromagnetic interference shielding

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Surfaces and Interfaces 2025年 68卷

作者： Hu, Ke Qian, Peng-Fei Bao, Ze-Long Li, Tong-Yu Shao, Bao-Hui Chang, Chun-Hao Liu, Zhi-Liang Geng, Wen-Hao Zhang, di Geng, Hong-Zhang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage School of Material Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin 300387 China Tianji Zhencai Technology (Hebei) Co. Ltd Cangzhou 061000 China Hebei Province Technology R&D Platform Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Membranes Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University Cangzhou 061000 China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tiangong University Tianjin 300387 China

In recent years, due to the limited flexibility and high cost of indium tin oxide (ITO), silver nanowires (AgNWs) have emerged as attractive materials for transparent conductive film (TCF), owing to superior conductivity, flexibility, and transmittance. In the work, a three-layer ultrathin stretchable TCF was fabricated by using Poly (3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene): poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEdOT: PSS), AgNWs, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). First, the PET substrate was modified with Triton X-100 (TX-100) to improve its hydrophilicity. Then, the PEdOT: PSS solution doped with dimethyl sulfoxide (dMSO) and AgNWs were deposited successively by spin-coating method. Next, the film was cold-welded treatment. Finally, the layers were reverse-bonded with PVA to prepare the PEdOT: PSS/AgNWs/PVA(P/A/P) TCF. The transmittance of the P/A/P TCF was 75.90 % (550 nm) and the sheet resistance of the P/A/P TCF was 3.84 Ω/sq. The film could reach the 113 °C at 4 V. The film remained virtually unchanged for the sheet resistance when the 10,000 bending cycles had been completed. At the same time, the sheet resistance also remained stable after 70 days of exposure to air. The film maintained its conductive network after stretching. Additionally, the film demonstrated notable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency (30.57 dB). Thus, the P/A/P TCF exhibits promising potential for applications in electrical heating of the skin and EMI shielding. © 2025

关键词： Electrical heating Electromagnetic interference shielding PEdOT: PSS PVA Silver nanowires Transparent conductive film

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Spherical modification of tungsten oxide powder and its mechanism analysis

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rare Metals 2015年第3期34卷 183-188页

作者： Cong-Cong Wang Cheng-Chang Jia Peng Gao Guo-Cheng Gai Yu-Fen Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Powder Technology R&D Group Department of Material Science and EngineeringTsinghua University

Owing to its high production costs, complexity of equipment, and difficulty in controlling parameters, spherical or subglobose tungsten powder preparation method cannot meet the demand of industrial production. Tungstic oxide powder was treated by particle composite system and its effects were studied. Morphologies of par- ticles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Particle size analysis was carried out and the related mechanism was discussed. The results show that the processing effect is best when the rotational speed is set at 4,000 ***-1 for 15 rain： the powder particles become nearly spherical and their sharp edge angles are rounded off and reshaped. When the processing time is 60 min, the powders smash to pieces because of too much energy inputting. So the test results, such as grain size distribution, can be explained well. Nearly spherical tungsten powder is obtained after reduction at 780 ℃ for 2 h and its flow ability is significantly improved.

关键词： Nearly spherical tungsten powder Grain size Modification Particle composite system

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Establishing a Certification System for the Field Project of Outdoor Battery Energy Storage System

Establishing a Certification System for the Field Project of...

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Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE), International Conference on

作者： Wei-Shan Lin Liang-Yang Lin Pei-Jen Wang Wei-Hung Wu Chung-Hsien Chen Ching-Hua Lin Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Inspection Technology Division Bureau of Standards Metrology and Inspection MOEA Taipei Taiwan Intelligence and System R&D Service Department Metal Industries Research & Development Centre Taichung Taiwan Metrology Section Hsinchu Branch Bureau of Standards Metrology and Inspection MOEA Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331520090

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520106

Taiwan actively promotes energy transformation and net zero emissions. Generating 15.1% of energy using renewable sources by 2025 and reducing net zero emissions by 2050 is a goal set by Taiwan. Solar, Wind, and other renewable energy sources will be built on a large scale. The intermittent supply features of renewable energy will affect the traditional power grid. An energy storage system is a key technology to reduce the influence of intermittent renewable energy on the power grid, it can solve the problem of integrating renewable energy with the power grid on a large scale. Currently, the technological development of energy storage systems shows a diverse trend. In Taiwan, an energy storage system with a lithium battery is the first choice for most enterprises. Therefore, a certification system for outdoor battery energy storage system field project is proposed in this research for the outdoor grid-integrated energy storage system. This certification system adopts a three-stage certification method, including a design review before construction, field certification after completion, and regular test every two years. It guarantees the safety of the energy storage system and its related equipment. It facilitates the energy storage system industry's development and renewable energy policies.

关键词： renewable energy sources reviews Battery energy storage system Net zero Lithium batteries Power grids Safety Certification Standards Energy storage

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CeVO₄/TiO₂/SnS based nanostructured ternary photoelectrode and photocatalyst for photoelectrochemical O₂ and photocatalytic H₂ evolution by solar energy

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Inorganic Chemistry Communications 2025年 179卷

作者： Yıldız, Ayşe Çiçek Çakar, Soner Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry Zonguldak 67100 Turkey Sakarya University Biomaterials Energy Photocatalysis Enzyme Technology Nano & Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing Environmental Applications and Sustainability Research & Development Group (BIOENAMS R&D Group) Sakarya 54050 Turkey

Energy demand is on the rise all over the world. Nevertheless, using renewable energy sources has become increasingly important in the recent years because of the fast depleting fossil fuels. Hydrogen energy is particularly noteworthy among renewable energy sources. due to the cost of hydrogen storage cost, various hydrogen generation techniques are being developed. research into systems that can provide alternatives to hydrogen production using energy derived from fossil fuels has accelerated in recent years. The generation of H₂ and O₂ from water through photoelectrochemical means is an innovative and environmentally friendly approach. This study used the hydrothermal method to synthesize nanostructures with three different properties: CeVO₄, TiO₂, and SnS. different n-type and/or p-type photoelectrochemical systems with nanostructures of varying properties were applied to indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates to examine their impact on the water dissociation reaction. Various semiconductor structures were analyzed for their properties through the study of H₂ production using the photocatalytic method and O₂ production using the photoelectrochemical method. Ternary photocatalyst and photoelectrode studies were conducted using semiconductors with varying band gaps and chemical activities to enhance both hydrogen evolution reaction (HEr) and oxygen evolution reaction (OEr) efficiencies. Semiconductor-based nanostructures were synthesized via the hydrothermal method and characterized using X-ray diffraction (Xrd), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), diffused-reflectance spectroscopy (drS) and Mott-Schottky techniques. For OEr measurements, these semiconductor systems were applied as a thin film on ITO glass using a spin coating device. Characterization measurements of photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical ac

关键词： CeVO4 Chalcogenide Photocatalytic H2 evolution Photoelectrochemical O2 evolution SnS TiO2

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design and Implementation of Network Simulator for High Level Naval Ship System

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 90612-90625页

作者： Jang, Min-Hui Kim, Hyeong-Jin Go, Young-Keun Choi, Nak-Jung Lee, Jae-Ho Yu, Jae-Hak Lee, Jae-Min Jun, Tae-Soo Kim, dong-Seong Kumoh National Institute of Technology Dept. of IT Convergence Eng Gumi Korea Republic of NSLab Inc Technology Research Institute Gumi Korea Republic of Agency For Defense Development Maritime Technology Research Institute Jinhae Korea Republic of Naval R&D Center Hanwha Systems Boulder Gumi Korea Republic of Kumoh National Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer SW Eng Gumi Korea Republic of

Operational naval ship systems rely on advanced sensors and equipment to detect targets and manage weapon control and engagement. However, their growing complexity, driven by technological advancements and the increasing integration of clients and servers, necessitates changes in system architecture and network structure. To address these challenges, this paper presents the design and implementation of NSNS (Network Performance Evaluation Simulator for Naval Ship Combat System), a specialized simulator for advancing research on naval ship system networks. The NSNS provides a robust environment for performance analysis by leveraging the unique characteristics of naval ship combat system nodes and network properties. Its reliability was validated through comparisons with real-world system measurements, demonstrating consistent trends and acceptable error rates. This research underscores the importance of dedicated simulation tools for validating new naval network architectures and enhancing network reliability and availability in wartime scenarios. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Ship simulators

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