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Self-excited synchronous induction motor

ELECTrICAL ENGINEErING IN JAPAN 1996年第3期117卷 110-121页

作者： Fukami, T Ishizaka, T Miyamoto, T Kanazawa Institute of Technology Received his Ph.D. degree in 1990 from Kanazawa Institute of Technology and joined Mitsubishi Denki. In 1992 became Research Associate at Kanazawa Institute of Technology and in 1993 promoted to Assistant Professor. He is engaged in R&D of rotating machines. In 1984 received a grant from Ohm Publ. in 1992 received award from Marine Engineering Society of Japan. He is a members of IEEE and Marine Engineering Society of Japan. Graduated in 1994 from Kanazawa Institute of Technology and entered the graduate program. He is engaged in research on synchronous induction motors. Graduated in 1958 from Kanazawa Institute of Technology and then joined Mitsubishi Denki where he engaged in research on SF6-insulated machines and permanent fuses at the R&D Center. He has won awards from IEEE Japan and National Bureau for Science and Technology. In 1976 he received his Ph.D. degree from Kyoto University. In 1980 he was Head of Development Section at Itami Seisakusho in 1985 Optical Disk Project Manager in 1987 Director of Optical Disk R&D Center. Since 1990 Professor at Kanazawa Institute of Technology. He is engaged in research on electromagnetic phenomena found in plant life.

A synchronous-induction motor, with the features of both a synchronous motor and a wound-rotor induction motor, far excels other synchronous motors in starting characteristics. However, a major drawback of the synchronous-induction motor is the need for an excitation power supply with low-voltage, large-current power rating. For this reason, its driving equipment becomes large, and increases overall cost. This paper proposes a new synchronous-induction motor, absent the problems involved in making the motor a self-excited type. It employs the second-space harmonic component of armature reaction field to obtain the self-excitation of the field system, and installs a harmonic winding, which is used for extraction of an excitation power, in the rotor. This new self-excited motor has the following advantages: (1) the driving equipment is small, since no excitation power supply is involved;and (2) due to the effect of the series characteristic by which the field current varies in proportion to the load current automatically, the motor can be operated with a good power factor. In the present paper the structure and operating principle of the new motor are explained and the basic characteristics are also investigated by means of a simple analysis and experimental results with a 1.5-kV trial machine.

关键词： synchronous induction motor self-excitation armature reaction field second spatial harmonic

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A novel, sub-harmonic pumping direct conversion receiver with high instantaneous dynamic range

A novel, sub-harmonic pumping direct conversion receiver wit...

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Microwave, MTT-S International Symposium

作者： M. Shimozawa K. Kawakami K. Itoh A. Iida O. Ishida Information Technology Research and Development Center Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Limited Kamakura Kanagawa Japan Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Chiyoda-ku Tokyo JP Inf. Technol. R&D Center Mitsubishi Electr. Corp. Kanagawa Japan

A novel sub-harmonic pumping direct conversion receiver (SHP-dCr) employing antiparallel diode pair (APdP) is proposed for high instantaneous dynamic range receivers used in mobile communications. The proposed SHP-dCr can suppress even harmonic mixing products, such as second order intermodulation (IM2) and LO noise that interfere a desired baseband signal. Moreover, the design condition of load resistance is indicated by analytical and experimental approaches for improving diode mixer disadvantages of lower conversion gain and higher LO power. A developed L-band SHP-dCr without a low noise amplifier achieves NF of 18.5 dB, IP3 at input port of 3 dBm and IM2 is below -90 dB in the actual input range.

关键词： dynamic range Baseband rF signals diodes radio frequency Mobile communication Power dividers Noise figure Power amplifiers radiofrequency amplifiers

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development of high-J(c) NbTi multifilamentary superconducting wire with Nb artificial pins for ac applications

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ELECTrICAL ENGINEErING IN JAPAN 1996年第3期116卷 1-13页

作者： Miura, O Inoue, I Matsumoto, K Tanaka, Y The Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. Graduated in 1988 from the Physics Department of the School of Natural Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University. Joined Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. in April of 1988. He is engaged mainly in R&D of superconducting wires and magnets. Currently working in the Electrical Engineering Division in Tokyo Metropolitan University. He is a member of Low Temperature Engineering Society. Graduated in 1972 from the Applied Solid State Engineering Department Osaka University. Joined Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. in April 1972. He is engaged mainly in R&D of superconducting wires. Currently Division Director ProductionTechnology Division Department of Superconducting Products Industrial Department of New Devices Department of Superconducting Products Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. M.E. degree from the Engineering Research Department Kyoto University in May 1984. Joined Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. in April 1984. He is engaged mainly in R&D of superconducting materials and electromagnetic properties. Currently Senior Researcher at the Corporate Research and Development Center of Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. Ph.D. degree from the Engineering Research Department Osaka University in March 1971. Joined Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. in April 1971. He is engaged mainly in R&D of superconducting materials and wires. Currently Executive Director Superconductor R&D Division of the Corporate Research and Development Center Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd.

High critical current densities of 1.61 x 10(10) A/m(2) at 1 T, 6.1 x 10(9) A/m(2) at 3 T and 2.9 x 10(9) A/m(2) at 5 T were achieved by controlling the distribution of Nb artificial pins in NbTi multifilamentary superconducting wires for ac applications. The critical current densities attained are over two times higher than those of conventional ac superconducting wires. This increase can be attributed to the shift of the peak of pinning force density to higher magnetic field by optimizing the pinning parameters. The benefits of increasing critical current densities for ac applications are demonstrated. A 2.5 T/100 kVA ac superconducting magnet was designed and made by using high Je wire with controled distribution of Nb artificial pins. Compared with conventional ac superconducting magnets, the new magnet exhibits a drastic decrease in size as well as in ac losses.

关键词： artificial pinning centers critical current density NbTi superconducting ac devices ac superconducting magnets

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Self-regulated self-excited brushless three-phase synchronous generator

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ELECTrICAL ENGINEErING IN JAPAN 1996年第2期117卷 18-28页

作者： Fukami, T Kawai, T Miyamoto, T Kanazawa Institute of Technology Received his Ph.D. degree in 1990 from Kanazawa Institute of Technology and joined Mitsubishi Denki. In 1992 he was a Research Associate at Kanazawa Institute of Technology and in 1993 Assistant Professor engaged in R&D of rotating machines. In 1984 received a grant from Ohm Publ. in 1992 received a prize from the Marine Engineering Society of Japan. He is a member of IEEE and the Marine Engineering Society of Japan. Graduated from Kanazawa Institute of Technology Electric Eng. Dept. in 1994 and then entered the graduate program. Engaged in research on brushless synchronous generators. He is a member of the Marine Engineering Society of Japan. Graduated in 1958 from Kanazawa Institute of Technology Electric Eng. Dept. and then joined Mitsubishi Denki where he is engaged in research on SF6-insulated machines and permanent fuses at the R&D Center. Received awards from I.E.E. Japan and National Bureau for Science and Technology. In 1976 received his PhD. from Kyoto University. In 1980 Head of Development Section at Itami Seisakusho in 1985 Optical Disk Project Manager in 1987 Director of Optical Disk R&D Center. Since 1990 Professor at Kanazawa Institute of Technology. He is engaged in research on electromagnetic phenomena found in plant life.

For lightweight and compact implementation of a generation set, many attempts have been made by some researchers to develop a brushless self-excited synchronous generator without an ac exciter. A previous paper proposed a novel self-excitation scheme by which the second-space harmonic component of armature mmf is used for exciting the rotor field system. In this excitation scheme the effect of the series excitation characteristic, as well as a self-excited and brushless implementation without an ac exciter is automatically obtained. However, in the case of system configuration of the generator already reported, voltage regulation in the inductive load condition was very large. To remove this problem, this paper presents a new system configuration of the generator with a self-regulating feature that can compensate voltage regulation automatically. The new generator consists of a stator installing two three-phase windings, externally connected to a load and a capacitor bank, respectively, and a rotor with field and harmonic windings. In this paper the system configuration and theoretical concepts of the presented generator are described and detailed experimental investigations with a laboratory machine are also shown.

关键词： three-phase synchronous generator brushless excitation scheme armature reaction second spatial harmonic

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Correlation between glass transition temperature and chain structure for randomly crosslinked high polymers

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Journal of Polymer Science 1996年第13期34卷

作者： Jozef Bicerano robert L. Sammler Craig J. Carriere Jerry T. Seitz The Dow Chemical Company Central Research and Development Computing and Information Technology Laboratory 1776 Building Midland Michigan 48674 Materials R&D Laboratory 1702 Building Midland Michigan 48674

The empirical form for the dependence, T g ( n ) ≅ T g (∞)·(1 + α/ n ), of the glass transition temperature T g on the average number n of repeat units between crosslinks, is generalized for randomly crosslinked high polymers. The new form, T g ( n ) ≅ T g (∞) · [1 + c /( n · N rot )], is based on a correlation study of data for 77 samples of 10 different sets of resins. The fitting parameter α is resolved into composition-dependent N rot and composition-independent c terms. N rot summarizes the average number of rotational degrees of freedom per repeat unit, and is estimated in a straightforward manner from the structure and mol fraction of each repeat unit. The value of c is found from data analysis to be 5 ± 2. The results of this work are consistent with expectations based on the entropy theory of glasses, and provide improved understanding and predictive ability for the properties of crosslinked polymers. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

关键词： glass transition temperature polymer repeat unit correlation structure rotational degrees of freedom topology copolymerization crosslinking

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Formation of copper interconnects by the reflow of sputtered copper films

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ELECTrONICS ANd COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PArT II-ELECTrONICS 1996年第8期79卷 105-114页

作者： Abe, K Harada, Y Hashimoto, K Onoda, H Nonmember VLSI R & D Center Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd. Hachioji Japan 193 Graduated from the Department of Electrical Engineering Hosei University in 1989 and joined Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd. He is engaged in research and development of metal interconnection technology for VLSI circuits. He is a member of the Japanese Society of Applied Physics. Graduated from the Department of Applied Chemistry Waseda University in 1984 and joined Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd. He is engaged in research and development of metal interconnection technology for VLSI circuits. He is a member of the Japanese Society of Applied Physics. Received his Master of Science degree in Applied Physics from Osaka City University in 1986. He joined Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd. in 1986 and was assigned to the VLSI R & D Center. He is engaged in research and development of film formation technology for VLSI interconnection materials. He is a member of the Japanese Society of Applied Physics. Graduated in 1974 from the Chemistry Department of Tokyo University. He is engaged in research and development of VLSI thin-film formation technologies processing technologies such as annealing and device processing. He is a member of the Japanese Society of Applied Physics.

The formation of Cu interconnects using conventional sputtering and reflow processes has been studied. The use of W, Mo, and TiN underlayers makes it possible to fill grooves with Cu at reflow temperatures as low as 450 degrees C. There is a close relationship between filling characteristics and agglomeration. Cu films agglomerate more easily on W, Mo, and TiN underlayers than on TiW and Ta underlayers because of their low Cu wettability. It was found also that Cu agglomeration was affected drastically by underlayer surface roughness. By adding the CMP process to the conventional sputtering and reflow processes, Cu interconnects down to 0.6 mu m in width have been fabricated successfully. The resistivity of the interconnects is about 1.9 mu Omega . cm.

关键词： sputtering reflow Cu interconnects CMP

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Commercialization of an extra high-voltage nonflammable transformer

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ELECTrICAL ENGINEErING IN JAPAN 1996年第5期116卷 97-106页

作者： Mizuno, K Sakamoto, T Endo, K Fujita, H Hiraishi, K Chubu Electric Power Co. Inc. Received his Master's degree in Electrical Engineering in March 1983 from the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Toyohashi Technical University and joined Chubu Electric Power K.K. in April 1983. He is engaged in R&D of electricity transmission equipment. Hitachi Received his Master's degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1965 from the Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu University and then joined Hitachi K.K. the same year. He has been engaged in research on cooling and thermal conduction of electrical devices at the Mechanical Laboratory of Hitachi Central Research and Development. He is a member of Japan Mechanical Society and Japan Thermal Conduction Society. Graduated from Fukushima Prefectural Kitakata Commercial and Technical High School in 1957 and joined Hitachi K.K. He has been engaged in R&D of transformer insulation. Completed the course requirements for his Ph.D. degree in the Department of Materials Engineering Hiroshima University and joined Hitachi K.K. He has been engaged in the design of large transformers at Hitachi Kokubu Factory. Graduated from the Department of Electrical Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1962 and joined Hitachi K.K. He has been engaged in the design and development of large transformers at Hitachi Kokubu Factory.

A perfluorocarbon (PFC)-immersed 275-kV transformer with compressed SF6, gas has been developed. This paper describes the basic cooling and insulation characteristics of PFC, the ac partial discharge voltage, and the aging of PFC-immersed insulation. The results demonstrate that a prototype 275-kV 100-MVA three-phase transformer can be operated without any difficulties for an extended period of overvoltage. This prototype has an ac partial discharge initiation strength which is 1.5 times that of the ac test voltage and a lightning impulse breakdown strength which is 1.5 times that of the test voltage. A 275-kV 250-MVA three-phase transformer was built and is being operated at the Abe substation of Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc. The transformer has been operating satisfactorily.

关键词： transformer nonflammable perfluorocarbon SF6 gas long-term reliability

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A device simulation of the BBT effect in flash memory cells and implications for the development of high-reliability memory cells

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ELECTrONICS ANd COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PArT II-ELECTrONICS 1996年第11期79卷 51-57页

作者： Hayashi, T Fukuda, K Ohno, M Nishi, K Kita, A VLSI R&D Center OKI Electric Industry Company Ltd. Hachioji-shi Japan 193 Graduated from the Science University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1986 and joined Oki Electric. Since then he has been engaged in research on the reliability of MOS transistors and silicon oxide films. Since 1994 he has been engaged in the development of flash memory. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1983 and joined Oki Electric in 1985. Since then he has been engaged in research on the semiconductor process and device simulation. In 1990 he participated in joint research at the Technical University of Aachen. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Dept. of Electrical Engineering in 1980 and completed an MS course in 1983. In 1986 he completed the doctoral course at Shizuoka University. He then joined Oki Electric where he has been engaged in research on ULSI processes. He is now a manager responsible for flash memory at the VLSI R&D Center. He holds a doctorate in engineering. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated from the University of Tokyo Dept. of Applied Physics in 1973 and joined Oki Electric. He was engaged in the development of integrated circuit logic simulation technology and bipolar process technology and since 1980 he has been engaged in research on process/device simulation and modeling. Presently he is a senior manager at the VLSI R&D Center. In 1982–1984 he was a Visiting Scholar at MIT. He holds a doctorate in engineering. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society and a senior member of IEEE. Graduated from Tokyo Institute of Technology Dept. of Chemical Engineering in 1978 and completed the MS program in 1930. In that year he joined Oki Electric. Since then he has been engaged in CMOS process design for DRAM and flash memory. He is now a manager at the VLSI R&D Center. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society.

In order to analyze the BBT (band-to-band tunneling) phenomenon in flash memory cells by simulation, a new model is proposed, which improves on the BBT model by introducing the concept of ''average electric field.'' This model agrees well with the measured results in a wide drain N-concentration range. Using this model, the reliability of memory cells is analyzed. It is found that the difference of the amount of BBT generation does not directly affect the endurance characteristics but does affect the disturb characteristics. The same model can be used to analyze problem points of the present cells and to estimate the BBT current of next-generation devices accurately.

关键词： band-to-band tunneling flash memory simulation endurance characteristics

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Error tracking mode AC current waveform control method for three-phase self-commutated voltage source power converters

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ELECTrICAL ENGINEErING IN JAPAN 1996年第5期117卷 95-109页

作者： Ohshima, M Tokyo Electric Power Co. Ltd. Graduated from the Department of Electrical Engineering of the Faculty of Engineering University of Tokyo in March 1975. He joined Tokyo Electric Power Co. Ltd. in April of the same year. He was engaged in maintenance and inspection work of protective relays at Shinagawa and Ohi power stations from 1978 to 1980. After working on investigation of new technologies he was engaged in the research and development project of sodium sulfur battery systems for customers and networks. He is currently a Deputy Head of Power Electronics Department of Power Engineering R&D at Power Technology Center. He is a member of the IEEE EPE Association and Electrochemical Association.

A novel design theory for a three-phase self-commutated power conversion system (PCS) to perform as an ac current source is proposed. In this new ac current waveform control-method termed error tracking mode, the switching instructions of main devices are decided only by the error function of ac current at every data sampling time that comes in a constant period. The performance is theoretically evaluated. Simulation by SPICE also is executed and the characteristics are inspected. Error tracking mode has the following attractive features. It can treat two arbitrary current waveforms as target functions of two-phase arbitrary ac currents. The error between actual ac current value and the objective function value can be controlled and guaranteed to be less than an arbitrary value, which is given beforehand. All control components can be digitized. The minimum continuous on and off time of main devices is guaranteed in advance. No special starting control is necessary because actual ac currents are guaranteed to start tracking the target functions automatically. Error tracking mode makes contributions to improve precision in current control and to reduce current harmonics of self-commutated voltage source power converters.

关键词： three-phase ac-dc converter three-phase PCS PWM control dispersed power sources current regulation decoupled control

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Estimation of breakdown voltages of surface flashovers initiated from triple junction in SF6 gas

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ELECTrICAL ENGINEErING IN JAPAN 1996年第5期116卷 1-17页

作者： Hama, H Inami, K Yoshimura, M Nakanishi, K Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Received B.S. and M.S. degrees from Osaka University in 1979 and 1981 respectively. He joined Mitsubishi Electric Corporation in 1981. He has been engaged in the development of gas-insulated switchgears at Itami Works. He is a member of IEEE. Received his B.S. degree from Akita University in 1981. He joined Mitsubishi Electric Corporation in 1981. He has bene engaged in research and development of gas insulation for GIS at Itami Works. Received his B.S. degree from Hiroshima University in 1992. He joined Mitsubishi Electric Corporation in 1992. He has been engaged in research on gas insulation at Central Research Laboratory. Received his B.S. M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Osaka University in 19711973 and 1983 respectively. He joined Mitsubishi Electric Corporation in 1973. He has been engaged in the studies of SF6gas insulation and the development of gas-insulated switchgears at Central Research Laboratory. He was a Visiting Scientist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory Tennessee in 1983–1984. He is now the manager of Electromagnetic Systems Department Advanced Technology R&D Center Mitsubishi Electric Corp. Dr. Nakanishi is senior member of IEEE.

In this paper, a method is proposed to estimate the minimum breakdown voltages of surface flashovers initiated from the triple junction at which a solid insulator, SF6 gas, and a metal electrode come in contact. Using four kinds of test samples, the flashover voltages V-f are measured. The voltages V-f become lower than the theoretical voltages V-s of streamer inception in the case of the test sample with the large electrode area at the triple junction. To understand the phenomena quantitatively, we estimated the real partial discharge voltages V-c from the voltages V-f, and investigated the relationship between the voltages V-c and the theoretical values V-s. The values of V-s/V-c, which characterize the properties of the partial discharges, can be shown by the product lambda S(90%)E(av)P of the following parameters: (1) coefficient lambda representing the surface roughness of electrode at the triple junction;(2) effective area S-90% of the electrode;(3) average field E(av) at the area S-90%;and (4) gas pressure p. The minimum surface flashover voltages in the insulators for coaxial electrode systems can be estimated precisely, considering the properties of V-s/V-c.

关键词： insulation SF6 surface flashover breakdown voltage insulator-gas-electrode junction

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