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Evaluation of VSK separation in the classification of two mineralogically different iron ore fines

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第2期30卷 260-270页

作者： deepak Nayak Tonmoy Kundu Nilima dash Shiva Kumar I.Angadi S.K.Chaurasiya G.E.Sreedhar T.V.S.Subrahmanyam Swagat S.rath Mineral Processing Department CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751013India R&D Centre National Mineral Development Corporation LimitedHyderabad 500028India

With gradually diminishing Fe grade in tandem with the ever-increasing demand for high-grade iron ores,iron ore industries are now focusing on the beneficiation of low-grade iron ore fines,mainly considered ***,the scarcity of water at many of the mines’sites and the new water conservation policies of the governments have necessitated research on suitable dry beneficiation *** this context,an effort has been made to evaluate the efficacy of a dry classification unit,such as the VSK separator,in upgrading the iron values of two low-grade Indian iron ore fines,named Sample 1 and Sample *** mineralogical studies,involving scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction,suggest that Sample 1 is a low-grade blue dust sample(51.2wt%Fe)containing hematite and quartz as the major minerals,while Sample 2(53.3wt%Fe)shows the presence of goethite in addition to hematite and *** experiments,carried out using Box-Benkhen statistical design,indicate that blower speed,followed by feed rate,is the most influencing operating parameter in obtaining a good product in the VSK *** optimum levels of the operating factors,a fines product with~55wt%Fe at a yield of~40%can be obtained from Sample 1,while Sample 2 can be upgraded to~56wt%Fe at a yield of~85%.The results suggest that the VSK separator can be employed as an efficient intermediate unit operation in a processing circuit to upgrade the iron contents of iron ore fines.

关键词： iron ore fines dry beneficiation VSK separator Box–Behnken design

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Evolution of Nuvoton Microcontroller-based Education Board

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recent Patents on Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 127-139页

作者： Elp, Hudaverdi Emin Inan, remzi Assan EMS Technologies R&D Research and Development Istanbul Umraniye Turkey Department of Electric and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Technology Isparta University of Applied Sciences Isparta Turkey

Background: The novel coronavirus pandemic has not only affected people's health. The pandemic has also affected their social life and work. For all the reasons mentioned, international trade has suffered and is still in the process of recovery. Objective: Especially in the semiconductor industry, many manufacturers postponed their deliveries to future periods and this triggered the chip crisis. Many hightech industries, including the automotive industry, were deeply affected by the consequences of the crisis, with factories halting or slowing down production. despite the shortage of chip stocks, Nuvoton has a large amount of Microcontroller Units (MCUs), but due to the shortage of resources, education and libraries, software developers have not been able to integrate their products in a limited time. Methods: In this paper, the Nuvoton Education Board has presented 20 common examples for embedded software developers and beginners. results: The PCB is designed considering all modules connected to separate General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) pins to make multiple module examples without changing the peripherals and pin configuration of the MCU. Clock configuration has been simplified and unnecessary details have been meticulously removed to make the examples easily understandable. Nuvoton NuMaker M263KI V1.3 was added on the designed PCB. Conclusion: The PCB contains almost all the necessary electronics to learn embedded software and use Nuvoton MCUs in industrial projects. The board is supported with user interfaces and printed documentation. The codes are explained with command lines to teach users even small details. A patent application has been filed for the proposed education board. © 2024 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Embedded systems

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research on the recognition and Characterization of Fractures in Coal rock Based on CT Scanning

Research on the Recognition and Characterization of Fracture...

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International Petroleum and Petrochemical technology Conference 2024, IPPTC 2024

作者： Ye, Zhilin Qu, Shiyuan Liu, Jianquan Gao, Xiang Jin, Yi CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development China

Coal rock fractures play a vital role as key channels for gas migration and storage in the exploration and development of coalbed methane. The characteristics of these fractures, such as porosity distribution, specific surface area, and connectivity, directly impact the adsorption, diffusion, and permeability behaviors of coal reservoirs. Therefore, a detailed analysis of coal rock fracture characteristics is vital in assessing the extractability of coalbed methane and during its exploration and development process. Currently, techniques like imaging logging, seismic detection, and micro-CT are employed for characterizing and studying fractures at various scales. Among these, high-resolution non-destructive CT scanning technology, by constructing three-dimensional data models of core samples, enables a quantitative analysis of fracture distribution features and size parameters. Traditional digital image processing methods, such as threshold segmentation and binary segmentation, though advantageous in computational speed, have limitations in the accuracy of fracture identification. With the advancement of artificial intelligence technology, deep learning-based image processing techniques have increasingly become significant tools for fracture detection due to their powerful feature extraction capabilities. This study conducted micrometer-level CT scanning experiments on coal rock samples, using CT image processing technology to construct a digitalized coal rock core model. deep learning methods were applied for precise fracture identification, establishing an appropriate deep learning architecture and optimized parameters for coal rock fracture recognition. Furthermore, this paper provides a detailed quantitative characterization of the precisely identified fractures, offering robust technical support for the exploration and development of coalbed methane. The high-resolution nondestructive CT scanning technology and three-dimensional fracture network reconstruction

关键词： Computerized tomography

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Construction of Fracturing Knowledge Graph and Fracturing Plan Optimization 13th

Construction of Fracturing Knowledge Graph and Fracturing Pl...

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13th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEdC 2023

作者： Lin, Xia Xu, Chao Mi, Lan Liu, Zong-Shang Xiang, Chong Liu, Li-Xia PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing China Artificial Intelligence Technology R&D Center for Exploration and Development CNPC Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819702718

As an efficient and intelligent means of knowledge organization, knowledge graph has become the core force driving the development of artificial intelligence. Hydraulic fracturing is an important measure for increasing production and injection in oil and gas fields, with complex design processes and numerous influencing factors. In order to achieve rapid and accurate optimization of fracturing plan, this paper proposes a method for optimizing fracturing plan based on knowledge graph. By combing the system of fracturing domain knowledge, fracturing knowledge graph is constructed. Extracting characteristic parameters describing the geological engineering double sweet spot in multiple dimensions and multiple scales, and showing the characteristic parameter-related entities, relationships, and attributes as vectors via graph embedding technique. Integrate expert knowledge with artificial intelligence to build a fracturing effect prediction model and optimize the fracturing plan. In this study, more than 500 fracturing oil wells in a tight sandstone block are taken as objects to build a knowledge graph. Based on well test and production test data and historical production, this study predicts the fracturing stimulation effect and optimizes the fracturing engineering parameters. The calculation results indicate that factors such as reservoir thickness, oil saturation, number of fracture clusters, and half length of fractures have a significant impact on the fracturing effect. The coincidence rate between the predicted capacity of production and the actual capacity of production is over 91%, and the efficiency of fracturing plan design is increased by more than 20 times. The research results can provide scientific basis for predicting fracturing effects and optimizing fracturing engineering parameters, greatly improving the efficiency and quality of fracturing design, and improving the success rate of fracturing construction. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Spr

关键词： Forecasting

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Construction of the proprietary model of metro intelligent customer service based on open source large language model 4

Construction of the proprietary model of metro intelligent c...

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2024 4th International Conference on Intelligent Traffic Systems and Smart City, ITSSC 2024

作者： Lin, Tianzhen Liu, Hengyu Wang, Cui Yang, Huimin R&D Center Qingdao Bonin Fortune Intelligent Transportation Technology Development Co. Ltd. Qingdao266111 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510686304

The growth of passenger flow in Qingdao Metro has led to the rise of customer service demand. The existing customer service system is constructed based on NLP and knowledge graph, which has the problems of inaccurate understanding of questions, low correlation of answers, and low passenger satisfaction. With the development of large language model technology, customized large language models combined with domain-specific knowledge are increasingly applied to practical application scenarios. After comparing the mainstream open-source large language models, this paper selects Qwen2-7B model as the base model, combines the special knowledge of Qingdao Metro customer service field, generates the Qingdao Metro special customer service model through pre-training and fine-tuning, and develops the Qingdao Metro intelligent customer service agent by means of retrieval-augmented generation and prompt engineering. The evaluation test shows that the score of the model reaches 87 points, which is greater than the 80 points of the Qwen2-7B general model and the 45 points of the existing customer service system. Compared with the original customer service system of Qingdao Metro, the answer accuracy of the model is increased by 38%, and the answer accuracy is increased by 16% compared with the general model. The proprietary large language model of metro intelligent customer service based on open source large language model can effectively solve passenger problems and improve passenger satisfaction. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Sales

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Multi-stage decoupling Preconditioning Solution technology for Large-Scale reservoir Simulation 13th

Multi-stage Decoupling Preconditioning Solution Technology f...

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13th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEdC 2023

作者： Li, Ning Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing China Artificial Intelligence Technology R&D Center for Exploration and Development CNPC Beijing100083 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819702633

In response to the complex seepage mechanism of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, large-scale volume fracturing of multi-segment and multi-cluster horizontal wells, and differences in oil and gas pressure and saturation properties, which result in uneven distribution of eigenvalues, large value of conditions, and slow solving speed of nonlinear equation matrix, a multi-stage decoupling preconditioning solution technology was carried out on the Jacobian coefficient matrix of the oil and gas numerical discrete equation based on the implicit pressure explicit saturation method (IMPES) processing idea. Multi-grid method (AMG) + block based incomplete LU decomposition method (BILU0) are used to preprocess the Jacobian coefficient matrix in multiple stages, and the block based generalized minimum residual method (BGMrES) is used to solve the preconditioned nonlinear algebraic equations. The calculation result proves that compared with other single processing methods, this method effectively reduces the number of iterations for solving discrete equations while ensuring calculation accuracy, improves calculation speed, and has important application value for rapid formulation and decision-making optimization of oil and gas field development plans. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Nonlinear equations

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Ontology Construction technology of Knowledge Graph in Oil and Gas Exploration and development 13th

Ontology Construction Technology of Knowledge Graph in Oil a...

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13th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEdC 2023

作者： Li, Ning ren, Liang Liu, Zong-Shang ren, Shu-Hang Xiang, Chong Wu, Bo-Yu Cai, Xuan Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing China Artificial Intelligence Technology R&D Center for Exploration and Development CNPC Beijing100083 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819702718

With the gradual application of knowledge atlas technology in oil and gas exploration and development fields such as intelligent evaluation of oil and gas reservoir and intelligent identification of oil and gas reservoir through logging, the application of knowledge Atlas in oil and gas industry has attracted more and more attention. In view of the problem of knowledge expression and application in E&P sector field, a professional word bank of E&P was established based on web crawler technology, a feature corpus of E&P field was established by extracting E&P sector related achievement documents and literature data, and the principle of E&P knowledge graph ontology construction was formulated and the construction process was defined. The multistage classification system of oil and gas exploration and development knowledge atlas ontology is described and constructed from multiple dimensions such as sector, object and feature, and the knowledge atlas ontology model of oil and gas exploration and development sector domain is formed, which lays a foundation for the in-depth application of knowledge atlas technology in petroleum exploration and development. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Ontology

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Fracture Characterisation Methods and Application of Unconventional Oil and Gas reservoirs in reservoir Numerical Simulation

Fracture Characterisation Methods and Application of Unconve...

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2023 SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, APOG 2023

作者： Li, Qiaoyun Wu, Shuhong Cao, Zijian Wang, Baohua Li, Hua Jia, Han RIPED PetroChina China Artificial Intelligence Technology R&D Center for Exploration and Development CNPC China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613999813

It's necessary to solve the problem of fine characterization and efficient simulation of three types of fractures, i.e. natural fractures, artificial fractures and complex fracture network, for the development optimization design and scheme adjustment of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. This paper describes a set of efficient and practical fracture characterization techniques for reservoir numerical model, which integrates various numerical simulation methods of fractures in different scales, including single-medium equivalent model, LGr model, double-medium model, MINC model, non-structural discrete fracture model and embedded discrete fracture model. For different reservoir types and different fracture dimensions, different models are adopted to depict the spatial distribution and fluid flow characteristics of fracture-matrix, matrix-matrix and fracture-fracture. The application in a shale gas shows that the set of fracture characterization methods can accurately describe the shape, geometric characteristics and spatial position of natural fractures, artificial fractures and fracture network. The methods also can simulate the fluid flow characteristics in multi-scale fracture network efficiently, and accurately predict the productivity of fracture network. Copyright 2023, Society of Petroleum Engineers.

关键词： Natural fractures

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Ongoing Evolution of drAM Scaling via Third dimension -Vertically Stacked drAM

Ongoing Evolution of DRAM Scaling via Third Dimension -Verti...

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2023 IEEE Symposium on VLSI technology and Circuits, VLSI technology and Circuits 2023

作者： Han, J.W. Park, S.H. Jeong, M.Y. Lee, K.S. Kim, K.N. Kim, H.J. Shin, J.C. Park, S.M. Shin, S.H. Park, S.W. Lee, K.S. Lee, J.H. Kim, S.H. Kim, B.C. Jung, M.H. Yoon, I.Y. Kim, H. Jang, S.U. Park, K.J. Kim, Y.K. Kim, I.G. Oh, J.H. Han, S.Y. Kim, B.S. Kuh, B.J. Park, J.M. Dram Technology Development Hwaseong Korea Republic of Next Generation Process Development Samsung R&d Center Hwaseong Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9784863488069

For the past decades, the density of drAM has been remarkably increased by making access transistors and capacitors smaller in size per unit area. However, shrinking devices far beyond the 10 nm process node increasingly poses process and reliability challenges. As Flash technology made a pivotal and successful innovation via 3d NANd, drAM technology may also adopt vertical stacking memory cells. Vertically stacked drAM (VS-drAM) continues to increase bit density on a die by increasing the number of layers along with reducing the size of the transistor. In this paper, the opportunities and challenges of VS-drAM are discussed. © 2023 JSAP.

关键词： dynamic random access storage

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Effect of cooling scheme and coating of drills on hole quality in drilling of Inconel 718 7

Effect of cooling scheme and coating of drills on hole quali...

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7th CIrP Conference on Surface Integrity, CSI 2024

作者： Zhou, Jinming Frejd, Stefan Slipchenko, Kateryna Hrechuk, Andrii M'Saoubi, rachid Division of Production and Materials Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden Seco Tools AB R&D Material and Technology Development Fagersta Sweden

Challenges in drilling nickel-based superalloys, such as Inconel 718 (IN718), are multifaceted. High requirement of hole surface quality in drilling such alloy must deal with extreme material properties and complex process condition in drilling operation. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of PVd coated solid carbide drills under different internal cooling schemes on hole quality in drilling IN 718 alloy. Three types of solid carbide drills were used in the series of drilling experiments, including PVd coated and uncoated drills, and different design in the number of internal cooling channels, two channels and four channels. The objective of the investigation is to assess the effect of coating and efficiency of internal cooling on surface quality in drilling IN718 alloy. Surface quality on drilled holes in terms of roughness, burr formation, subsurface deformation and strain hardening has also been measured and analyzed on the machined specimen. The roughness and burr size on drilled holes demonstrated little differences among the three types of testing drills. Surface roughness was severely deteriorated by the chip trapped in the hole leaving scratch and smears on the surface. Nevertheless, the scheme of internal cooling channels and PVd coating exhibited noticeable influence on quality of drilled hole surface. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Superalloys

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