This study investigates the optimization of a ZnO-coated TiO working electrode and the effect of this hybrid electrode on the power conversion efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell（dSSC）.This electrode was fabri...
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This study investigates the optimization of a ZnO-coated TiO working electrode and the effect of this hybrid electrode on the power conversion efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell（dSSC）.This electrode was fabricated by dipping the TiO electrode with the TiCl treatment in a solution of zinc acetate dehydrate[Zn（CH3COO）2?2H2O]and *** effect of the concentration of Zn（CHCOO）?2HO on the band gap of a working electrode and on the power conversion efficiency of a dSSC was also *** the concentration of ZnO decreased to 0.002from 0.004 mol/L,the band gap of the working electrode decreased to 3.08 e V from 3.87 e V,and the power conversion efficiency（η）of the dSSC increased to 3.8573%from 3.3514%.Interestingly,theηof dSSC with a ZnO-coated Ti O2 hybrid electrode substantially exceeded that of the conventional dSSC due to TiO orbital hybridization and an energy barrier between ZnO and TiO that suppressed the electron recombination.
In order to improve driver convenience, electronic tilt ＆ tele column is applied to a full sized car. To operate electronic tilt ＆ tele, it needs two motors and one electronic controller. Because of high cost compon...
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In order to improve driver convenience, electronic tilt ＆ tele column is applied to a full sized car. To operate electronic tilt ＆ tele, it needs two motors and one electronic controller. Because of high cost component parts, it is difficult to apply to a midsize car. Meanwhile, to cope with regulations of fuel efficiency and emission, motordriven power steering system is applied to a full sized car from a small car. But MdPS （Markov decision processes） also consist of high cost component parts （motor and electronic controller）. This paper proposed the MdPS motor-driven electronic tilt ＆ tele column system which has single motor and an integrated electronic controller and introduced the detaileddesign study and evaluation results.
This study investigated the effect of distraction on driving performance fordrivers using a touch screen. We evaluated the influence of three secondary tasks on the primary task varying the task duration and the scre...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467327534
This study investigated the effect of distraction on driving performance fordrivers using a touch screen. We evaluated the influence of three secondary tasks on the primary task varying the task duration and the screen position using 16 participants whose ages ranged from the twenties to the fifties. The primary task was car following. There were three secondary tasks: calling out numbers on the touch screen, calling out numbers and simultaneously to tap the same number on the touch screen, and tapping the four corners of the touch screen. driving performance was evaluated in terms of speed, headway and lateral position. Based on the results of the study, when the drivers are operating the touch screen while driving, visual and manual distraction differently affecteddifferent driving performance measures. Specifically, visual distraction had a greater effect on longitudinal control measure, whereas combined visual/manual distraction affected longitudinal and lateral control measures.
In Borneo, to monitor the dolphin's groups that migrate from the Semayang Lake to the Mahakam river at Pela village, the annual long-term in-situ monitoring using a stationary observatory deployed from an existing...
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In Borneo, to monitor the dolphin's groups that migrate from the Semayang Lake to the Mahakam river at Pela village, the annual long-term in-situ monitoring using a stationary observatory deployed from an existing floating house was started in June 2012. Taking advantage of the floating house observation platform on the river, one SBL (Short Base Line) system which consists of a three-piece set of SSBL (Super Short Base Line) units with environmental sensors was used for the recording system. In the Mahakam river, boat traffic has been steadily increasing. Not only for understanding the trend of the dolphin's migration but also for evaluation of increasing boat noise on their echolocation ability, basic acoustic characteristics of the dolphin's echolocation clicks and two typical types of boat noise pulses (type A and type B) were revealed to distinguish dolphin clicks accurately from boat noise.
Speaker verification suffers from significant performance degradation on emotional speech. We present an adaptation approach based on maximum likelihood linearregression (MLLr) and its feature-space variant, CMLLr. O...
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Speaker verification suffers from significant performance degradation on emotional speech. We present an adaptation approach based on maximum likelihood linearregression (MLLr) and its feature-space variant, CMLLr. Our preliminary experiments demonstrate that this approach leads to considerable performance improvement, particularly with CMLLr (about 10% relative EErreduction in average). We also find that the performance gain can be significantly increased with a large set of training data for the transform estimation.
The magnetic properties of NdFeB magnets are strongly affected by crystallographic texture which is highly associated with particle orientation. This study proposed a method for predicting the particle orientation in ...
The magnetic properties of NdFeB magnets are strongly affected by crystallographic texture which is highly associated with particle orientation. This study proposed a method for predicting the particle orientation in the simple upsetting process of NdFeB magnets. The method is based on finite element simulation with flow net analysis. The magnets in a cylindrical form were compressed by two flat dies in a chamber filled with argon at 750°C. Three forming speeds were taken into account in order to obtain flow stress curves used in simulations. The micrographs of the cross sections of the deformed magnets show that the particle deformation significantly increases with the compression. The phenomenon was also predicted by the proposed method. Both simulated and experimental results show that the inhomogeneity of the texture of the NdFeB magnets can be increased by the simple upsetting process. The predicted particle orientations were in a good agreement with those examined in the deformed magnets. The proposed method for predicting particle orientations can also be used in other forming processes of NdFeB magnets.
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