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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gong, Ting Fair, Merlin J. Setsompop, Kawin Zhang, Hui Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom Radiological Sciences Laboratory Department of Radiology Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States

We present a microstructure imaging technique for estimating compartment-specific T2 and T2* simultaneously in the human brain. Microstructure imaging with diffusion MRI (dMRI) has enabled the modelling of intra-neurite and extra-neurite diffusion signals separately allowing for the estimation of compartment-specific tissue properties. These compartment-specific properties have been widely used in clinical studies. However, conventional dMRI cannot disentangle differences in relaxations between tissue compartments, causing biased estimates of diffusion measures which also change with TE. To solve the problem, combined relaxometry-diffusion imaging methods have been developed in recent years, providing compartmental T2-diffusion or T2*-diffusion imaging respectively, but not T2 and T2* together. As they provide complementary information, a technique that can estimate both jointly with diffusion is appealing to neuroimaging studies. The aim of this work is to develop a method to map compartmental T2-T2*-diffusion simultaneously. Using an advanced MRI acquisition called diffusion-PEPTIDE, a novel microstructure model is proposed and a multi-step fitting method is developed to estimate parameters of interest. We demonstrate for the first time that compartmental T2, T2* can be estimated simultaneously from in vivo data. we further show the accuracy and precision of parameter estimation with simulation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tissue

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AgileWatts: An Energy-Efficient CPU Core Idle-State Architecture for Latency-Sensitive Server Applications 22

AgileWatts: An Energy-Efficient CPU Core Idle-State Architec...

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Proceedings of the 55th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture

作者： Jawad Haj Yahya Haris Volos Davide B. Bartolini Georgia Antoniou Jeremie S. Kim Zhe Wang Kleovoulos Kalaitzidis Tom Rollet Zhirui Chen Ye Geng Onur Mutlu Yiannakis Sazeides Rivos Inc Mountain View California United States Computer Architecture Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of Cyprus Computing Systems Lab Huawei Zurich Research Center Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781665462723

User-facing applications running in modern datacenters exhibit irregular request patterns and are implemented using a multitude of services with tight latency requirements (30--250μs). These characteristics render existing energy-conserving techniques ineffective when processors are idle due to the long transition time (order of 100μs) from a deep CPU core idle power state (C-state). While prior works propose management techniques to mitigate this inefficiency, we tackle it at its root with AgileWatts (AW): a new deep CPU core C-state architecture optimized for datacenter server processors targeting latency-sensitive *** drastically reduces the transition latency from deep CPU core idle power states while retaining most of their power savings based on three key ideas. First, AW eliminates the latency (several microseconds) of saving/restoring the core context when powering-off/-on the core in a deep idle state by i) implementing medium-grained power-gates, carefully distributed across the CPU core, and ii) retaining context in the power-ungated domain. Second, AW eliminates the flush latency (several tens of microseconds) of the L1/L2 caches when entering a deep idle state by keeping L1/L2 content power-ungated. A small control logic also remains ungated to serve cache coherence traffic. AW implements cache sleep-mode and leakage reduction for the power-ungated domain by lowering a core's voltage to the minimum operational level. Third, using a state-of-the-art power efficient all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) clock generator, AW keeps the PLL active and locked during the idle state, cutting microseconds of wake-up latency at negligible power *** evaluation with an accurate industrial-grade simulator calibrated against an Intel Skylake server shows that AW reduces the energy consumption of Memcached by up to 71% (35% on average) with <1% end-to-end performance degradation. We observe similar trends for other evaluated services (MySQL and Kafka).

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Multi-User Probabilistic Semantic Communication with Semantic Compression Ratio Optimization

Multi-User Probabilistic Semantic Communication with Semanti...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC

作者： Zhouxiang Zhao Zhaohui Yang Mingzhe Chen Changsheng You Qianqian Yang Wei Xu Zhaoyang Zhang College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Info. Proc. Commun. & Netw. (IPCAN) Hangzhou China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350304053

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304060

In this paper, the problem of joint transmission and computation resource allocation for a multi-user probabilistic semantic communication (PSC) network is investigated. In the considered model, users employ semantic information extraction techniques to compress their large-sized raw data before transmitting them to a multi-antenna base station (BS). Our model represents the raw data through comprehensive knowledge graphs, utilizing shared probability graphs between users and the BS for efficient semantic compression. The resource allocation problem is formulated as an optimization problem with the objective of maximizing the sum of equivalent rate of all users, considering total power budget constraint. This joint optimization problem inherently addresses the delicate balance between transmission efficiency and computational complexity. To address this optimization challenge, we present an iterative algorithm in which the optimal solution for the semantic compression ratio of a specific user is determined at each iteration. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

关键词： Conferences Computational modeling Semantics Knowledge graphs Probabilistic logic Information retrieval Data models

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computing Power in the Sky: Digital Twin-assisted Collaborative computing with Multi-UAV Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Wang, Chao Han, Yu Zhang, Long Jia, Ziye Zhang, Hongliang Hong, Choong Seon Han, Zhu Hebei University of Engineering School of Information and Electrical Engineering Handan056038 China Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Jinan250014 China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing211106 China Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Jiangsu Nanjing211111 China Peking University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Beijing100871 China Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si17104 Korea Republic of University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

The collaboration of computing powers (CPs) among unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-mounted edge servers is essential to handle data-intensive tasks of user equipments (UEs). This paper presents a multi-UAV computing power network (CPN) that orchestrates the CP resources of edge servers to cooperatively process tasks through collaborative computing. Due to the frequent interactions among edge servers and the increased complexities for large-scale task executions, we propose a digital twin (DT)-driven multi-UAV CPN framework, where the aerial DT network is created as a digital replica of the multi-UAV network to assist collaborative computing. A joint optimization problem of the service association, offloading power control, task partitions, CP allocation, and UAV trajectory design is formulated to minimize the long-term average delay of UEs. We use the Lyapunov technique to tackle the long-term energy constraint, forming a tractable optimization problem, which is modeled as a Markov decision process to balance the UAV's deficit queue stability and the UE's task completion delay. A hybrid soft actor-critic based deep reinforcement learning algorithm is developed to optimize the joint design by sampling the hybrid action from the Gumbel and Gaussian distributions. Simulation results verify that the multi-UAV CPN contributes to significant performance gains when supported by DTs. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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Resource Allocation for Semantic Relay Aided Wireless Networks with Probability Graph

Resource Allocation for Semantic Relay Aided Wireless Networ...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Jiahui Zhao Ming Chen Zhaohui Yang Changsheng You Mingzhe Chen National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Info. Proc. Commun. & Netw. (IPCAN) Hangzhou China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728190549

ISBN: (纸本)9781728190556

In this paper, we introduce a novel uplink semantic relay (SemRelay)-aided wireless communication system, catering to multiple users by leveraging a shared probability graph between the SemRelay and the base station (BS). In this system, users transmit text information to the SemRelay through conventional bit transmission, and the SemRelay compresses this information using a knowledge based characterized by probability graph before transmitting it to the BS through semantic communication. Then, the BS recovers the information based on the shared probability graph. While the semantic information compression incurs computational resource consumption, it significantly reduces communication resource usage. This paper addresses the challenge of minimizing overall system latency through jointly optimizing communication and computation re-source allocation, considering limited wireless resources and the system's energy budget. To address this problem, we introduce an efficient iterative algorithm, which employs block coordinate descent for communication resource allocation and exhaustive searching for determining the optimal data compression scheme. In particular, both power allocation subproblem and bandwidth allocation subproblem are proved to be convex. The complexity analysis of the proposed algorithm are also provided. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and the superior performance of semantic communication compared to the conventional bit transmission.

关键词： Wireless networks Semantics Knowledge based systems Data compression Search problems Complexity theory Resource management

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Quality Assessment of Screen Content Videos

Quality Assessment of Screen Content Videos

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis (IPRIA)

作者： Hossein Motamednia Pooryaa Cheraaqee Azadeh Mansouri Ahmad Mahmoudi-Aznaveh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kharazmi University Tehran Iran High Performance Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Tehran Iran Cyber Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran

Perceptual quality assessment has always been challenging due to the difficulty in modeling the no-linear human visual system. With the diversity in the contents of multimedia signals, the conventional methods for traditional media seems no longer satisfying. One of these emerging media, is the screen content images/videos (SCINs), Containing texts and computer generated graphics, SCVs cannot be sufficiently expressed with features designed for natural sceneries. Therefore, new researches tried to devise objective quality assessment metrics, specificly for screen contents. Recently, a dataset was proposed for quality assessment of screen content videos. Since screen contents are full of structures that spread in cardinal directions, we were motivated to employ the horizontal and vertical subbands of the wavelet transform to characterize these types of visual contents. The features were incorporated in a full-reference method that showed promising results on the publicly available dataset for SCV quality assessment. The method can bo accessed via: https://***/motamedNia/QASCV.

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GaRField++: Reinforced Gaussian Radiance Fields for Large-Scale 3D Scene Reconstruction

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Hanyue Yang, Zhiliu Zuo, Xinhe Tong, Yuxin Long, Ying Liu, Chen School of Information Science and Engineering Yunnan University Yunnan Kunming650500 China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Systems and Computing Yunnan University Yunnan Kunming650500 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clarkson University PotsdamNY13699 United States

This paper proposes a novel framework for large-scale scene reconstruction based on 3D Gaussian splatting (3DGS) and aims to address the scalability and accuracy challenges faced by existing methods. For tackling the scalability issue, we split the large scene into multiple cells, and the candidate point-cloud and camera views of each cell are correlated through a visibility-based camera selection and a progressive point-cloud extension. To reinforce the rendering quality, three highlighted improvements are made in comparison with vanilla 3DGS, which are a strategy of the ray-Gaussian intersection and the novel Gaussians density control for learning efficiency, an appearance decoupling module based on ConvKAN network to solve uneven lighting conditions in large-scale scenes, and a refined final loss with the color loss, the depth distortion loss, and the normal consistency loss. Finally, the seamless stitching procedure is executed to merge the individual Gaussian radiance field for novel view synthesis across different cells. Evaluation of Mill19, Urban3D, and MatrixCity datasets shows that our method consistently generates more high-fidelity rendering results than state-of-the-art methods of large-scale scene reconstruction. We further validate the generalizability of the proposed approach by rendering on self-collected video clips recorded by a commercial drone. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： 3D reconstruction

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Designing of a Solar MPPT Controller with the Technique of Differentiation Between Uniform Irradiance and Partial Shading Conditions 9

Designing of a Solar MPPT Controller with the Technique of D...

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9th IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy, PECon 2022

作者： Ahmed, Sajib Mekhilef, Saad Mubin, Marizan Tey, Kok Soon Rawa, Muhyaddin University of Malaya Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia University of Malaya Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Computer System and Technology Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia King Abdulaziz University Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781665409902

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409902

Solar energy is considered one of the best essential energy sources to solve the present power crisis. The solar photovoltaic system has a low conversion efficiency that inflicts maximum power extractions. The non-linear relationship between the voltage and current insists on using a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. Perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT controller is popular because of its simple design and cost-effectiveness features;nonetheless, it has drawbacks while operating under partial shading conditions (PSC). The maximum power trapezium (MPT) method modified the P&O algorithm by incorporating an appropriate scanning mechanism for PSC. Despite having good PSC performance, this method's tracking time is much longer than the conventional algorithm in both uniform irradiance conditions (UIC) and PSC. The algorithm proposed in this paper modifies the MPT method with an extra strategy to distinguish between the UIC and PSC. If the pattern is recognized as UIC, the proposed method utilizes the conventional P&O algorithm to track the MPP;otherwise, scanning techniques are being used. The proposed algorithm's operation was tested on simulation using distinct UIC and PSC patterns and worked effectively. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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VENUS: A Geometrical Representation for Quantum State Visualization

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ruan, Shaolun Yuan, Ribo Guan, Qiang Lin, Yanna Mao, Ying Jiang, Weiwen Wang, Zhepeng Xu, Wei Wang, Yong School of Computing and Information System Singapore Management University Singapore Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of Delaware United States Department of Computer Science Kent State University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Computer and Information Science Department Fordham University United States Electrical and Computer Engineering George Mason University United States Computational Science Initiative Brookhaven National Laboratory United States

Visualizations have played a crucial role in helping quantum computing users explore quantum states in various quantum computing applications. Among them, Bloch Sphere is the widely-used visualization for showing quantum states, which leverages angles to represent quantum amplitudes. However, it cannot support the visualization of quantum entanglement and superposition, the two essential properties of quantum computing. To address this issue, we propose VENUS, a novel visualization for quantum state representation. By explicitly correlating 2D geometric shapes based on the math foundation of quantum computing characteristics, VENUS effectively represents quantum amplitudes of both the single qubit and two qubits for quantum entanglement. Also, we use multiple coordinated semicircles to naturally encode probability distribution, making the quantum superposition intuitive to analyze. We conducted two well-designed case studies and an in-depth expert interview to evaluate the usefulness and effectiveness of VENUS. The result shows that VENUS can effectively facilitate the exploration of quantum states for the single qubit and two qubits. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visualization

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Retraction Note: High performance reconciliation for practical quantum key distribution systems

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2024年第12期56卷 1-2页

作者： Mao, ao-Kun Li, Qiong Hao, Peng-Lei Abd-El-Atty, Bassem Iliyasu, Abdullah M. Department of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Luxor University Luxor Egypt Electrical Engineering Department College of Engineering Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al- Kharj Saudi Arabia School of Computing Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan School of Computer Science and Technology Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun China

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