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arXiv 2023年

作者： Huang, Huan Zhang, Ying Zhang, Hongliang Cai, Yi Swindlehurst, A. Lee Han, Zhu Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Novel Optical Fiber Technology and Communication Network Suzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Network Technology Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou215006 China The School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China The School of Electronics Peking University Beijing100871 China The Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing University of California IrvineCA92697 United States The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States

Due to the open communications environment in wireless channels, wireless networks are vulnerable to jamming attacks. However, existing approaches for jamming rely on knowledge of the legitimate users’ (LUs’) channels, extra jamming power, or both. To raise concerns about the potential threats posed by illegitimate intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs), we propose an alternative method to launch jamming attacks on LUs without either LU channel state information (CSI) or jamming power. The proposed approach employs an adversarial IRS with random phase shifts, referred to as a "disco" IRS (DIRS), that acts like a "disco ball" to actively age the LUs’ channels. Such active channel aging (ACA) interference can be used to launch jamming attacks on multi-user multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) systems. The proposed DIRS-based fully-passive jammer (FPJ) can jam LUs with no additional jamming power or knowledge of the LU CSI, and it can not be mitigated by classical anti-jamming approaches. A theoretical analysis of the proposed DIRS-based FPJ that provides an evaluation of the DIRS-based jamming attacks is derived. Based on this detailed theoretical analysis, some unique properties of the proposed DIRS-based FPJ can be obtained. Furthermore, a design example of the proposed DIRS-based FPJ based on one-bit quantization of the IRS phases is demonstrated to be sufficient for implementing the jamming attack. In addition, numerical results are provided to show the effectiveness of the derived theoretical analysis and the jamming impact of the proposed DIRS-based FPJ. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wireless networks

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SecureShare: Blockchain based Secure and Verifiable Knowledge Sharing for AI-Generated Content (AIGC) Services

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Fan, Mochan Li, Zonghang Sun, Gang Du, Hongyang Yu, Hongfang Niyato, Dusit University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Communication Engineering Chengdu610054 China Agile and Intelligent Computing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 999077 Hong Kong Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering 639798 Singapore

Benefiting from the rapidly expanding Internet of Things (IoT) data and powerful computing devices, AI-generated content (AIGC) trains models with vast knowledge to provide automated content generation services. Sharing knowledge through the ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) algorithm is beneficial for training high-quality AIGC models to offer better services. However, existing CP-ABE sharing schemes often involve untrusted third parties, which can result in issues such as knowledge deletion, unverifiable access, and single points of failure. To address these challenges, some blockchain-based sharing schemes have been developed. However, they still face privacy leakage problems. In this paper, we propose SecureShare, a secure and verifiable knowledge sharing scheme based on a consortium blockchain for AIGC services. We begin by outlining a blockchain knowledge sharing architecture and optimizing the Delegated Proof of Stake (DPOS) committee node selection method to ensure that entities can achieve verifiable access control. Additionally, to achieve fine-grained access to knowledge ciphertext while preserving privacy, we propose a CP-ABE scheme with Policy Hiding, attribute privacy preservation, and Revocation, referred to as PHR-CP-ABE. PHR-CP-ABE ensures the privacy of access policies and attributes, and users whose attributes have been revoked cannot decrypt knowledge further. A case study on Dall-E clearly illustrates the operational mechanism of the proposed scheme. We provide theoretical analysis of the security of both the AIGC knowledge sharing scheme and PHR-CP-ABE. Through extensive performance analysis and comparisons with existing schemes, our approach demonstrates significant advantages in terms of computation and communication overhead. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Ciphertext

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Identifying Materials-Level Sources of Performance Variation in Superconducting Transmon Qubits

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Murthy, Akshay A. Bal, Mustafa Bedzyk, Michael J. Cansizoglu, Hilal Chan, Randall K. Chandrasekhar, Venkat Crisa, Francesco Datta, Amlan Deng, Yanpei Matute Diaz, Celeo D. Dravid, Vinayak P. Garcia-Wetten, David A. Garattoni, Sabrina Ghimire, Sunil Goronzy, Dominic P. de Graaf, Sebastian E. Haeuser, Sam Hersam, Mark C. Isheim, Dieter Joshi, Kamal Kim, Richard Kolachina, Saagar Kopas, Cameron J. Kramer, Matthew J. Lachman, Ella O. Lee, Jaeyel Lim, Peter G. Lunin, Andrei Mah, William Marshall, Jayss Mutus, Josh Y. Oh, Jin-Su Pappas, David P. Park, Joong-Mok Prozorov, Ruslan dos Reis, Roberto Seidman, David N. Sung, Zuhawn Tanatar, Makariy Walker, Mitchell J. Wang, Jigang Wu, Haotian Zhou, Lin Zhu, Shaojiang Grassellino, Anna Romanenko, Alexander BataviaIL60510 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Rigetti Computing BerkeleyCA94710 United States Ames National Laboratory AmesIA50011 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States The NUANCE Center Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States International Institute of Nanotechnology Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States National Physical Laboratory TeddingtonTW11 0LW United Kingdom Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States

The Superconducting Materials and Systems (SQMS) Center, a DOE National Quantum Information science Research Center, has conducted a comprehensive and coordinated study using superconducting transmon qubit chips with known performance metrics to identify the underlying materials-level sources of device-to-device performance variation. Following qubit coherence measurements, these qubits of varying base superconducting metals and substrates have been examined with various nondestructive and invasive material characterization techniques at Northwestern University, Ames National laboratory, and Fermilab as part of a blind study. We find trends in variations of the depth of the etched substrate trench, the thickness of the surface oxide, and the geometry of the sidewall, which when combined, lead to correlations with the T1 lifetime across different devices. In addition, we provide a list of features that varied from device to device, for which the impact on performance requires further studies. Finally, we identify two low-temperature characterization techniques that may potentially serve as proxy tools for qubit measurements. These insights provide materials-oriented solutions to not only reduce performance variations across neighboring devices, but also to engineer and fabricate devices with optimal geometries to achieve performance metrics beyond the state-of-the-art values. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Qubits

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Augmenting photoluminescence of monolayer MoS_(2) using high order modes in a metal dimer-on-film nanocavity

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Photonics Research 2021年第4期9卷 501-506页

作者： Shiyin Cao Liping Hou Qifa Wang Chenyang Li Weixing Yu Xuetao Gan Kaihui Liu Malin Premaratne Fajun Xiao Jianlin Zhao MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information TechnologySchool of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710119China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum MatterSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory(AχL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia

Plasmonic particle-on-film nanocavities,supporting gap modes with ultra-small volume,provide a great solution to boost light–matter interactions at the *** this work,we report on the photoluminescence(PL)enhancement of monolayer MoS_(2) using high order modes of an Au nanosphere dimer-on-film nanocavity(DoFN).The high order plasmon modes,consisting of two bonding quadrupoles in the dimer and their images in the Au film,are revealed by combining the polarization-resolved scattering spectra with the numerical *** integrating the monolayer MoS_(2) into the DoFN,these high order modes are used to enhance PL intensity through simultaneously boosting the absorption and emission processes,producing a 1350-fold enhancement *** opens an avenue to enhance the light–matter interaction with high order plasmon modes and may find applications in future optoelectronics and nanophotonics devices.

关键词： cavity high integrating

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Decoherence of a tunable capacitively shunted flux qubit

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Trappen, R. Dai, X. Yurtalan, M.A. Melanson, D. Tennant, D.M. Martinez, A.J. Tang, Y. Gibson, J. Grover, J.A. Disseler, S.M. Basham, J.I. Das, R. Kim, D.K. Melville, A.J. Niedzielski, B.M. Hirjibehedin, C.F. Serniak, K. Weber, S.J. Yoder, J.L. Oliver, W.D. Lidar, D.A. Lupascu, A. Institute for Quantum Computing Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy Dartmouth College Hanover03755 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology LexingtonMA02421 United States Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering Chemistry and Physics Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

We present a detailed study of the coherence of a tunable capacitively-shunted flux qubit, designed for coherent quantum annealing applications. The measured relaxation at the qubit symmetry point is mainly due to intrinsic flux noise in the main qubit loop for qubit frequencies below ∼ 3 GHz. At higher frequencies, thermal noise in the bias line makes a significant contribution to the relaxation, arising from the design choice to experimentally explore both fast annealing and high-frequency control. The measured dephasing rate is primarily due to intrinsic low-frequency flux noise in the two qubit loops, with additional contribution from the low-frequency noise of control electronics used for fast annealing. The flux-bias dependence of the dephasing time also reveals apparent noise correlation between the two qubit loops, possibly due to non-local sources of flux noise or junction critical-current noise. Our results are relevant for ongoing efforts toward building superconducting quantum annealers with increased coherence. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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Children’s online handwriting quality analysis.

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Akouaydi, Hanen Hamdi, Yahia Boubaker, Houcine Zaied, Mourad Cheikh, Faouzi Alaya Alimi, Adel M. BP 1173 Sfax3038 Tunisia B.P. 6072 Gabes Tunisia The Norwegian Colour and Visual Computing Laboratory Department of Computer Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology POBox 191 2802 Norway Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment University of Johannesburg South Africa

Contributions: An innovative e-learning project is presented in this paper, which is a mobile workbook that teaches handwriting at school. This mobile application proposes a new qualitative and quantitative analysis process of online cursive handwriting. It gives a real-time feedback, detects mistakes and helps teachers evaluate children’s writing skills. The main aim of this notebook is to aid kids learn how to write correctly. We analyze handwriting according to major criteria like shape, kinematics of the trace, position respect to the reference lines, stroke order and direction. Background: Beta-elliptic model with dissimilarity distance (DD) and similarity detection (SD), and SVM with Cartesian Fourier Descriptor Model (FDcarM) are used to analyze the handwriting quality. Our work apprehends dynamic and visual representations of the acquired traces, describes the overall geometry of a trace as a function of the undulations of its curvature function and selects efficient features adapted to various handwriting styles. This work demonstrates that beta-elliptic model is not only a model for segmentation and recognition but also a tool to evaluate handwriting. Intended outcomes: A masterclass environment that motivates childrents to perform better on in application evaluations. The mobile workbook should be positively received by learners and teachers. Application design: Our application provides interfaces for both learners and experts which are flexible with the particularity of each child and makes experienced kids engaged with challenging tasks. Findings: For the validation of our proposed system,we collected a database of 400 Tunisian children from pre-schools and primary schools. Results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of our application an the great majority of expertts expressed a positive attitude toward it. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Function evaluation

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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Enhanced Wireless Localization: Phase Optimization for Malicious Interference Mitigation

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 2025年

作者： Zhang, Yi Xie, Yajing Wang, Lijia Liwang, Minghui Wang, Xianbin Xiamen University Ministry of Education of China Department of Information and Communication Engineering Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing Xiamen China Tongji University Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai China Western University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ON Canada

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have merged as important enabling technologies for localization coverage extension and localization accuracy improvement under signal blockage and malicious interference conditions. However, most existing works assume known locations of jammers, which is generally impractical in real-world networks. To overcome this challenge, we propose a novel RIS-enhanced wireless localization framework against malicious interference with the support of either narrowband or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) pilot signals. A two-stage anti-jamming localization approach is developed to first estimate the unknown channel and signal information of the jammer and then localize the user’s position by eliminating the jamming signal. More importantly, we utilize the full potential of RIS to improve localization accuracy by optimizing the phase shift profile during the iterative process. Extensive simulation results demonstrate the commendable performance of our proposed framework, which can not only mitigate the jamming effect but also achieve better localization accuracy, offering a good reference for future heterogeneous and complex wireless networks. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency division multiplexing

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ASBSO: An improved brain storm optimization with flexible search length and memory-based selection

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Yu, Yang Gao, Shangce Wang, Yirui Cheng, Jiujun Todo, Yuki The Faculty of Engineering University of Toyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai200092 China The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa-shi920-1192 Japan

Brain storm optimization (BSO) is a newly proposed population-based optimization algorithm which uses a logarithmic sigmoid transfer function to adjust its search range during the convergent process. However, this adjustment only varies with the current iteration number, and lacks of flexibility and variety which makes a poor search efficiency and robustness of BSO. To alleviate this problem, an adaptive step length structure together with a success memory selection strategy are proposed to be incorporated into BSO. This proposed method, adaptive step length based on memory selection BSO, namely ASBSO, applies multiple step lengths to modify the generation process of new solutions, thus supplying a flexible search according to corresponding problems and convergent periods. The novel memory mechanism which is capable of evaluating and storing the degree of improvements of solutions is used to determine the selection possibility of step lengths. A set of 57 benchmark functions are used to test ASBSO's search ability, and four real-world problems are adopted to show its application value. All these test results indicate the remarkable improvement in solution quality, scalability and robustness of ASBSO. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Swarm intelligence

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SVoRT: Iterative Transformer for Slice-to-Volume Registration in Fetal Brain MRI

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Xu, Junshen Moyer, Daniel Grant, P. Ellen Golland, Polina Iglesias, Juan Eugenio Adalsteinsson, Elfar Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT CambridgeMA United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory MIT CambridgeMA United States Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center Boston Children’s Hospital BostonMA United States Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London United Kingdom Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston United States Institute for Medical Engineering and Science MIT CambridgeMA United States

Volumetric reconstruction of fetal brains from multiple stacks of MR slices, acquired in the presence of almost unpredictable and often severe subject motion, is a challenging task that is highly sensitive to the initialization of slice-to-volume transformations. We propose a novel slice-to-volume registration method using Transformers trained on synthetically transformed data, which model multiple stacks of MR slices as a sequence. With the attention mechanism, our model automatically detects the relevance between slices and predicts the transformation of one slice using information from other slices. We also estimate the underlying 3D volume to assist slice-to-volume registration and update the volume and transformations alternately to improve accuracy. Results on synthetic data show that our method achieves lower registration error and better reconstruction quality compared with existing state-of-the-art methods. Experiments with real-world MRI data are also performed to demonstrate the ability of the proposed model to improve the quality of 3D reconstruction under severe fetal motion. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Brain

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A Spectral-Spatial Attention Network for Hyperspectral Unmixing

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2025年 63卷

作者： Tao, Xuanwen Koirala, Bikram Rasti, Behnood Plaza, Antonio Scheunders, Paul University of Antwerp Imec-VisionLab Department of Physics Belgium Technische Universität Berlin Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Berlin 10587 Germany University of Extremadura Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory Department of Technology of Computers and Communications Cáceres 10071 Spain

Hyperspectral unmixing, an essential and fundamental task in remote sensing, focuses on estimating endmembers (spectrally pure components) and their fractional abundances within each mixed pixel of a hyperspectral image. With the advent of deep learning (DL), the field of hyperspectral unmixing has made significant progress. Among DL approaches, autoencoder-based models have shown promising results. However, most unmixing methods estimate the endmembers by the weights of the linear layers in the decoder of their networks, making their performance highly dependent on weight initialization. Moreover, noise is not explicitly accounted for in most recent methods that use spectral angle distance (SAD) loss. To avoid the initialization problems, we developed an innovative inversion strategy to directly estimate the endmembers. Moreover, to optimally account for noise, an end-to-end network is proposed that integrates both denoising and unmixing. Finally, for an improved feature extraction, a novel spectral-spatial attention module is integrated in the network. Extensive experiments on a synthetic and three real datasets show that the proposed method significantly and consistently outperforms the compared state-of-the-art methods. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： attention module autoencoder autonomous unmixing module deep denoising module Hyperspectral unmixing

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