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Experimental study on capillarity and thermal of metal foam as the wick structure in heat pipe application

AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2865卷

作者： Syahrul Humaidi Doli Bonardo Dahniar Hasibuan Perdamean Sebayang Achmad Maulana Soehada Post Graduate Program (Physics) FMIPA Universitas Sumatera Utara Jl. Bioteknologi I Kampus USU Medan 20155 Indonesia Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering Study Program Politeknik Tanjungbalai Jl. Sei Raja Sei Tualang Raso Tanjungbalai 21345 Indonesia Research Center for Advanced Materials National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Tangerang Selatan Banten 15314 Indonesia. Department of Physics Universitas Sutomo Serang Banten 42183 Indonesia

Metal foam as a wick structure in heat pipe applications is analyzed in terms of its capillary and thermal properties to determine the perspectives and challenges ahead. The surface coating of metal foam with a hydrophobic layer was analyzed for its effect on the overall capillarity in order to determine the optimal metal foam as a wick structure in the heat pipe. The hydrophobic coating is applied by a simple spray technique to the entire surface of the metal foam with repetition. Metal foam without a hydrophobic layer has stable capillarity properties among other samples, this indicates that the hydrophobic layer can inhibit the ferro fluid flow rate in the metal foam pore network as a whole as a result of the interaction between the metal foam phases and the hydrophobic layer. Metal foam 15 PPI without hydrophobic coating has an even and stable heat distribution, high conductivity and low resistivity which is suitable for application as a wick structure in heat pipes.

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Tensional shear load characterization of pin-less friction stir spot welding on aluminium 1100-H12 based on varied parameters

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3115卷

作者： Armansyah C. Bambang Dwi Kuncoro Rahmat Wiguna Randy Firmansyah Ridwan Bambang Rianto Mechanical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jl. Rs. Fatmawati Pondok Labu Jakarta Selatan DKI Jakarta 12450 Indonesia Department of Refrigeration Air Conditioning and Energy Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology No. 57 Sec. 2 Zhongshan Rd. Taiping Dist. Taichung 41170 Taiwan (R.O.C.) PT Tri Jaya Teknik Jalan Alternatif Jl. Krajan II Warungbambu Karawang Timur Karawang Jawa Barat 41371 Indonesia

In this study, Aluminium 1100-H12 with 1 mm thick was welded using pin-less friction stir spot welding (PFSSW) and then tested via tensional shear test to determine the tensile shear load (TSL) characteristics of its welds. The results obtained revealed that the tensile shear load of the welds was influenced by the parameter variations among revolving speed, depth of tool, and residence time. The clout of 1400 rpm revolving speed showed good properties with the highest value of TSL about 53 MPa at a depth of tool of 0.4 mm and at 9s of residence time. The middle value of TSL was confirmed at about 35 MPa through 990 rpm of revolving speed, 0.3 mm depth of tool, and 5s of residence time. Furthermore, the lowest property of TSL was found at 775 rpm of revolving speed, at 0.2 mm depth of tool, and at 9s of residence time. The results showed the influence of the depth of the tool has significant clout on the tensile shear load, especially at 0.4 mm for each set of revolving speed and residence time. Each set of dwell time to the variation of parameters has no significant clout on the tensile shear load. Good tensile shear loads can be achieved in the range of 45-53 MPa at a depth of tool of 0.4 mm and a revolving speed of 1400 rpm, where the best is 53 MPa at a residence time of 9 seconds.

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First and second law analyses of wastewater cooled condenser for a refrigeration system

First and second law analyses of wastewater cooled condenser...

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作者： Karacayli, Ibrahim Altay, Lutfiye Hepbasli, Arif Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Technology Program Ege High Vocational School Ege University Bornova Izmir35100 Turkey Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Bornova Izmir35100 Turkey Department of Energy Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Yaşar University Bornova Izmir35100 Turkey

In this study, a vapour compression refrigeration (VCR) system with a wastewater (WW) cooled condenser at a temperature range of 27-29°C was designed. The cooling capacity of the system using R134a as the refrigerant was 1.09 kW. The condenser consisted of a coaxial heat exchanger with a capacity of 1 kW. This paper dealt with energy and exergy analyses of the VCR system using WW, as a heat sink. Experiments were performed in order to evaluate the energetic and exergetic performances of the wastewater-cooled condenser (WWC) and the overall system. The convective heat transfer coefficient of WW and refrigerant in the condenser, overall heat transfer coefficient of the WWC, total amount of heat removed by WW, amount of cooling effect, coefficient of performance (COP), exergy destruction rate, and second law efficiencies of the WWC and VCR system were calculated under different WW temperatures and flowrates. Increasing volumetric flowrate of WW from 200 L/h to 400 L/h caused 4.4% improvement in COP, 12.0% reduction in exergy destruction, and 10.3% increase in exergy efficiency. © 2019 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Exergy

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Thermo-economic and environmental evaluation of thin film evaporation using novel metal-organic frameworks to enhance solar desalination performance

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Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2025年 199卷

作者： Sharshir, Swellam W. Abdo, Mohamed R. Yusuf, Kareem El-Naggar, Ahmed A. Joseph, Abanob Ismail, M. Elsaid, Ashraf Mimi El-Samadony, M.O.A. Abdelfatah, Mahmoud El-Shaer, Abdelhamid Yuan, Zhanhui College of Materials Engineering Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002 China Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt Department of Physics and Engineering Mathematics Faculty of Engineering University of Kafrelsheikh Kafrelsheikh Egypt Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia Physics Department Faculty of Science Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt Nano Science and Technology Program Faculty of Science Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Suez University SuezP.O. Box 43221 Egypt Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technology Department Faculty of Technology and Education Helwan University CairoP.O. Box 11282 Egypt Mechanical Power Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Tanta University Tanta City Egypt

The growing shortage of freshwater resources has spurred the development of innovative and sustainable desalination technologies. This study presents a thermo-economic analysis of an innovative hemispherical solar still (HSS) enhanced with a novel Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), specifically Iron-Aluminum Benzene Tricarboxylate. The MOF was characterized through structural, morphological, and optical investigations and integrated into the HSS using two enhancement methods: (I) as a nanofluid (MOF-NF) at a 1 wt% concentration in the feedwater, and (II) as a heat localization material (MOF-HL) by dispersing it on a black cotton wick that spans the basin surface. An external condenser (EC) was added to further enhance condensation in a subsequent configuration. Three identical HSS systems were used for comparative performance evaluation: a baseline unit (CHSS) and two modified systems, one with a condenser and one without. The results indicated that both MOF-based approaches significantly improved the thermal performance and freshwater yield of the HSS. Notably, the MOF-HL configuration outperformed the MOF-NF configuration across all performance metrics. The configuration designated as MOF-HL-EC achieved the highest rate of freshwater production, with a 96.16 % increase in distillate productivity compared to the CHSS. Additionally, this configuration exhibited exergy and energy efficiencies of 3.18 % and 61.1 %, respectively—improvements of 80.85 % and 95.72 % over the traditional system. Economically, the MOF-HL-EC configuration reduced the production cost of distilled water to 0.0115$ per liter, marking a reduction of 25.29 %. © 2025 The Institution of Chemical Engineers

关键词： Iron analysis

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Experimental investigation on liquid film asymmetry in air-water horizontal annular flow

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2016年第1期1737卷

作者： Andriyanto Setyawan Deendarlianto Indarto Fredrick Neo 1Graduate Program Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gadjah Mada University Jalan Grafika No. 2 Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia 3Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung 40123 Indonesia 2Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gadjah Mada University Jalan Grafika No. 2 Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

The asymmetry of circumferential liquid film thickness distribution in an air-water horizontal annular flow has been experimentally investigated using superficial gas and liquid velocity of 10 – 40 m/s and 0.025 to 0.4 m/s, respectively. In general, the film at the bottom of the pipe will be thicker than that of the side and the top. The asymmetry parameter could be expressed in the ratio of average film thickness to the bottom film thickness or the ratio of the top-to-bottom film thickness. Measurement using compact multiple probe instrument shows that the circumferential film thickness distribution is strongly affected by superficial gas velocity. The higher gas velocity results in the more uniform liquid film circumferential distribution. In comparison to the existing correlations, the asymmetry parameter resulted from the experiment shows a good agreement. It is also shown from the experiment that a less symmetry of film thickness distribution is resulted when the gravity force is dominant. A more symmetry distribution is resulted when the inertial force takes control.

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Change in heating energy requirements for various interior space temperatures: A case study of Karabuk

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Energy Education Science and Technology Part A: Energy Science and Research 2013年第4期31卷 1983-1990页

作者： Erturk, Mustafa Alevay Kocyigit, G. Cay, Yusuf Coskun, Can Oktay, Zuhal Balikesir University Vocational College Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Program Balikesir Turkey Balikesir University Institute of Graduate Studies in Science Mechanical Engineering Balikesir Turkey Karabuk University Mechanical Engineering Karabuk Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Energy Systems Engineering Rize Turkey

In this study, the effect of indoor temperature for heating on reduction of heating load in Karabuk province was studied for various cases. The potential heating degree-hour values for Karabuk are utilized by using average outdoor temperature distribution of the city. Heating degree-hour values of Karabuk province were estimated according to eleven different indoor reference temperatures (18-28°C). The average outdoor temperature distributions of Karabuk are calculated by utilizing the set of the past 32 years obtained from Turkish State Meteorological Services. The results show that heating loads heating load can be decreased by 47.5% and 4.9% for 18 °C and 28 °C indoor design temperatures, respectively. It is considered that these new method is very useful tools for governments to identify the cities with significant potentials for the reduction of the heating loads. © Sila Science.

关键词： Temperature distribution

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PRESIDENT'S PAGE

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Naval Engineers Journal 2009年第6期109卷

作者： Joseph F. Yurso President Joseph F. Yurso:is currently director of technical development for Q.E.D. Systems Inc. He received a Bachelors of Science in mechanical engineering from The Pennsylvania State University and an Masters of Science in mechanical engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He also completed a special management program at Carnegie Mellon University. Prior to entering the Navy as an engineering duty officer Mr. Yurso was a refrigeration and air conditioning engineer for the Bureau of Ships. His Navy experience includes engineer officer of a combatant ship submarine type desk quality assurance officer and production officer in naval shipyards and planning officer quality assurance officer and deputy supervisor in Supervisor of Shipbuilding offices. His two command tours were as Supervisor of Shipbuilding Groton Connecticut (1980-81) and Shipyard Commander Portsmouth Naval Shipyard Kittery Maine (1981-84). He was awarded the Legion of Merit for both of these tours. Mr. Yurso has been a member of ASNE since 1964. He is a life member and a sustaining member of the Society. He has been active in several Sections including Charleston Northern and Southern New England and Tidewater. He is a former chairman of the Tidewater Section and was the chairman of the ASNE Fleet Maintenance Symposium in 1991. He served as Council vice president from 1993 to 1996 and as a member of Council for six years. He was a contributing author to the Society's first edition of Naval Engineering and American Sea Power. In 1993 he was awarded the Frank G. Law Award for his dedication and longtime service to the Society. Mr. Yurso maintains memberships in other societies including the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Sigma Xi the American Society for Quality Control Naval Institute and Tidewater Association of Service Contractors. He has held registered professional engineer status in two states and is listed inWho's Who in Science and Engineering.

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Navy's CFC & Halon elimination program

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2000年第1期112卷 91-112页

作者： Toms, GS Breslin, DA Brunner, GP Thill, JC Gregory S. Toms RE:is the CFC & Halon Elimination Program Manager for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). He received a master of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Maryland and a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from West Virginia University. From 1984 to 1997 he was employed at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Annapolis Detachment (formerly David Taylor Research Center) where he worked on the development of advanced centrifugal compressor air conditioning plants for shipboard applications. He received the Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award in 1998 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in recognition of his exceptional leadership and technical achievements in eliminating ozone-depleting substances from Navy ships. He is licensed as a registered Professional Engineer in the state of Texas. David A. Breslin P.E.:is the Director of Technical Operations for the Naval Surface Warfare Center and is the Chairperson of the ASNE Committee on Environmental Engineering. He received a master of science in aerospace engineering from Virginia Tech in 1991 a master of engineering administration in industrial & systems engineering from Virginia Tech in 1991 and a bachelor of engineering in mechanical engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology in 1985. From 1993 to 1997 he was the program manager of the Naval Sea Systems Command's CFC & Halon Elimination Program. Because of his many efforts he received a Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award in 1995 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in recognition of “exceptional contributions to global environmental protection”. Gregory P. Brunner:was employed by the Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center and Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) from 1983 until 1997. From 1993 to 1997 he served as the R&D program manager for the NAVSEA CFC & Halon Elimination Program Office. Program efforts resulted in the development of new refrigerants for backfit into existing shipboard air-conditioning

The domestic production of the most powerful Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODSs) has permanently ceased and the abundant supplies of a number of inexpensive refrigerants, fire-fighting agents, and solvents, once taken for granted, are now a thing of the past. The Navy's original strategy of conserving ODSs, converting systems and processes where feasible, relying on strategic reserves where necessary, and developing "ozone-friendly" equip ment for new-design surface ships and submarines is succeeding. The purpose of this paper is to document the Navy's efforts to date relative to combating the threat to uninterrupted Fleet operations posed by the cessation of ODS production. Specifically, this paper addresses the Navy's shipboard conversion programs for air-conditioning and refrigeration (AC&R) systems, the development of next-generation AC&R systems, the selection of halon substitutes for new-construction fire-fighting systems, and the Navy's alternative to CFC-113 in the cleaning of critical oxygen systems.

关键词： conversion program Ozone depleting substances trichlorotrifluoroethane GRANTS fire fighting strategic reserves Solvents oxygen systems Submarine Halons

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Development and integration of an equation-solving program for engineering thermodynamics courses

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Computer Applications in engineering Education 1993年第3期1卷 265-265页

作者： Klein, S.A. Mechanical Engineering Department University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706 Dr. S. A. Klein:is a professor of Mechanical Engineering at University of Wisconsin-Madison. His engineering degrees (BS University of Illinois-Chicago MS PhD University of Wisconsin-Madison) were obtained in Chemical Engineering. Professor Klein is a member of the Solar Energy Laboratory at Wisconsin. He is the developer of the F-Chart method for sizing solar heating systems and the TRNSYS simulation program which is widely used in simulations of solar processes. Currently Professor Klein is involved in research on solar energy system performance absorption power cycles finite-time thermodynamics applications adsorption processes for air conditioning and air quality control and alternative refrigerants and systems for refrigeration and air conditioning applications. Professor Klein is also involved in the development of engineering computer tools for both instruction and research. In addition to the EES program described in this paper he is the primary author of the thermodynamics instructional program CP/Thermo and the finite element program FEHT.

Thermodynamics problems can be separated into conceptual and mathematical parts. The conceptual part consists of the problem formulation and analysis. The mathematical part seeks to obtain an answer to a problem by solving the equations identified in the analysis. The mathematical part can be complex and time-consuming and often directs the students' focus away from the concepts. An equation solving program called engineering Equation Solver (EES) was developed to reduce the time and effort required by students to solve the mathematical part of thermodynamics problems. EES differs from existing equation solving programs in that it is designed for use by students and it includes an extensive library of built-in functions for thermodynamic and transport properties of fluids. Thermodynamic and transport property data needed for solving engineering problems (eg, steam tables, refrigerant properties, psychrometric and combustion gas data) are built into the program. By eliminating table lookups and algebra, EES allows students to concentrate on engineering fundamentals, as well as to do more complex design problems.

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Navy's chlorofluorocarbon/Halon program

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Naval Engineers Journal 1991年第3期103卷 107-117页

作者： Krinsky, Joel L. Noel, William Joel L. Krinskyholds a B.S. degree from the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy (1960) and an M.B.A. from the American University (1966). He is currently the director of The HVAC Submarine Life Support Division within NavSea. He formerly served as the deputy director of the Auxiliaries Division and head of the Air Compressor/Forced Draft Blowers and Valves and Piping Branches within the Auxiliaries Division. He has thirty years experience in the marine engineering and computer fields. He sailed for two years in the merchant marine and then began his career in the Bureau of Ships in 1962 as a project engineer in the Boiler and Heat Exchanger Branch. Mr. Krinsky then served as the systems acquisition manager for navigation systems on attack submarines and aircraft carriers. Mr. Krinsky entered private industry with IBM in 1967 spent eight years in the computer industry serving in various capacities and returned to NavSea in 1975. He served in the U.S. Navy Reserve from 1961 to 1967 and is a member of ASE ASNE and ASTM. Mr. Krinsky currently chairs the ASTM subcommittee for shipboard HVAC (F25.11.07) and is writing the heating ventilation air conditioning and refrigeration chapter of the revised SNAME text on Marine Engineering. William Noelgraduated from Drexel University in 1984 with a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering. He worked at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station in Philadelphia in the Air Compressor Branch where he directed improvements to compressed air ship silencing systems. In 1985 he was hired at the Naval Sea Systems Command and spent two years working in the Auxiliary Machinery Division where he was life cycle manager for various air compressors and compressed air system components. In 1989 he earned an M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Maryland specializing in multi-phase fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena. Since 1987 Mr. Noel has been the project engineer charged with developing replacement refrigerants and fire fighting agents in executing the Navy CFC/

The Naval Sea Systems Command is executing a three-phase program to ensure compliance with national regulations, DoD policy, and Navy instructions mandating the phase-out of CFC and Halon use by the Navy. The Navy uses significant quantities of CFCs and Halon as solvents, refrigerants, and fire-fighting agents both in military operations and through specifications and contracts for weapons and support equipment. Phase one of the program plan will be to conserve chemicals through reclaiming and recycling, and by establishing and maintaining a chemical inventory of CFCs and Halons. Phase two will research, develop, and test substitute chemicals and alternative technologies for existing CFC uses. This research will be pursued through Navy and government laboratories, cooperation with chemical and equipment manufacturers, and by participation in government/industry consortiums. Finally, phase three will deploy the replacement chemicals and new technologies into the fleet, and institutionalize the conservation measures developed in phase one. This paper discusses in detail the three phases of the Navy program, and relates the Navy effort to DoD policy, the Montreal Protocol, and Congressional legislation. Unique Navy concerns, research initiatives, and vintaging scenarios for existing equipment are presented.

关键词： Freons

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