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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第5期68卷 1536-1540页

作者： Hao Xu Shibo Zhou Zefeng Zhu Vincenzo Vitelli Liangyi Chen Ziwei Dai Ning Yang Luhua Lai Shengyong Yang Sergey Ovchinnikov Zhuoran Qiao Sirui Liu Chen Song Jianfeng Pei Han Wen Jianfeng Feng Yaoyao Zhang Zhengwei Xie Yang-Yu Liu Zhiyuan Li Fulai Jin Hao Li Mohammad Lotfollahi Xuegong Zhang Ge Yang Shihua Zhang Ge Gao Pulin Li Qi Liu Jing-Dong Jackie Han Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences (CLS) Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking University Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB) Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking University Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking University Department of Physics University of Chicago School of Life Sciences Southern University of Science and Technology Peking University Chengdu Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Biotechnologies College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lambic Therapeutics Inc. Changping Laboratory Al for Science Institute Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University HospitalSichuan University Peking University International Cancer Institute and Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Institute and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs Department of Molecular and Cellular PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterPeking University Channing Division of Network Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Center for Artificial Intelligence and Modeling the Carl R.Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences School of Medicine and Department of Computer and Data Sciences and Department of Population and Quantitative Health SciencesCase Western Reserve University Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of California Sanger Institute Department of Automation Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems I

The development of artificial intelligence(AI) and the mining of biomedical data complement each other. From the direct use of computer vision results to analyze medical images for disease screening, to now integrating biological knowledge into models and even accelerating the development of new AI based on biological discoveries, the boundaries of both are constantly expanding, and their connections are becoming closer.

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Spreading dynamics of information on online social networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Meng, Fanhui Xie, Jiarong Sun, Jiachen Xu, Cong Zeng, Yutian Wang, Xiangrong Jia, Tao Huang, Shuhong Deng, Youjin Hu, Yanqing School of Systems Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510275 China Center for Computational Communication Research Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China School of Journalism and Communication Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510006 China Department of Statistics and Data Science College of Science Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China College of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal University Chongqing401331 China College of Computer and Information Science Southwest University Chongqing400715 China Institute of Neuroscience Technical University of Munich Munich80802 Germany Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China MinJiang Collaborative Center for Theoretical Physics College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Minjiang University Fuzhou350108 China Center for Complex Flows and Soft Matter Research Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Social media is profoundly changing our society with its unprecedented spreading power. Due to the complexity of human behaviors and the diversity of massive messages, the information spreading dynamics are complicated, and the reported mechanisms are different and even controversial. Based on data from mainstream social media platforms, including WeChat, Weibo, and Twitter, cumulatively encompassing a total of 7.45 billion users, we uncover a ubiquitous mechanism that the information spreading dynamics are basically driven by the interplay of social reinforcement and social weakening effects. Accordingly, we propose a concise equation, which, surprisingly, can well describe all the empirical large-scale spreading trajectories. Our theory resolves a number of controversial claims and satisfactorily explains many phenomena previously observed. It also reveals that the highly clustered nature of social networks can lead to rapid and high-frequency information bursts with relatively small coverage per burst. This vital feature enables social media to have a high capacity and diversity for information dissemination, beneficial for its ecological development. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Tweets

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Role of intrinsic dipole on photocatalytic water splitting for Janus MoSSe/nitrides heterostructure:A first-principles study

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2019年第3期29卷 335-340页

作者： Wenjin Yin Bo Wen Qingxia Ge Daifeng Zou Ying Xu Mingwei Liu Xiaolin Wei Mingyang Chen Xiaoli Fan School of Physics and Electronic Science Hunan University of Science and Technology Beijing Computational Science Research Center Department of Physics and Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology Xiangtan University School of Material Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Solidification ProcessingNorthwestern Polytechnic University

Searching for visible-infrared solar utilization for photocatalytic water splitting is highly desirable,since most of solar energy is distributed the visible-infrared ***,it is difficult for a pure system to satisfy both band gap and band edge conditions for water splitting in visible-infrared ***,heterostructure consisting of Janus MoSSe and nitrides XN (X=Al,Ga) is proposed,and the structural and electronic properties are systematically studied by the firstprinciples *** shows that the AA-stacking heterostructure is more stable than other *** calculated electronic property shows that MoSSe/AIN heterostructures have indirect band gaps in the range of 1.00eV-1.68eV,while MoSSe/GaN heterostructures are always direct semiconductors with band gaps of0.8 eV-1.51 ***,despite the band gaps of MoSSe/XN heterostructures being smaller than 1.23 eV,the band edge positions are always suitable for water splitting,suggesting good activity of these heterostructures in visible-infrared *** special behavior mainly originates from the intrinsic dipole with the electrons of VBM and CBM distributed on two opposite layers,producing an electrostatic potential difference between the *** electrostatic potential difference,acting as an auxiliary booster for photoinduced carriers,can effectively reduce the band gap required for water splitting in visible-infrared *** addition,the band edge position can be further adjusted by strains,leading to higher reactivity for water *** findings strongly suggest that this novel Janus MoSSe/XN heterostructure can offer exciting opportunities for designing visible-infrared photocatalysis for water splitting.

关键词： Se Mo Role of intrinsic dipole on photocatalytic water splitting for Janus MoSSe/nitrides heterostructure:A first-principles study

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Probing globular cluster with MeerKAT and FAST: A pulsar polarization census

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Science Bulletin 2025年

作者： Zhang, Lei Abbate, Federico Li, Di Possenti, Andrea Bailes, Matthew Ridolfi, Alessandro Freire, Paulo C.C. Ransom, Scott M. Zhang, Yong-Kun Guo, Meng Ni, Meng-Meng Hu, Jia-Le Feng, Yi Wang, Pei Zhang, Jie Zhi, Qi-Jun National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology VIC3122 Australia INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari Via della Scienza 5 SelargiusI-09047 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University Beijing100190 China Swinburne University of Technology VIC3122 Australia Faculty of Physics University of Bielefeld Bielefeld33501 Germany National Radio Astronomy Observatory Charlottesville22903 United States National Supercomputing Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology Jinan250103 China Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology Jinan250103 China Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311100 China Institute for Astronomy School of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Qilu Normal University Jinan250200 China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal University Guiyang550001 China

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Energy loss of an energetic Ga ion in hot Au plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2016年第5期1卷 257-263页

作者： Bin He Xujun Meng Jianguo Wang Data Center for High Energy Density Physics Research Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing 100088PR China

Self-consistent calculations of energy loss for a Ga ion moving in hot Au plasmas are made under the assumption of wide ranges of the projectile energy and the plasma temperature with all important mechanisms considered in *** relevant results are found to be quite different from those of an a particle or a *** important reason for this is the rapid increasing of the charge state of a Ga ion at plasma *** reason also leads to the inelastic stopping which does not always decrease with the increase of plasma temperature,unlike the case of an a *** nuclear stopping becomes very important at high enough plasma temperature due to the heavy reduced mass of a Ga and an Au ion and the above-mentioned *** well-known binary collision model[***.126(1962)1]and its revised one[***.A 29(1984)2145]are not working or unsatisfactory in this case.

关键词： Energy loss Hot Au plasma Ga ion

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Toward exponentially-convergent simulations of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals: A time-domain solver for the scalar Teukolsky equation with singular source terms

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Physical Review D 2024年第10期110卷 104009页

作者： Manas Vishal Scott E. Field Katie Rink Sigal Gottlieb Gaurav Khanna Department of Mathematics Center for Scientific Computing and Data Science Research Department of Physics Center for Gravitational Physics Department of Physics and Center for Computational Research

Gravitational wave signals from extreme mass ratio inspirals are a key target for upcoming, space-based gravitational wave detectors. These systems are typically modeled as a distributionally forced Teukolsky equation, where the smaller black hole is treated as a Dirac delta distribution (i.e., a point-particle). Time-domain solvers often use regularization approaches that approximate the Dirac distribution. Unfortunately, such approaches often introduce small length scales (e.g., when the approximation is by a narrow Gaussian) and are a source of systematic error, especially near the smaller black hole. We describe a multidomain discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for solving the distributionally forced s=0 Teukolsky equation that describes scalar fields evolving on a Kerr spacetime. To handle the Dirac delta, we expand the solution in spherical harmonics and recast the sourced Teukolsky equation as a first-order, one-dimensional symmetric hyperbolic system. This allows us to derive the method’s numerical flux to correctly account for the Dirac delta. As a result, our method achieves global spectral accuracy even at the source’s location. To connect the near field to future null infinity, we use the hyperboloidal layer method, allowing us to supply trivial outer boundary conditions and providing direct access to the far-field waveform. We document several numerical experiments where we test our method, including convergence tests against exact solutions, energy luminosities for circular orbits, the scheme’s superconvergence properties at future null infinity, and the late-time tail behavior of the scalar field. We also compare two systems that arise from different choices of the first-order reduction variables, finding that certain reasonable choices are numerically problematic in practice. The methods developed here may be beneficial when computing gravitational self-force effects, where the regularization procedure has been developed for the spherical harmonic mod

关键词： General relativity Numerical relativity Numerical simulations in gravitation & astrophysics

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Direct neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data

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Science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6743期388卷 180-185页

作者： Max Aker Dominic Batzler Armen Beglarian Jan Behrens Justus Beisenkötter Matteo Biassoni Benedikt Bieringer Yanina Biondi Fabian Block Steffen Bobien Matthias Böttcher Beate Bornschein Lutz Bornschein Tom S Caldwell Marco Carminati Auttakit Chatrabhuti Suren Chilingaryan Byron A Daniel Karol Debowski Martin Descher Deseada Díaz Barrero Peter J Doe Otokar Dragoun Guido Drexlin Frank Edzards Klaus Eitel Enrico Ellinger Ralph Engel Sanshiro Enomoto Arne Felden Caroline Fengler Carlo Fiorini Joseph A Formaggio Christian Forstner Florian M Fränkle Kevin Gauda Andrew S Gavin Woosik Gil Ferenc Glück Steffen Grohmann Robin Grössle Rainer Gumbsheimer Nathanael Gutknecht Volker Hannen Leonard Hasselmann Norman Haußmann Klaus Helbing Hanna Henke Svenja Heyns Stephanie Hickford Roman Hiller David Hillesheimer Dominic Hinz Thomas Höhn Anton Huber Alexander Jansen Christian Karl Jonas Kellerer Khanchai Khosonthongkee Matthias Kleifges Manuel Klein Joshua Kohpeiß Christoph Köhler Leonard Köllenberger Andreas Kopmann Neven Kovač Alojz Kovalík Holger Krause Luisa La Cascio Thierry Lasserre Joscha Lauer Thanh-Long Le Ondřej Lebeda Bjoern Lehnert Gen Li Alexey Lokhov Moritz Machatschek Martin Mark Alexander Marsteller Eric L Martin Christin Melzer Susanne Mertens Shailaja Mohanty Jalal Mostafa Klaus Müller Andrea Nava Holger Neumann Simon Niemes Anthony Onillon Diana S Parno Maura Pavan Udomsilp Pinsook Alan W P Poon Jose Manuel Lopez Poyato Stefano Pozzi Florian Priester Jan Ráliš Shivani Ramachandran R G Hamish Robertson Caroline Rodenbeck Marco Röllig Carsten Röttele Milos Ryšavý Rudolf Sack Alejandro Saenz Richard Salomon Peter Schäfer Magnus Schlösser Klaus Schlösser Lisa Schlüter Sonja Schneidewind Ulrich Schnurr Michael Schrank Jannis Schürmann Ann-Kathrin Schütz Alessandro Schwemmer Adrian Schwenck Michal Šefčík Daniel Siegmann Frank Simon Felix Spanier Daniela Spreng Warintorn Sreethawong Markus Steidl Jaroslav Štorek Xaver Stribl Michael Sturm Narumon Suwonjandee Nicholas Tan Jerome Helmut H Telle Larisa A Thorne Thomas T Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany. Institute for Data Processing and Electronics (IPE) KIT Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany. Institute for Nuclear Physics University of Münster Münster Germany. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca Milano Italy. Institute for Technical Physics (ITEP) KIT Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany. Department of Physics and Astronomy University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA. Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory Durham NC USA. Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Milano Italy. INFN-Sezione di Milano Milano Italy. Department of Physics Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand. Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA. Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Wuppertal Wuppertal Germany. Institute of Experimental Particle Physics (ETP) KIT Karlsruhe Germany. Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics University of Washington Seattle WA USA. Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle WA USA. Nuclear Physics Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic. Technical University of Munich TUM School of Natural Sciences Physics Department Garching Germany. Max Planck Institute for Physics Garching Germany. Laboratory for Nuclear Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA. Institute for Technical Thermodynamics and Refrigeration KIT Karlsruhe Germany. School of Physics and Center of Excellence in High Energy Physics and Astrophysics Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand. IRFU (DPhP and APC) CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette France. Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA. Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Heidelberg Germany. Dipartimento di Fisica Un

That neutrinos carry a nonvanishing rest mass is evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles. Their absolute mass holds relevance in fields from particle physics to cosmology. We report on the search for the effective electron antineutrino mass with the KATRIN experiment. KATRIN performs precision spectroscopy of the tritium β-decay close to the kinematic endpoint. On the basis of the first five measurement campaigns, we derived a best-fit value of [Formula: see text] eV, resulting in an upper limit of < 0.45 eV at 90% confidence level. Stemming from 36 million electrons collected in 259 measurement days, a substantial reduction of the background level, and improved systematic uncertainties, this result tightens KATRIN's previous bound by a factor of almost two.

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Probing Globular Cluster with MeerKAT and FAST: A Pulsar Polarization Census

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Lei Abbate, Federico Li, Di Possenti, Andrea Bailes, Matthew Ridolfi, Alessandro Freire, Paulo C.C. Ransom, Scott M. Zhang, Yong-Kun Guo, Meng Ni, Meng-Meng Hu, Jia-Le Feng, Yi Wang, Pei Zhang, Jie Zhi, Qi-Jun National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology VIC3122 Australia INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari Via della Scienza 5 SelargiusI-09047 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University Beijing100190 China Swinburne University of Technology VIC3122 Australia Faculty of Physics University of Bielefeld Bielefeld33501 Germany National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Road Charlottesville22903 United States National Supercomputing Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology Jinan250103 China Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology 28666 East Jingshi Road Jinan250103 China Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311100 China Institute for Astronomy School of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Qilu Normal University Jinan250200 China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal University Guiyang550001 China

Only one globular cluster (GC), 47 Tuc, has been found to containintracluster medium, with an electron density 100 times higher than that of theISM in its vicinity. The characteristics of this intracluster medium areclosely related to GC evolution and the compact objects within. However,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the ionized gas content of GCs,particularly in Galactic halo clusters. We carried out a polarization census ofGC pulsars using MeerKAT and FAST. This first combined effort of observationsfrom these two major radio telescopes resulted in high signal-to-noise ratio,full polarization pulse profiles for 43 pulsars in 8 GCs, doubling the numberof rotation measures (RMs) known in these clusters. The accuracy of dispersionmeasures (DMs) was improved by a factor of 8 compared to previous *** intracluster medium was found, and at least two halo GCs showed morestringent upper limits on electron density than that detected in 47 Tuc. Thesurprising barrenness of GCs suggests effective gas removal mechanisms, such asstrong winds from millisecond pulsars and/or ionizing radiation from post-AGBstars and young white dwarfs. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： White dwarfs

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An Information-Theoretic Framework for Optimal Experimental Design in Magnetic Nanoparticle Hyperthermia

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Nandyala, Mahesh Lanham, Andrew Jha, Prashant K. Wu, Chengyue Hazle, John D. Yankeelov, Thomas E. Stafford, R. Jason El-Gendy, Ahmed A. Fuentes, David Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Imaging Physics The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTX77030 United States Applied Research Laboratories The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78758 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid CitySD57701 United States Department of Breast Imaging The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTX77030 United States Department of Biostatistics The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTX77030 United States The Institute for Data Science in Oncology The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTX77030 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Diagnostic Medicine The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Oncology The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Livestrong Cancer Institutes The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics University of Texas at El Paso El PasoTX79968 United States

Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia is an emerging cancer therapy that utilizes magnetic nanoparticles subjected to alternating magnetic fields to generate localized heating and selectively target tumor tissues. Despite its potential, clinical implementation faces significant challenges due to uncertainties in the thermophysical properties, nanoparticle distribution, and magnetic particle parameters, which can compromise the precision and efficacy of the treatment. This article introduces an information-theoretic framework for optimal experimental design in magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia to address these challenges. By accounting for uncertainties in key parameters, such as tissue thermal conductivity, blood perfusion rate, and nanoparticle anisotropy constant, the framework maximizes mutual information between the observed data and model parameters, enhancing the accuracy of parameter estimation. A surrogate 1D model is employed to reduce computational complexity, allowing the identification of optimal magnetic field amplitudes across diverse initial conditions and scenarios, including single and multiple uncertain parameters. The results highlight the robustness of the optimization approach, demonstrating consistent convergence to a stable solution that is expected to enable precise temperature measurement and effective parameter recovery. This study underscores the potential for mutual information-based optimization to advance the planning of magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia treatment and provides a foundation for future experimental and clinical applications. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hyperthermia therapy

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Dynamics and evolution of stochastic bistable gene networks with sensing in fluctuating environments

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Physical Review E 2008年第6期78卷 061902-061902页

作者： Andre S. Ribeiro []Computational Systems Biology Research Group Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Finland and Center for Computational Physics University of Coimbra P-3004-516 Coimbra Portugal

We study how cells can optimize fitness in variable environments by tuning the internal fluctuations of protein expression of a bistable genetic switch. We model cells as bistable toggle switches whose dynamics are governed by a delayed stochastic simulation algorithm. Each state of the toggle switch makes the cell more fit in one of two environmental conditions. Different noise levels in protein expression yield different fitness values for cells in an environment that randomly switches between the two conditions. We compare the behavior of two cell types, one that can sense the environmental condition and one that cannot. In fast changing environments both cell types evolve to be as noisy as possible while maintaining bistability of the toggle switch. In slowly changing environments, evolved nonsensing cells are less noisy while sensing cells evolve the same noise level as in fast changing environments. Sensing removes the need of genotypic changes to adapt to changes in the environment fluctuation rate, providing an evolutionary advantage in unpredictable environments.

关键词： Cells

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