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Network and Systems Medicine 2021年第1期4卷 2-50页

作者： Zanin, Massimiliano Aitya, Nadim A.A. Basilio, José Baumbach, Jan Benis, Arriel Behera, Chandan K. Bucholc, Magda Castiglione, Filippo Chouvarda, Ioanna Comte, Blandine Dao, Tien-Tuan Ding, Xuemei Pujos-Guillot, Estelle Filipovic, Nenad Finn, David P. Glass, David H. Harel, Nissim Iesmantas, Tomas Ivanoska, Ilinka Joshi, Alok Boudjeltia, Karim Zouaoui Kaoui, Badr Kaur, Daman Maguire, Liam P. McClean, Paula L. McCombe, Niamh De Miranda, João Luís Moisescu, Mihnea Alexandru Pappalardo, Francesco Polster, Annikka Prasad, Girijesh Rozman, Damjana Sacala, Ioan Sanchez-Bornot, Jose M. Schmid, Johannes A. Sharp, Trevor Solé-Casals, Jordi Spiwok, Vojtěch Spyrou, George M. Stalidzans, Egils Stres, Blaa Sustersic, Tijana Symeonidis, Ioannis Tieri, Paolo Todd, Stephen Van Steen, Kristel Veneva, Milena Wang, Da-Hui Wang, Haiying Wang, Hui Watterson, Steven Wong-Lin, Kongfatt Yang, Su Zou, Xin Schmidt, Harald H.H.W. Centro de Tecnología Biomédica Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Intelligent Systems Research Centre School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom Center for Physiology and Pharmacology Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising Germany Holon Israel CNR National Research Council IAC Institute for Applied Computing Rome Italy Lab of Computing Medical Informatics and Biomedical Imaging Technologies School of Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Université Clermont Auvergne INRAE UNH Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme MetaboHUB Clermont Clermont-Ferrand France Université de Technologie de Compiègne Compiègne France Labex MS2T Control of Technological Systems-of-Systems CNRS and Université de Technologie de Compiègne Compiègne France Faculty of Engineering University of Kragujevac Kragujevac Serbia Kragujevac Serbia Steinbeis Advanced Risk Technologies Institute Doo Kragujevac Kragujevac Serbia Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of Medicine Galway Neuroscience Centre National University of Ireland Galway Ireland School of Computing Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom Holon Israel Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Kaunas University of Technology Kaunas Lithuania Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ss. Cyril and Methodius University Skopje Macedonia Medicine Faculty Université Libre de Bruxelles CHU de Charleroi Charleroi Belgium Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine Biomedical Sciences Research Institute Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre Portalegre Portugal Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers University Politehnica of B

Background: Systems Medicine is a novel approach to medicine, that is, an interdisciplinary field that considers the human body as a system, composed of multiple parts and of complex relationships at multiple levels, and further integrated into an environment. Exploring Systems Medicine implies understanding and combining concepts coming from diametral different fields, including medicine, biology, statistics, modeling and simulation, and data science. Such heterogeneity leads to semantic issues, which may slow down implementation and fruitful interaction between these highly diverse fields. Methods: In this review, we collect and explain more than100 terms related to Systems Medicine. These include both modeling and data science terms and basic systems medicine terms, along with some synthetic definitions, examples of applications, and lists of relevant references. Results: This glossary aims at being a first aid kit for the Systems Medicine researcher facing an unfamiliar term, where he/she can get a first understanding of them, and, more importantly, examples and references for digging into the topic. © Massimiliano Zanin et al., 2021;Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2021.

关键词： Semantics

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LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts. Mapping the Hot Gas in the Universe

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Remazeilles, M. Douspis, M. Rubiño-Martín, J.A. Banday, A.J. Chluba, J. de Bernardis, P. De Petris, M. Hernández-Monteagudo, C. Luzzi, G. Macias-Perez, J. Masi, S. Namikawa, T. Salvati, L. Tanimura, H. Aizawa, K. Anand, A. Aumont, J. Baccigalupi, C. Ballardini, M. Barreiro, R.B. Bartolo, N. Basak, S. Bersanelli, M. Blinov, D. Bortolami, M. Brinckmann, T. Calabrese, E. Campeti, P. Carinos, E. Carones, A. Casas, F.J. Cheung, K. Clermont, L. Columbro, F. Coppolecchia, A. Cuttaia, F. de Haan, T. de la Hoz, E. Torre, S. Della Diego-Palazuelos, P. D’Alessandro, G. Eriksen, H.K. Finelli, F. Fuskeland, U. Galloni, G. Galloway, M. Gervasi, M. Génova-Santos, R.T. Ghigna, T. Giardiello, S. Gimeno-Amo, C. Gjerløw, E. González, R. González Gruppuso, A. Hazumi, M. Henrot-Versillé, S. Hergt, L.T. Herranz, D. Kohri, K. Komatsu, E. Lamagna, L. Lattanzi, M. Leloup, C. Levrier, F. Lonappan, A.I. López-Caniego, M. Maffei, B. Martínez-González, E. Matarrese, S. Matsumura, T. Micheli, S. Migliaccio, M. Monelli, M. Montier, L. Morgante, G. Nagano, Y. Nagata, R. Novelli, A. Omae, R. Pagano, L. Paoletti, D. Pavlidou, V. Piacentini, F. Pinchera, M. Polenta, G. Porcelli, L. Ritacco, A. Ruiz-Granda, M. Sakurai, Y. Scott, D. Shiraishi, M. Stever, S.L. Sullivan, R.M. Takase, Y. Tassis, K. Terenzi, L. Tomasi, M. Tristram, M. Vacher, L. van Tent, B. Vielva, P. Wehus, I.K. Westbrook, B. Weymann-Despres, G. Wollack, E.J. Zannoni, M. Zhou, Y. Avenida los Castros SN Santander39005 Spain Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale Orsay91405 France Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias La Laguna Canary Islands TenerifeE-38200 Spain Tenerife La LagunaE-38206 Spain IRAP Université de Toulouse CNRS CNES UPS Toulouse France Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Alan Turing Building Department of Physics and Astronomy School of Natural Sciences The University of Manchester Oxford Road ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica Università La Sapienza P. le A. Moro 2 Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Roma P.le A. Moro 2 Roma00185 Italy Space Science Data Center Italian Space Agency via del Politecnico Roma00133 Italy Université Grenoble Alpes CNRS LPSC-IN2P3 53 avenue des Martyrs Grenoble38000 France UTIAS The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan The University of Tokyo Department of Physics Tokyo113-0033 Japan Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Roma Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 Roma00133 Italy Via Bonomea 265 Trieste34136 Italy INFN Sezione di Trieste via Valerio 2 Trieste34127 Italy IFPU Via Beirut 2 Grignano Trieste34151 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra Università di Ferrara Via Saragat 1 Ferrara44122 Italy INFN Sezione di Ferrara Via Saragat 1 Ferrara44122 Italy INAF - OAS Bologna via Piero Gobetti 93/3 Bologna40129 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei" Università degli Studi di Padova via Marzolo 8 PadovaI-35131 Italy INFN Sezione di Padova via Marzolo 8 PadovaI-35131 Italy INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5 PadovaI-35122 Italy School of Physics Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala PO Vithura Kerala Thiruvananthapuram695551 India Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria 16 Milano20133 Italy INFN Sezione di Milano Via Celoria 16 Milano20133 I

We assess the capabilities of the LiteBIRD mission to map the hot gas distribution in the Universe through the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect. Our analysis relies on comprehensive simulations incorporating various sources of Galactic and extragalactic foreground emission, while accounting for the specific instrumental characteristics of the LiteBIRD mission, such as detector sensitivities, frequency-dependent beam convolution, inhomogeneous sky scanning, and 1/f noise. We implement a tailored component-separation pipeline to map the thermal SZ Compton y-parameter over 98 % of the sky. Despite lower angular resolution for galaxy cluster science, LiteBIRD provides full-sky coverage and, compared to the Planck satellite, enhanced sensitivity, as well as more frequency bands to enable the construction of an all-sky thermal SZ y-map, with reduced foreground contamination at large and intermediate angular scales. By combining LiteBIRD and Planck channels in the component-separation pipeline, we also obtain an optimal y-map that leverages the advantages of both experiments, with the higher angular resolution of the Planck channels enabling the recovery of compact clusters beyond the LiteBIRD beam limitations, and the numerous sensitive LiteBIRD channels further mitigating foregrounds. The added value of LiteBIRD is highlighted through the examination of maps, power spectra, and one-point statistics of the various sky components. After component separation, the 1/f noise from LiteBIRD’s intensity channels is effectively mitigated below the level of the thermal SZ signal at all multipoles. Cosmological constraints on S8 = σ8 (Ωm/0.3)0.5 obtained from the LiteBIRD-Planck combined y-map power spectrum exhibits a 15 % reduction in uncertainty compared to constraints derived from Planck alone. This improvement can be attributed to the increased portion of uncontaminated sky available in the LiteBIRD-Planck combined y-map. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved

关键词： Cosmology

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End-to-end symmetry preserving inter-atomic potential energy model for finite and extended systems 32

End-to-end symmetry preserving inter-atomic potential energy...

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32nd Conference on Neural Information processing Systems, NeurIPS 2018

作者： Zhang, Linfeng Han, Jiequn Wang, Han Saidi, Wissam A. Car, Roberto Weinan, E. Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University United States Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics China CAEP Software Center for High Performance Numerical Simulation China Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh United States Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton University United States Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University United States Department of Mathematics Princeton University United States Beijing Institute of Big Data Research China

Machine learning models are changing the paradigm of molecular modeling, which is a fundamental tool for material science, chemistry, and computational biology. Of particular interest is the inter-atomic potential energy surface (PES). Here we develop Deep Potential - Smooth Edition (DeepPot-SE), an end-to-end machine learning-based PES model, which is able to efficiently represent the PES of a wide variety of systems with the accuracy of ab initio quantum mechanics models. By construction, DeepPot-SE is extensive and continuously differentiable, scales linearly with system size, and preserves all the natural symmetries of the system. Further, we show that DeepPot-SE describes finite and extended systems including organic molecules, metals, semiconductors, and insulators with high fidelity. © 2018 Curran Associates Inc..All rights reserved.

关键词： Potential energy

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Discovery of Two-dimensional Hexagonal MBene HfBO and Exploration on its Potential for Lithium-Ion Storage

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第36期135卷

作者： Nanxi Miao Prof. Yutong Gong Huaiyu Zhang Qing Shen Rui Yang Prof. Jianping Zhou Prof. Hideo Hosono Prof. Junjie Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Department Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 P. R. China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Software (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Contribution: Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Validation (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Software (equal) Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Software (equal) Contribution: Investigation (equal) School of Physics & Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) MDX Research Center for Element Strategy Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 226-8503 Japan Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal) Investigation (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Supervision (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead)

The practical applications of two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal borides (MBenes) have been severely hindered by the lack of accessible MBenes because of the difficulties in the selective etching of traditional ternary MAB phases with orthorhombic symmetry ( ort -MAB). Here, we discover a family of ternary hexagonal MAB ( h -MAB) phases and 2D hexagonal MBenes ( h -MBenes) by ab initio predictions and experiments. Calculations suggest that the ternary h -MAB phases are more suitable precursors for MBenes than the ort -MAB phases. Based on the prediction, we report the experimental synthesis of h -MBene HfBO by selective removal of In from h -MAB Hf 2 InB 2 . The synthesized 2D HfBO delivered a specific capacity of 420 mAh g −1 as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries, demonstrating the potential for energy-storage applications. The discovery of this h -MBene HfBO added a new member to the growing family of 2D materials and provided opportunities for a wide range of novel applications.

关键词： DFT Calculations High-Throughput Screening Lithium-Ion Batteries Two-Dimensional Materials h-MBenes

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Machine Learning for Mini-EUSO Telescope data Analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bertaina, Mario Zotov, Mikhail Anzhiganov, Dmitry Barghini, Dario Blaksley, Carl Coretti, Antonio Giulio Kryazhenkov, Aleksandr Montanaro, Antonio Olivi, Leonardo Abe, S. Adams, J.H. Allard, D. Alldredge, P. Aloisio, R. Anchordoqui, L. Anzalone, A. Arnone, E. Bagheri, M. Baret, B. Barghini, D. Battisti, M. Bellotti, R. Belov, A.A. Bertaina, M. Bertone, P.F. Bianciotto, M. Bisconti, F. Blaksley, C. Blin-Bondil, S. Bolmgren, K. Briz, S. Burton, J. Cafagna, F. Cambié, G. Campana, D. Capel, F. Caruso, R. Casolino, M. Cassardo, C. Castellina, A. Černý, K. Christl, M.J. Colalillo, R. Conti, L. Cotto, G. Crawford, H.J. Cremonini, R. Creusot, A. Cummings, A. de Castro Gónzalez, A. de la Taille, C. Diesing, R. Dinaucourt, P. Di Nola, A. Ebisuzaki, T. Eser, J. Fenu, F. Ferrarese, S. Filippatos, G. Finch, W.W. Flaminio, F. Fornaro, C. Fuehne, D. Fuglesang, C. Fukushima, M. Gadamsetty, S. Gardiol, D. Garipov, G.K. Gazda, E. Golzio, A. Guarino, F. Guépin, C. Haungs, A. Heibges, T. Isgrò, F. Judd, E.G. Kajino, F. Kaneko, I. Kim, S.-W. Klimov, P.A. Krizmanic, J.F. Kungel, V. Kuznetsov, E. Martínez, F. López Mandát, D. Manfrin, M. Marcelli, A. Marcelli, L. Marszal, W. Matthews, J.N. Mese, M. Meyer, S.S. Mimouni, J. Miyamoto, H. Mizumoto, Y. Monaco, A. Nagataki, S. Nachtman, J.M. Naumov, D. Neronov, A. Nonaka, T. Ogawa, T. Ogio, S. Ohmori, H. Olinto, A.V. Onel, Y. Osteria, G. Otte, A.N. Pagliaro, A. Panico, B. Parizot, E. Park, I.H. Paul, T. Pech, M. Perfetto, F. Picozza, P. Piotrowski, L.W. Plebaniak, Z. Posligua, J. Potts, M. Prevete, R. Prévôt, G. Przybylak, M. Reali, E. Reardon, P. Reno, M.H. Ricci, M. Matamala, O.F. Romero Romoli, G. Sagawa, H. Sakaki, N. Saprykin, O.A. Sarazin, F. Sato, M. Schovánek, P. Scotti, V. Selmane, S. Sharakin, S.A. Shinozaki, K. Stepanoff, S. Soriano, J.F. Szabelski, J. Tajima, N. Tajima, T. Takahashi, Y. Takeda, M. Takizawa, Y. Thomas, S.B. Tkachev, L.G. Tomida, T. Toscano, S. Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Torino Torino Italy INFN Sezione di Torino Torino Italy Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia INAF Osservatorio astrofisico di Torino Torino Italy RIKEN Wako Japan Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Polytechnic University of Turin Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Turin10129 Italy Algiers Algeria Univ. Constantine I Constantine Algeria Joint Laboratory of Optics Faculty of Science Palacký University Olomouc Czech Republic Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic Omega Ecole Polytechnique CNRS IN2P3 Palaiseau France Université de Paris CNRS AstroParticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75013 France France Germany Max Planck Institute for Physics Munich Germany Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Bari Italy Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Ettore Majorana" Università di Catania Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Catania Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Napoli Italy Università di Napoli Federico II Dipartimento di Fisica "Ettore Pancini" Italy INAF - Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Palermo Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Italy Università di Roma Tor Vergata - Dipartimento di Fisica Roma Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Torino Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Torino Italy Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica Italy Uninettuno University Rome Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Via del Politecnico Roma00133 Italy Gran Sasso Science Institute L’Aquila Italy Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Kashiwa Ja

Neural networks as well as other methods of machine learning (ML) are known to be highly efficient in different classification tasks, including classification of images and videos. Mini-EUSO is a wide-field-of-view imaging telescope that operates onboard the International Space Station since 2019 collecting data on miscellaneous processes that take place in the atmosphere of Earth in the UV range. Here we briefly present our results on the development of ML-based approaches for recognition and classification of track-like signals in the Mini-EUSO data, among them meteors, space debris and signals the light curves and kinematics of which are similar to those expected from extensive air showers generated by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. We show that even simple neural networks demonstrate impressive performance in solving these tasks. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Machine learning

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Spectroscopic properties of the dwarf nova-type cataclysmic variables observed by LAMOST

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhongtao, Han Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar Shengbang, Qian Xiaohui, Fang Qishan, Wang Liying, Zhu Aijun, Dong Qijun, Zhi P. O. Box 110 Kunming650216 China National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand Higher Education Science Research and Innovation 260 Moo 4 T. Donkaew A. MaerimChiangmai50180 Thailand Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Data Processing School of Physics and Electronic Sciences Guizhou Education University Guiyang550001 China Key Laboratory of the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 110 Kunming650216 China Center for Astronomical Mega-Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 20A Datun Road Chaoyang District Beijing100012 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yuquan Road 19# Sijingshang Block Beijing100049 China

Spectra of 76 known dwarf novae from the LAMOST survey were presented. Most of the objects were observed in quiescence, and about 16 systems have typical outburst spectra. 36 of these systems were observed by SDSS, and most of their spectra are similar to the SDSS spectra. 2 objects, V367 Peg and V537 Peg, are the first to observe their spectra. The spectrum of V367 Peg shows a contribution from a M-type donor and its spectral type could be estimated as M3-5 by combining its orbital period. The signature of white dwarf spectrum can be seen clearly in four low-accretion-rate WZ Sge stars. Other special spectral features worthy of further observations are also noted and discussed. We present a LAMOST spectral atlas of outbursting dwarf novae. 6 objects have the first outburst spectra, and the others were also compared with the published outburst spectra. We argue that these data will be useful for further investigation of the accretion disc properties. The HeII λ4686 emission line can be found in the outburst spectra of seven dwarf novae. These objects are excellent candidates for probing the spiral asymmetries of accretion disc. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： White dwarfs

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The Prime Focus Spectrograph Galaxy Evolution Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Greene, Jenny E. Bezanson, Rachel Ouchi, Masami Silverman, John Arnouts, Stéphane Goulding, Andy D. Gu, Meng Gunn, James E. Harikane, Yuichi Heckman, Timothy Horowitz, Benjamin Johnson, Sean D. Kashino, Daichi Lee, Khee-Gan Leja, Joel Lin, Yen-Ting Marchesini, Danilo Matsuoka, Yoshiki Nagamine, Kentaro Ono, Yoshiaki Pearl, Alan Shibuya, Takatoshi Strauss, Michael A. Strom, Allison L. Sugahara, Yuma Tresse, Laurence Yabe, Kiyoto Yamashita, Takuji Akiyama, Masayuki Ata, Metin Azevedo, Gabriel M. Chen, Chian-Chou Chies-Santos, Ana L. Ellis, Richard S. Hahn, Changhoon Roier, Gabriel Roberto Hauschild Ichikawa, Kohei Ito, Kei Jiang, Linhua Jing, Y.P. Kawamuro, Taiki Kobayashi, Chiaki Kraljic, Katarina Le Brun, Vincent Liu, Xin Melchior, Peter Mendes De Oliveira, Claudia L. Monteiro-Oliveira, Rogério Nagao, Tohru Onodera, Masato Overzier, Roderik A. Schiminovich, David Schramm, Malte Shimakawa, Rhythm Sodré, Laerte Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa Suzuki, Tomoko L. Tanaka, Masayuki Toba, Yoshiki Umehata, Hideki Wang, Jiaqi Welker, Charlotte Whitaker, Katherine Xu, Kun Xue, Yongquan Yang, Xiaohu Zu, Ying Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ08544 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Department of Astronomy School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Aix Marseille University CNRS CNES LAM Marseille France Johns Hopkins University United States University of Michigan United States Institute for Advanced Research Nagoya University Nagoya464-8601 Japan Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Nagoya464-8602 Japan Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Taiwan Tufts University United States Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution Ehime University Japan Theoretical Astrophysics Department of Earth & Space Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Osaka Toyonaka560-0043 Japan Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy Las VegasNV89154-4002 United States Kitami Institute of Technology 165 Koen-cho Hokkaido Kitami090-8507 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Astronomical Institute Tohoku University Japan Av. Bento Gonçalves RS Porto Alegre9500

We present the Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) Galaxy Evolution pillar of the 360-night PFS Subaru Strategic Program. This 130-night program will capitalize on the wide wavelength coverage and massive multiplexing capabilities of PFS to study the evolution of typical galaxies from cosmic dawn to the present. From Lyman α emitters at z ∼ 7 to probe reionization, drop-outs at z ∼ 3 to map the inter-galactic medium in absorption, and a continuum-selected sample at z ∼ 1.5, we will chart the physics of galaxy evolution within the evolving cosmic web. This article is dedicated to the memory of Olivier Le Fevre, who was an early advocate for the construction of PFS, and a key early member of the Galaxy Evolution Working Group. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Spectrographs

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Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries (vol 611, pg 115, 2022)

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NATURE 2022年第7938期612卷 E7-E7页

作者： Mishra, Aniket Malik, Rainer Hachiya, Tsuyoshi Jurgenson, Tuuli Namba, Shinichi Posner, Daniel C. Kamanu, Frederick K. Koido, Masaru Le Grand, Quentin Shi, Mingyang He, Yunye Georgakis, Marios K. Caro, Ilana Krebs, Kristi Liaw, Yi-Ching Vaura, Felix C. Lin, Kuang Winsvold, Bendik Slagsvold Srinivasasainagendra, Vinodh Parodi, Livia Bae, Hee-Joon Chauhan, Ganesh Chong, Michael R. Tomppo, Liisa Akinyemi, Rufus Roshchupkin, Gennady V. Habib, Naomi Jee, Yon Ho Thomassen, Jesper Qvist Abedi, Vida Carcel-Marquez, Jara Nygaard, Marianne Leonard, Hampton L. Yang, Chaojie Yonova-Doing, Ekaterina Knol, Maria J. Lewis, Adam J. Judy, Renae L. Ago, Tetsuro Amouyel, Philippe Armstrong, Nicole D. Bakker, Mark K. Bartz, Traci M. Bennett, David A. Bis, Joshua C. Bordes, Constance Borte, Sigrid Cain, Anael Ridker, Paul M. Cho, Kelly Chen, Zhengming Cruchaga, Carlos Cole, John W. de Jager, Phil L. de Cid, Rafael Endres, Matthias Ferreira, Leslie E. Geerlings, Mirjam I. Gasca, Natalie C. Gudnason, Vilmundur Hata, Jun He, Jing Heath, Alicia K. Ho, Yuk-Lam Havulinna, Aki S. Hopewell, Jemma C. Hyacinth, I. Hyacinth Inouye, Michael Jacob, Mina A. Jeon, Christina E. Jern, Christina Kamouchi, Masahiro Keene, Keith L. Kitazono, Takanari Kittner, Steven J. Konuma, Takahiro Kumar, Amit Lacaze, Paul Launer, Lenore J. Lee, Keon-Joo Lepik, Kaido Li, Jiang Li, Liming Manichaikul, Ani Markus, Hugh S. Marston, Nicholas A. Meitinger, Thomas Mitchell, Braxton D. Montellano, Felipe A. Morisaki, Takayuki Mosley, Thomas H. Nalls, Mike A. Nordestgaard, Borge G. O'Donnell, Martin J. Okada, Yukinori Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte Ovbiagele, Bruce Peters, Annette Psaty, Bruce M. Rich, Stephen S. Rosand, Jonathan Sabatine, Marc S. Sacco, Ralph L. Saleheen, Danish Sandset, Else Charlotte Salomaa, Veikko Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan Sasaki, Makoto Satizabal, Claudia L. Schmidt, Carsten O. Shimizu, Atsushi Smith, Nicholas L. Sloane, Kelly L. Sutoh, Yoichi Sun, Yan V. Tanno, Kozo Tiedt, Steffen Tatlisumak, Turgut Torres-Aguila, Nuria P. Tiwari, Hemant K. Tregouet, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center University of Bordeaux Inserm UMR 1219 Bordeaux France Department of Public Health Bordeaux University Hospital Bordeaux France Department of Neurology Memory Clinic Bordeaux University Hospital Bordeaux France Department of Neurology Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases CHU de Bordeaux Bordeaux France Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) University Hospital LMU Munich Munich Germany Center for Genomic Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology Munich Germany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Iwate Medical University Iwate Japan Estonian Genome Centre Institute of Genomics University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Institute of Mathematics and Statistics University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Department of Computational Biology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Lausanne Switzerland University Center for Primary Care and Public Health Lausanne Switzerland Department of Statistical Genetics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan Department of Genome Informatics Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Laboratory for Systems Genetics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan Laboratory of Statistical Immunology Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC) Osaka University Suita Japan Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University Suita Japan Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) Osaka University Suita Japan Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston MA USA TIMI S

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The first nova eruption in a novalike variable: YZ Ret as seen in X-rays and γ-rays

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Sokolovsky, Kirill V. Li, Kwan-Lok de Oliveira, Raimundo Lopes Ness, Jan-Uwe Mukai, Koji Chomiuk, Laura Aydi, Elias Steinberg, Elad Vurm, Indrek Metzger, Brian D. Babul, Aliya-Nur Kawash, Adam Linford, Justin D. Nelson, Thomas Page, Kim L. Rupen, Michael P. Sokoloski, Jennifer L. Strader, Jay Kilkenny, David Center for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University 567 Wilson Rd East LansingMI48824 United States Sternberg Astronomical Institute Moscow State University Universitetskii pr. 13 Moscow119992 Russia Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Departamento de Astronomia Instituto de Astronomia Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas Universidade de São Paulo Cidade Universitária R. do Matão 1226 SP São Paulo05508-090 Brazil Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de Sergipe Av. Marechal Rondon S/N SE São Cristóvão49100-000 Brazil Observatório Nacional Rua Gal. José Cristino 77 RJ Rio de Janeiro20921-400 Brazil European Space Astronomy Centre Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n Urb. Villafranca del Castillo Villanueva de la Cañada MadridE-28692 Spain CRESST and X-ray Astrophysics Laboratory NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Racah Institute of Physics The Hebrew University Jerusalem9190401 Israel Tartu Observatory University of Tartu Tõravere Tartumaa 61602 Estonia Department of Physics Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States National Radio Astronomy Observatory Domenici Science Operations Center 1003 Lopezville Road SocorroNM87801 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester University Road LeicesterLE1 7RH United Kingdom National Research Council Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics 717 White Lake Rd PO Box 248 PentictonBCV2A 6J9 Canada Department of Physics & Astronomy University of the Western Cape Private Bag X17 Bellville7535 South Africa Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Ave New YorkNY10010 United States

Peaking at 3.7 mag on 2020 July 11, YZ Ret was the second-brightest nova of the decade. The nova’s moderate proximity (2.7 kpc, from Gaia) provided an opportunity to explore its multi-wavelength properties in great detail. Here we report on YZ Ret as part of a long-term project to identify the physical mechanisms responsible for high-energy emission in classical novae. We use simultaneous Fermi/LAT and NuSTAR observations complemented by XMM-Newton X-ray grating spectroscopy to probe the physical parameters of the shocked ejecta and the nova-hosting white dwarf. The XMM-Newton observations revealed a super-soft X-ray emission which is dominated by emission lines of C v, C vi, N vi, N vii, and O viii rather than a blackbody-like continuum, suggesting CO-composition of the white dwarf in a high-inclination binary system. Fermi/LAT detected YZ Ret for 15 days with the γ-ray spectrum best described by a power law with an exponential cut-off at 1.9 ± 0.6 GeV. In stark contrast with theoretical predictions and in keeping with previous NuSTAR observations of Fermi-detected classical novae (V5855 Sgr and V906 Car), the 3.5-78 keV X-ray emission is found to be two orders of magnitude fainter than the GeV emission. The X-ray emission observed by NuSTAR is consistent with a single-temperature thermal plasma model. We do not detect a non-thermal tail of the GeV emission expected to extend down to the NuSTAR band. NuSTAR observations continue to challenge theories of high-energy emission from shocks in novae. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray scattering

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Radio detection of an elusive millisecond pulsar in the Globular Cluster NGC 6397

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Lei Ridolfi, Alessandro Blumer, Harsha Freire, Paulo C.C. Manchester, Richard N. McLaughlin, Maura Kremer, Kyle Cameron, Andrew D. Zhang, Zhiyu Behrend, Jan Burgay, Marta Buchner, Sarah Champion, David J. Chen, Weiwei Dai, Shi Feng, Yi Fu, Xiaoting Guo, Meng Hobbs, George Keane, Evan F. Kramer, Michael Levin, Lina Li, Xiangdong Ni, Mengmeng Pan, Jingshan Padmanabh, Prajwal V. Possenti, Andrea Ransom, Scott M. Tsai, Chao-Wei Krishnan, Vivek Venkatraman Wang, Pei Zhang, Jie Zhi, Qijun Zhang, Yongkun Li, Di National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road Chaoyang District Beijing100101 China Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology P.O. Box 218 HawthornVIC3122 Australia SelargiusI-09047 Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy West Virginia University MorgantownWV26506 United States Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany CSIRO Space and Astronomy Australia Telescope National Facility PO Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia TAPIR California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science PasadenaCA91101 United States Swinburne University of Technology Mail H74 PO Box 218 VIC3122 Australia School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Ministry of Education Nanjing210093 China South African Radio Astronomy Observatory Fir Street Black River Park Cape Town7925 South Africa School of Science Western Sydney University Locked Bag 1797 PenrithNSW2751 Australia Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311100 China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210023 China National Supercomputing Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology 28666 East Jingshi Road Licheng Distrist Jinan250103 China Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology 28666 East Jingshi Road Licheng Distrist Jinan250103 China School of Physics Trinity College Dublin College Green Dublin Ireland Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom HannoverD-30167 Germany MonserratoI-09042 Italy NRAO 520 Edgemont Road CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Qilu Normal University 2 Wenbo Road Zhangqiu District Jinan250200 China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio

We report the discovery of a new 5.78 ms-period millisecond pulsar (MSP), PSR J1740−5340B (NGC 6397B), in an eclipsing binary system discovered with the Parkes radio telescope (now also known as Murriyanga), Australia, and confirmed with the MeerKAT radio telescope in South Africa. The measured orbital period, 1.97 days, is the longest among all eclipsing binaries in globular clusters (GCs) and consistent with that of the coincident X-ray source U18, previously suggested to be a ‘hidden MSP’. Our XMM-Newton observations during NGC 6397B’s radio quiescent epochs detected no X-ray flares. NGC 6397B is either a transitional MSP or an eclipsing binary in its initial stage of mass transfer after the companion star left the main sequence. The discovery of NGC 6397B potentially reveals a subgroup of extremely faint and heavily obscured binary pulsars, thus providing a plausible explanation to the apparent dearth of binary neutron stars in core-collapsed GCs as well as a critical constraint on the evolution of GCs. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mass transfer

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