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27th International Conference on pattern recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Lasker, Asifuzzaman Ghosh, Mridul Obaidullah, Sk Md Chakraborty, Chandan Roy, Kaushik Pal, Umapada Department of Computer Science and Engineering Aliah University Kolkata700160 India Department of Computer Science Shyampur Siddheswari Mahavidyalaya Howrah711312 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technical Teachers’ Training and Research Kolkata700106 India Department of Computer Science West Bengal State University Barasat700126 India Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781650

An innovative deep learning structure, PulmoNetX, integrates the capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and vision Transformers (ViTs) to enhance pneumonia detection in chest X-ray imagery. During preprocessing, images are normalized in size, converted to grayscale, and subjected to contrast amplification to emphasize essential features. PulmoNetX employs a hybrid methodology to capture both the local and global characteristics of images, leading to significant advancements in diagnosing different pneumonia types, such as COVID-19-induced, viral, and bacterial pneumonia. Comparative studies reveal that PulmoNetX surpasses leading vision Transformer models in terms of precision, recall, F1-score, and overall accuracy, highlighting its advanced processing abilities and its promise as an effective diagnostic tool in X-ray lung disease detection. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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CodePhys: Robust Video-Based Remote Physiological Measurement Through Latent Codebook Querying

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IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Chu, Shuyang Xia, Menghan Yuan, Mengyao Liu, Xin Seppanen, Tapio Zhao, Guoying Shi, Jingang Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Software Engineering Xi'an China Tencent Ai Lab Shenzhen China Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology Lut Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Lappeenranta53850 Finland University of Oulu Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis Finland

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) aims to measure non-contact physiological signals from facial videos, which has shown great potential in many applications. Most existing methods directly extract video-based rPPG features by designing neural networks for heart rate estimation. Although they can achieve acceptable results, the recovery of rPPG signal faces intractable challenges when interference from real-world scenarios takes place on facial video. Specifically, facial videos are inevitably affected by non-physiological factors (e.g., camera device noise, defocus, and motion blur), leading to the distortion of extracted rPPG signals. Recent rPPG extraction methods are easily affected by interference and degradation, resulting in noisy rPPG signals. In this paper, we propose a novel method named CodePhys, which innovatively treats rPPG measurement as a code query task in a noise-free proxy space (i.e., codebook) constructed by ground-truth PPG signals. We consider noisy rPPG features as queries and generate high-fidelity rPPG features by matching them with noise-free PPG features from the codebook. Our approach also incorporates a spatial-aware encoder network with a spatial attention mechanism to highlight physiologically active areas and uses a distillation loss to reduce the influence of non-periodic visual interference. Experimental results on four benchmark datasets demonstrate that CodePhys outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both intra-dataset and cross-dataset settings. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Heart

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Non-Uniform Illumination Attack for Fooling Convolutional Neural Networks

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年

作者： Jain, Akshay Dubey, Shiv Ram Singh, Satish Kumar Santosh, K.C. Chaudhuri, Bidyut Baran Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad Computer Vision and Biometrics Lab Department of Information Technology Uttar Pradesh Prayagraj211015 India University of South Dakota AI Research Lab Department of Computer Science VermillionSD57069 United States Indian Statistical Institute Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Kolkata700108 India

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have made remarkable strides;however, they remain susceptible to vulnerabilities, particularly to image perturbations that humans can easily recognize. This weakness, often termed as 'attacks,' underscores the limited robustness of CNNs and the need for research into fortifying their resistance against such manipulations. This study introduces a novel Non-Uniform Illumination (NUI) attack technique, where images are subtly altered using varying NUI masks. Extensive experiments are conducted on widely-accepted datasets including CIFAR10, TinyImageNet, CalTech256 and NWPU-RESISC45 focusing on image classification with 12 different NUI masks. The resilience of VGG, ResNet, MobilenetV3-small, InceptionV3 and efficientNet b0 models against NUI attacks are evaluated. Our results show a substantial decline in the CNN models' classification accuracy when subjected to NUI attacks, due to changes in the image pixel value distribution, indicating their vulnerability under non-uniform illumination. To mitigate this, a defense strategy is proposed, including NUI-attacked images, generated through the new NUI transformation, into the training set. The results demonstrate a significant enhancement in CNN model performance when confronted with perturbed images affected by NUI attacks. This strategy seeks to bolster CNN models' resilience against NUI attacks. A comparative study with other attack techniques shows the effectiveness of the NUI attack and defense technique. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A Survey of Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm and Its Variants: Statistical Analysis, Performance Evaluation, and Structural Reviewing

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Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 2025年第1期32卷 269-310页

作者： Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Rahmani, Amir Masoud Husari, Fatimatelbatoul Mahmoud Alsalami, Omar Mutab Marzougui, Mehrez Nguyen, Gia Nhu Lee, Sang-Woong Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam School of Medicine and Pharmacy Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Communication and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Cihan University-Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taif University Taif21944 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science King Khalid University Abha61413 Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab Gachon University 1342 Seongnamdaero Sujeonggu Seongnam13120 Korea Republic of

In the last few decades, metaheuristic algorithms that use the laws of nature have been used dramatically in numerous and complex optimization problems. The artificial hummingbird algorithm (AHA) is one of the metaheuristic algorithms that was invented in 2022 based on the foraging and migration behavior of the hummingbird for modeling and solving optimization problems. The algorithm initially starts with an initial random population of solutions. It then uses iterative processes and hummingbird position updates to balance exploration and exploitation toward the most optimal solutions. This paper has a detailed and extensive review of the AHA algorithm considering the aspects of hybrid, improved, binary, multi-objective, and optimization problems. In addition, a wide range of applications of AHA in various fields such as feature selection, image processing, scheduling, Internet of Things, classification, clustering, financial and economic issues, forecasting, wireless sensor networks, and many engineering challenges are explored. The statistical and numerical results showed that the AHA algorithm with deep learning methods, Levy flight, and opposition-based learning had the best performance. Also, the AHA algorithm is most widely used in solving multimodal optimization problems and continuous functions. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to International center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE) 2024.

关键词： Optimization

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CodePhys: Robust Video-based Remote Physiological Measurement through Latent Codebook Querying

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chu, Shuyang Xia, Menghan Yuan, Mengyao Liu, Xin Seppanen, Tapio Zhao, Guoying Shi, Jingang The School of Software Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China The Tencent AI Lab Shenzhen China The Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT Lappeenranta53850 Finland The Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis University of Oulu Finland

关键词： Heart

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FRANet: A Feature Refinement Attention Network for SAR Image Denoising

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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 2025年

作者： Liu, Shuaiqi Lei, Yu Hu, Qi Liu, Ming Li, Bing Hu, Weiming Zhang, Yu-Dong Hebei University Machine Vision Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province College of Electronic and Information Engineering Baoding 071002 China Hebei University Education and Teaching Research and Teacher Training Promotion Center Baoding 071002 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Automation National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition (NLPR) Beijing 100190 China University of Leicester School of Computing and Mathematical Science Leicester LE1 7RH United Kingdom

Since synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images have complex noise and have no clean reference images, SAR image denoising is very challenging. With the development of deep learning, several denoising algorithms based on deep learning are proposed to achieve a better SAR image denoising effect. However, most networks are prone to gradient disappearance and explosion in the training process. The deep network model will produce an excessive amount of computation. The denoising time is also too long. Since most of the denoising algorithms based on deep learning use simulated images for model training, it is difficult to effectively suppress speckle noise in the real SAR image while a balance between denoising and detail preservation cannot be achieved. To address the mentioned problems, we propose a novel feature refinement attention network named FRANet. In FRANet, a feature refinement network (FRN) is first used to refine the input noise image to extract more useful features while accelerating network training. Secondly, a feature attention encoder-decoder network is constructed for deep feature extraction. This network uses an asymmetric encoder-decoder structure to expand the receptive field, which can improve the information extraction ability and reduce the number of parameters effectively. Finally, the final denoised SAR image is obtained by global residual learning. Compared with other denoising algorithms, the proposed algorithm can achieve better results in denoising performance and running time. © 2008-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Attention encoder-decoder network Deep learning Feature refinement Image denoising Synthetic aperture radar

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Ontology-supported indexing in P2P networks of digital libraries

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International Journal of Web Engineering and Technology 2008年第1期4卷 44-69页

作者： Alexakos, Christos E. Paraskevopoulos, Konstantinos I. Votis, Konstantinos V. Likothanassis, Spiridon D. Pattern Recognition Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras GR 26500 Patras Hellas Greece Pattern Recognition Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Industrial Systems Institute Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Pattern Recognition Laboratory Managing Committee Artificial Intelligence Research Center University of Patras

Distributed Digital Libraries (DLs) integration is significant for the enforcement of novel searching mechanisms in the internet. The great heterogeneity of systems storing and providing digital content requires the introduction of interoperability aspects in order to resolve integration problems in a flexible and dynamic way. Our approach introduces an innovative service-oriented P2P system, which initialises a distributed ontology schema, semantically describing and indexing the digital content stored in distributed DLs. The proposed architecture enforces the distributed semantic index by defining virtual clusters consisting of nodes (peers) with similar or related content in order to provide efficient searching and recommendation mechanisms. Furthermore, a use-case example is presented in order to demonstrate the functionalities of the proposed architecture in a P2P network with DLs containing cultural material. Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Digital libraries

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A new nano-scale authentication architecture for improving the security of human-computer interaction systems based on quantum computing

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Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 2025年第1期124卷 1-15页

作者： Ahmadpour, Seyed-Sajad Zohaib, Muhammad Navimipour, Nima Jafari Misra, Neeraj Kumar Rasmi, Hadi Salahov, Huseyn Avval, Danial Bakhshayeshi Navin, Ahmad Habibizad Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliou Taiwan School of Electronics Engineering VIT-AP University Amaravathi India Department of Computer Engineering Dezful Branch Islamic Azad University Dezful Iran Department of Information Systems Engineering Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Laboratory School of Computing Gachon University Seongnam Republic of Korea

Human-computer Interaction (HCI) is an interdisciplinary area of study focusing on the interaction of users and computers by scheming interactive computer interfaces. In addition, HCI systems need security to confirm user authentication, which is a crucial issue in these systems. Hence, user authentication is vital, allowing only authorized users to access data. Authentication is critical to the digital world since it provides security and safety for digital data. Moreover, a digital signature is an authentication method to confirm the accuracy and reliability of digital documents or communications. In addition, designing the circuit based on the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology can affect the security and safety of digital data due to the excessive heat dissipation of circuits. On the other hand, quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) and reversible logic as alternative technologies to CMOS address these problems. Since QCA and reversible logic circuits have minimal energy dissipation, which is considered nearly zero, approaching these technologies proves extremely difficult for any hacker. This work presents an effective structure for the authenticator and human-computer interaction using QCA and IBM quantum computing with Qiskit simulations. The proposed structure has outperformed current circuits in terms of area, cell count, and latency. The paper demonstrates the QCA reversible logic layout of the proposed HCI authenticator and integrates IBM quantum computing simulations using Qiskit for validation. The implementation and testing of results are performed utilizing QCADesigner-2.0.3 and Qiskit simulation tools. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed design are validated through simulation-derived comparison values, and energy dissipation simulations prove that the suggested circuit dissipates minimal energy.

关键词： Qubits

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Using electromagnetic input for multi-user or two-handed spatial gestural interaction based on the digital compass 15

Using electromagnetic input for multi-user or two-handed spa...

引用

17th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, MobileHCI 2015

作者： Yuksel, Kamer Ali Baz, Ipek Ozduman, Haluk Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Sabanci University Turkey Research Center for ICT German Turkish Advanced Technical University of Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336529

Multiple researchers recently proposed the use of the digital compass embedded in mobile devices for touchless interaction in the 3D space around them. These methods overcome several limits imposed by other interaction techniques and were evaluated for a variety of uses. However, they do not support collaborative settings and are prone to dynamic noise caused by external conditions, as with most other sensor-based interaction techniques. In this paper, we propose the use of frequency-modulated electromagnets as an input medium for magnetic interaction to overcome its various constraints and further enable multi-user and two-handed input. Furthermore, we demonstrated the hardware design specifications of a novel input device, referred to as electromagnetic stylus, which is prototyped to conduct a user-study on the proposed method. Experimental results indicate that gestures performed simultaneously by four electromagnetic styli can accurately be recognized using a single magnetic field sensor, and dynamic noises can be substantially reduced. © 2015 ACM.

关键词： Timing circuits

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A Wide Learning Approach for Interpretable Feature Recommendation for 1-D Sensor Data in IoT Analytics

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2019年第6期16卷 800-811页

作者： Snehasis Banerjee Tanushyam Chattopadhyay Utpal Garain TCS Research&Innovation Tata Consultancy ServicesEcospaceKolkata 700160India Computer Vision&Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute203 B.T.RoadKolkata 700108India

This paper presents a state of the art machine learning-based approach for automation of a varied class of Internet of things(Io T) analytics problems targeted on 1-dimensional(1-D) sensor data. As feature recommendation is a major bottleneck for general Io Tbased applications, this paper shows how this step can be successfully automated based on a Wide Learning architecture without sacrificing the decision-making accuracy, and thereby reducing the development time and the cost of hiring expensive resources for specific problems. Interpretation of meaningful features is another contribution of this research. Several data sets from different real-world applications are considered to realize the proof-of-concept. Results show that the interpretable feature recommendation techniques are quite effective for the problems at hand in terms of performance and drastic reduction in development time.

关键词： Feature engineering sensor data analysis Internet of things(IoT)analytics interpretable learning automation

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