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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Keqiang Li Huaiyu Wu Xiuqin Shang Zhen Shen Gang Xiong Xisong Dong Bin Hu Fei-Yue Wang School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Guangdong Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing and Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Computing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Dongguan China

3D face reconstruction from a single 2D facial image is a challenging and concerned problem. Recent methods based on CNN typically aim to learn parameters of 3D Morphable Model (3DMM) from 2D images to render face alignment and 3D face reconstruction. Most algorithms are designed for faces with small, medium yaw angles, which is extremely challenging to align faces in large poses. At the same time, they are not efficient usually. The main challenge is that it takes time to determine the parameters accurately. In order to address this challenge with the goal of improving performance, this paper proposes a novel and efficient end-to-end framework. We design an efficient and lightweight network model combined with Depthwise Separable Convolution and Muti-scale Representation, Lightweight Attention Mechanism, named Mobile-FRNet. Simultaneously, different loss functions are used to constrain and optimize 3DMM parameters and 3D vertices during training to improve the performance of the network. Meanwhile, extensive experiments on the challenging datasets show that our method significantly improves the accuracy of face alignment and 3D face reconstruction. Model parameters and complexity of our method are also improved greatly.

关键词： Training Solid modeling Three-dimensional displays Convolution Face recognition Neural networks Complexity theory

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Fast Calibration of Agent-Based Model using Mean-Field Approach

Fast Calibration of Agent-Based Model using Mean-Field Appro...

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Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Wanze Lu Gang Xiong Xudong Liu Sheng Liu Peijun Ye Liguo Zhang Faculty of Information and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Guangdong Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing and Intelligent Manufacturing The Cloud Computing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Calibration of simulation system is an important step to establish a reliable simulation system. In this paper, based on the existing mean field calibration theory, a new fast calibration method for complex urban traffic system based on mean field method is discussed by establishing the relationship between the macroscopic observation quantity and the proxy microscopic parameters. This method makes use of the machine learning method, and reduces the dimension of the state vector in the discrete time period, so that the dimension of the macroscopic state transition matrix is lower, and then reduces the computational complexity of the system calibration. Finally, the calibration results of the simulation system were verified by SUMO traffic simulation software.

关键词： Visualization Computational modeling Microscopy Digital twin Machine learning Traffic control Reliability theory

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Communication Lower Bound in Convolution Accelerators

Communication Lower Bound in Convolution Accelerators

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IEEE Symposium on High-Performance computer architecture

作者： Xiaoming Chen Yinhe Han Yu Wang Center for Intelligent Computing Systems State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728161495

ISBN: (纸本)9781728161501

In current convolutional neural network (CNN) accelerators, communication (i.e., memory access) dominates the energy consumption. This work provides comprehensive analysis and methodologies to minimize the communication for CNN accelerators. For the off-chip communication, we derive the theoretical lower bound for any convolutional layer and propose a dataflow to reach the lower bound. This fundamental problem has never been solved by prior studies. The on-chip communication is minimized based on an elaborate workload and storage mapping scheme. We in addition design a communication-optimal CNN accelerator architecture. Evaluations based on the 65nm technology demonstrate that the proposed architecture nearly reaches the theoretical minimum communication in a three-level memory hierarchy and it is computation dominant. The gap between the energy efficiency of our accelerator and the theoretical best value is only 37-87%.

关键词： System-on-chip Convolution Random access memory Convolutional codes Memory management Microsoft Windows Kernel

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A Birotation Solution for Relative Pose Problems

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhao, Hongbo Long, Ziwei Zhang, Mengtan Wang, Hanli Chen, Qijun Fan, Rui Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai China College of Electronics & Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China School of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai China Tongji University Shanghai China College of Electronics & Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai China

Relative pose estimation, a fundamental computer vision problem, has been extensively studied for decades. Existing methods either estimate and decompose the essential matrix or directly estimate the rotation and translation to obtain the solution. In this article, we break the mold by tackling this traditional problem with a novel birotation solution. We first introduce three basis transformations, each associated with a geometric metric to quantify the distance between the relative pose to be estimated and its corresponding basis transformation. Three energy functions, designed based on these metrics, are then minimized on the Riemannian manifold SO(3) by iteratively updating the two rotation matrices. The two rotation matrices and the basis transformation corresponding to the minimum energy are ultimately utilized to recover the relative pose. Extensive quantitative and qualitative evaluations across diverse relative pose estimation tasks demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed birotation solution. Source code, demo video, and datasets will be available at ***/birotation-solution upon publication. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Linear transformations

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Semi-vortex solitons and their excited states in spin-orbit-coupled binary bosonic condensates

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Deng, Haiming Li, Jinqing Chen, Zhaopin Liu, Yaohui Liu, Dong Jiang, Chunzhi Kong, Chao Malomed, Boris A. School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering Xiangnan University Chenzhou423000 China Microelectronics and Optoelectronics Technology Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education Xiangnan University Chenzhou423000 China Hunan Engineering Research Center of Advanced Embedded Computing and Intelligent Medical Systems Xiangnan University Chenzhou423000 China Physics Department Solid-State Institute Technion Haifa32000 Israel Department of Physical Electronics School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv69978 Israel Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7D Arica Chile

It is known that two-dimensional two-component fundamental solitons of the semi-vortex (SV) type, with vorticities (s+, s−) = (0, 1) in their components, are stable ground states (GSs) in the spin-orbit-coupled (SOC) binary Bose-Einstein condensate with the contact self-attraction acting in both components, in spite of the possibility of the critical collapse in the system. However, excited states (ESs) of the SV solitons, with the vorticity set (s+, s−) = (S+, S+ + 1) and S+ = 1, 2, 3, ..., are unstable in the same system. We construct ESs of SV solitons in the SOC system with opposite signs of the self-interaction in the two components. The main finding is stability of the ES-SV solitons, with the extra vorticity (at least) up to S+ = 6. The threshold value of the norm for the onset of the critical collapse, Nthr, in these excited states is higher than the commonly known critical value, Nc ≈ 5.85, associated with the single-component Townes solitons, Nthr increasing with the growth of S+. A velocity interval for stable motion of the GS-SV solitons is found too. The results suggest a solution for the challenging problem of the creation of stable vortex solitons with high topological charges. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Excited states

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Calibration of Agent-Based Model Using Reinforcement Learning

Calibration of Agent-Based Model Using Reinforcement Learnin...

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Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Bing Song Gang Xiong Songmin Yu Peijun Ye Xisong Dong Yisheng Lv The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Guangdong Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing and Intelligent Manufacturing The Cloud Computing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research Breslauer Germany

In the research and application of Agent-Based Models (ABM), parameter calibration is an important content. Based on the existing state transfer equations that link the micro-parameters and macro-states of the multi-agent system, this paper further proposes to introduce Reinforcement Learning when calibrating the parameters. The state transfer of the agent after learning is used to calibrate the micro-parameters of ABM, and the interaction between each agent and multiple other agents is expressed as the parameters of the agent. The application case study of population migration demonstrates that our method can achieve high accuracy and low computational complexity.

关键词： Learning systems Microscopy Digital twin Sociology Reinforcement learning Mathematical models Calibration

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Extracting Semantic Knowledge from GANs with Unsupervised Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Xu, Jianjin Zhang, Zhaoxiang Hu, Xiaolin The School of Mathematics and Computer Science Panzhihua University The Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University China The Insitute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences The Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Hong Kong Innovation and Science Insitute Chinese Academy of Sciences Hong Kong The Department of Computer Science and Technology Institute for Artificial Intelligence State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems THU-Bosch JCML Center THBI IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research BNRist Tsinghua University Beijing China Beijing China

Recently, unsupervised learning has made impressive progress on various tasks. Despite the dominance of discriminative models, increasing attention is drawn to representations learned by generative models and in particular, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). Previous works on the interpretation of GANs reveal that GANs encode semantics in feature maps in a linearly separable form. In this work, we further find that GAN’s features can be well clustered with the linear separability assumption. We propose a novel clustering algorithm, named KLiSH, which leverages the linear separability to cluster GAN’s features. KLiSH succeeds in extracting fine-grained semantics of GANs trained on datasets of various objects, e.g., car, portrait, animals, and so on. With KLiSH, we can sample images from GANs along with their segmentation masks and synthesize paired image-segmentation datasets. Using the synthesized datasets, we enable two downstream applications. First, we train semantic segmentation networks on these datasets and test them on real images, realizing unsupervised semantic segmentation. Second, we train image-to-image translation networks on the synthesized datasets, enabling semantic-conditional image synthesis without human annotations. © 2022, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Unsupervised learning

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Directly wireless communication of human minds via non-invasive brain-computer-metasurface platform

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ma, Qian Gao, Wei Xiao, Qiang Ding, Lingsong Gao, Tianyi Zhou, Yajun Gao, Xinxin Yan, Tao Liu, Che Gu, Ze Kong, Xianghong Abbasi, Qammer H. Li, Lianlin Qiu, Cheng-Wei Li, Yuanqing Cui, Tie Jun Institute of Electromagnetic Space Southeast University Nanjing210096 China School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Center of Intelligent Metamaterials Pazhou Laboratory Guangzhou510330 China Research Center for Brain-Computer Interface Pazhou Lab Guangzhou510330 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore University of Glasgow James Watt School of Engineering GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronics Peking University Beijing100871 China

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), invasive or non-invasive, have projected unparalleled vision and promise for assisting patients in need to better their interaction with the surroundings. Inspired by the BCI-based rehabilitation technologies for nerve-system impairments and amputation, we propose an electromagnetic brain-computer-metasurface (EBCM) paradigm, regulated by human's cognition by brain signals directly and non-invasively. We experimentally show that our EBCM platform can translate human's mind from evoked potentials of P300-based electroencephalography to digital coding information in the electromagnetic domain non-invasively, which can be further processed and transported by an information metasurface in automated and wireless fashions. Directly wireless communications of the human minds are performed between two EBCM operators with accurate text transmissions. Moreover, several other proof-of-concept mind-control schemes are presented using the same EBCM platform, exhibiting flexibly-customized capabilities of information processing and synthesis like visual-beam scanning, wave modulations, and pattern encoding. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Electrophysiology

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衰亡链揭示互利共生生态系统中安全与崩溃的中间阶段（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第12期 89-98页

作者：王光炜刘雪明肖颖袁烨潘林强管晓宏高建喜张海涛 The MOE Engineering Research Center of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute Huazhong University of Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Center of Autonomous Unmanned Vessels MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligent Networks and Network Security&State Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems Xi'an Jiaotong University Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology Department of Automation Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented persistent deterioration due to unsustainable anthropogenic human activities, such as overfishing and deforestation, and the effects of such damage on ecological stability are uncertain. Despite recent advances in experimental and theoretical studies on regime shifts and tipping points, theoretical tools for understanding the extinction chain, which is the sequence of species extinctions resulting from overexploitation, are still lacking, especially for large-scale nonlinear networked systems. In this study, we developed a mathematical tool to predict regime shifts and extinction chains in ecosystems under multiple exploitation situations and verified it in 26 real-world mutualistic networks of various sizes and densities. We discovered five phases during the exploitation process: safe,partial extinction, bistable, tristable, and collapse, which enabled the optimal design of restoration strategies for degraded or collapsed systems. We validated our approach using a 20-year dataset from an eelgrass restoration project. Counterintuitively, we also found a specific region in the diagram spanning exploitation rates and competition intensities, where exploiting more species helps increase *** computational tool provides insights into harvesting, fishing, exploitation, or deforestation plans while conserving or restoring the biodiversity of mutualistic ecosystems.

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Urban Trip Generation Forecasting Based on Gradient Boosting Algorithm

Urban Trip Generation Forecasting Based on Gradient Boosting...

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Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Zhishuai Li Gang Xiong Yu Zhang Meng Zheng Xisong Dong Yisheng Lv State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Guangdong Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing and Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Computing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Dongguan China Beijing Municipal Institute of City Planning and Design Beijing China

The four-step transportation model plays an important role in urban planning. The quality of the first phase, i.e. trip generation, determines the performance of the global course. The majority of trip generation forecasting models highly rely on mathematical derivation and have many predictor variables during the prediction, which leads to low accuracy of results and requires laboriously hand-crafted design of input vectors. This paper is the first to introduce the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) algorithm for trip generation prediction, and harmonizes such a powerful machine learning method with traditional urban planning requirements to achieve better prediction performance. Unlike the commonly used linear regression method, GBDT can automatically perform feature selection and model the non-linear relationships between input and output variables. Experimental results on real-world residential travel census in Beijing prove that the GBDT model significantly outperforms the baseline and can forecast the trip generation more accurately.

关键词： Machine learning algorithms Urban planning Transportation Predictive models Prediction algorithms Feature extraction Boosting

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