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Machine learning for membrane bioreactor research:principles,methods,applications,and a tutorial

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2025年第3期19卷 119-144页

作者： Yizhe Lai Kang Xiao Yifan He Xian Liu Jihua Tan Wenchao Xue Aiqian Zhang Xia Huang Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Environmental Chemistry Faculty College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Energy Environmentand Climate ChangeSchool of EnvironmentResourcesand DevelopmentAsian Institute of TechnologyP.O.Box 4Klong LuangPathumthani 12120Thailand State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Membrane fouling poses a significant challenge to the sustainable development of membrane bioreactor(MBR)technologies for wastewater *** accurate prediction of the membrane filtration process is of great importance for identifying and controlling *** learning methods address the limitations of traditional statistical approaches,such as low accuracy,poor generalization ability,and slow convergence,particularly in predicting complex filtration and fouling processes within the realm of big *** article provides an in-depth exposition of machine learning *** study then reviews advances in MBRs that utilize machine learning methods,including artificial neural networks(ANN),support vector machines(SVM),decision trees,and ensemble *** on current literature,this study summarizes and compares the model input and output characteristics(including foulant characteristics,solution environments,filtration conditions,operating conditions,and time factors),as well as the selection of models and optimization *** modeling procedures of SVM,random forest(RF),back propagation neural network(BPNN),long short-term memory(LSTM),and genetic algorithm-back propagation(GA-BP)methods are elucidated through a tutorial *** simulation results demonstrated that all five methods yielded accurate predictions with R2>***,the existing challenges in the implementation of machine learning models in MBRs were *** is notable that integration of deep learning,automated machine learning(AutoML)and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)may facilitate the deployment of models in practical engineering *** insights presented here are expected to facilitate the establishment of an intelligent control framework for MBR processes in future endeavors.

关键词： Membrane bioreactor Machine learning Pollutant removal Membrane fouling Model prediction

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Impact of Implementing All-Sky Radiance Assimilation for FY-3E MWHS-2 in the CMA-GFS

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Monthly Weather Review 2025年第5期153卷 847-863页

作者： Li, Zeting Han, Wei Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education (KLME) Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre (CEMC) Beijing China

The Fengyun-3E (FY-3E) satellite was successfully launched into an early morning orbit on 5 July 2021, carrying a Microwave Humidity Sounder-2 (MWHS-2) to provide vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature and humidity. In this study, the all-sky FY-3E MWHS-2 radiances are effectively assimilated in the four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVar) system of the China Meteorological Administration Global Forecast system (CMA-GFS) to improve the global analysis and forecast. Before the all-sky radiance assimilation, several procedures were developed in the aspects of land emissivity retrieval, observation error modeling, and quality control based on the instrumental characteristics of MWHS-2. The results of 1-month cycle assimilation experiments indicate that the all-sky assimilation of MWHS-2 radiances considerably improved the initial conditions of temperature, humidity, and wind, and reduced the bias of stratocumulus clouds over the easternmost parts of the Maritime Continent. Regarding the geopotential forecasts, the all-sky experiment shows statistically significant reductions in root-mean-square error (RMSE) by 1%–2% up to a maximum of 7 days over the tropical region. Moreover, 1-month forecast sensitivity to observation (FSO) experiments demonstrated that both clear-sky and all-sky MWHS-2 radiances can substantially reduce short-range forecast errors, with the all-sky approach increasing the total FSO impact by about 30% relative to clear-sky assimilation. © 2025 American Meteorological Society.

关键词： Data assimilation Numerical weather prediction/forecasting Satellite observations

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Influence of Future Tropical Cyclone Track Changes on Their Basin-Wide Intensity over the Western North Pacific: Downscaled CMIP5 Projections

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第5期32卷 613-623页

作者： WANG Chao WU Liguang Earth System Modeling Center and Pacific Typhoon Research Center Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of the Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

The possible changes of tropical cyclone（TC） tracks and their influence on the future basin-wide intensity of TCs over the western North Pacific（WNP） are examined based on the projected large-scale environments derived from a selection of CMIP5（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5） models. Specific attention is paid to the performance of the CMIP5 climate models in simulating the large-scale environment for TC development over the WNP. A downscaling system including individual models for simulating the TC track and intensity is used to select the CMIP5 models and to simulate the TC activity in the *** assessment of the future track and intensity changes of TCs is based on the projected large-scale environment in the21 st century from a selection of nine CMIP5 climate models under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5（RCP4.5）scenario. Due to changes in mean steering flows, the influence of TCs over the South China Sea area is projected to decrease,with an increasing number of TCs taking a northwestward track. Changes in prevailing tracks and their contribution to basin-wide intensity change show considerable inter-model variability. The influences of changes in prevailing track make a marked contribution to TC intensity change in some models, tending to counteract the effect of SST warming. This study suggests that attention should be paid to the simulated large-scale environment when assessing the future changes in regional TC activity based on climate models. In addition, the change in prevailing tracks should be considered when assessing future TC intensity change.

关键词： tropical cyclone track and intensity climate change downscaling CMIP5

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Shifts in MJO behavior enhance predictability of subseasonal precipitation whiplashes

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Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-13页

作者： Cheng, Tat Fan Wang, Bin Liu, Fei Chen, Guosen Lu, Mengqian Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu HI United States Otto Poon Centre for Climate Resilience and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu HI United States School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Zhuhai China Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System Ministry of Education Zhuhai China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai China Earth System Modeling Center Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China

Subseasonal precipitation whiplashes, marked by sudden shifts between dry and wet extremes, can disrupt ecosystems and human well-being. Predicting these events two to six weeks in advance is crucial for disaster management. Here, we show that the propagation diversity of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)—a key source of subseasonal predictability—will alter under anthropogenic warming. This is evidenced by a 40% increase in fast-propagating events by the late 21st century. Fast-propagating MJOs may rise in a period as early as 2028–2063, increasing the global risk of precipitation whiplashes through teleconnections. We propose a heuristic framework diagnosing that MJO’s acceleration is primarily driven by enhanced atmospheric stabilization and El Niño-like sea surface warming. The expected rise in fast-propagating MJOs could improve the predictability of subseasonal weather whiplashes, offering critical lead time for disaster preparedness. Understanding these impending shifts is essential for enhancing subseasonal prediction capabilities. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Skylon aerospace plane and its aerodynamics and plumes

Skylon aerospace plane and its aerodynamics and plumes

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作者： Mehta, Unmeel Aftosmis, Michael Bowles, Jeffrey Pandya, Shishir NASA Ames Research Center Advanced Supercomputing Division Moffett FieldCA94035 United States Applied Modeling and Simulation Branch United States System Analysis Branch United States Fundamental Modeling and Simulation Branch United States

The Skylon concept incorporates the highly innovative synergetic air-breathing rocket engine concept that has the potential to revolutionize the mode of propulsion for transportation of medium-weight payloads to low Earth orbits. An independent partial assessment is provided of the technical viability of the Skylon concept. Pressure lift and drag coefficients derived from Euler simulations for unpowered flight compare very well and fairly well, respectively, with those from engineering methods. The engineering-method coefficients for powered flight are increasingly less acceptable as the freestream Mach number is increased beyond 8.5 because these methods did not account for the increasing favorable (in terms of pressure forces) effect of underexpanded rocket engine plumes on the aft fuselage. At Mach numbers greater than 8.5, the thermal environment around the aft fuselage is a known unknown: A potential design and/or performance risk issue. The adverse effects of shock waves on the aft fuselage and plume-induced flow separation are other potential risks. A preliminary design of Skylon requires the judicious use of a combination of engineering methods, advanced methods based on required physics or analytical fidelity, test data, and independent assessments. The demonstration of a synergetic air-breathing rocket-engine-powered experimental aerospace plane calls for the second revival of the Aerospace Plane Program. Copyright © 2015 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rockets

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Impacts of the Diurnal Cycle of Radiation on Tropical Cyclone Intensification and Structure

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第6期31卷 1377-1385页

作者： GE Xuyang MA Yue ZHOU Shunwu Tim LI Earth System Modeling Center Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology College of Atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaii Honolulu HI 96822 USA

To investigate the impacts of the diurnal cycle on tropical cyclones （TCs）,a set of idealized simulations were conducted by specifying different radiation （i.e.,nighttime-only,daytime-only,full diurnal cycle）.It was found that,for an initially weak storm,it developed faster during nighttime than *** impacts of radiation were not only on TC intensification,but also on TC structure and *** nighttime storm tended to have a larger size than its daytime *** nighttime,the radiative cooling steepened the lapse rate and thus reduced the static stability in cloudy regions,enhancing *** heating associated with outer convection induced boundary layer inflows,which led to outward expansion of tangential winds and thus increased the storm size.

关键词： solar shortwave radiation tropical cyclone structure intensification diurnal cycle

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Histogram-covering approach to verify model reliability

Histogram-covering approach to verify model reliability

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作者： Huang, Chongfu Jia, Dongyun Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster Ministry of Education of China Beijing Normal University No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street Beijing 100875 China Research Center for System Simulation and Disaster Modeling Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Civil Affairs and Ministry of Education

In statistics viewpoint, it is impossible to precisely estimate a probability distribution of a population with a sample whose size is less than the population's size. In general, with histogram method, estimates resulted from different samples are different, whose cover would reflect the scattering of estimates. Meanwhile, a fuzzy probability distribution would reflect the fuzziness of the probability estimate. According to the consistency principle of possibility/probability, we infer that the model used for calculating fuzzy probabilities is reliable if the fuzzy probability distribution is consist with the cover of histograms, which is a class of probability distributions of the probabilities that the event occurs in intervals. In this paper, with simulation results, we verify that the interior-outer-set model is basically reliable. ©2008 Old City Publishing, Inc.

关键词： Model checking

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Modulation of Tropical Cyclogenesis in the Western North Pacific by the Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第12期33卷 1361-1375页

作者： Haikun ZHAO Chunzai WANG Ryuji YOSHIDA Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster/Pacific Typhoon Research Center/Earth System Modeling CenterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory MiamiFL33149USA RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science Kobe650-0047Japan

The quasi-biweekly oscillation （QBWO） is the second most dominant intraseasonal mode over the westem North Pacific （WNP） during boreal summer. In this study, the modulation of WNP tropical cyclogenesis （TCG） by the QBWO and its association with large-scale patterns are investigated. A strong modulation of WNP TCG events by the QBWO is found. More TCG events occur during the QBWO＇s convectively active phase. Based on the genesis potential index （GPI）, we further evaluate the role of environmental factors in affecting WNP TCG. The positive GPI anomalies associated with the QBWO correspond well with TCG counts and locations. A large positive GPI anomaly is spatially correlated with WNP TCG events during a life cycle of the QBWO. The low-level relative vorticity and mid-level relative humidity appear to be two dominant contributors to the QBWO-composited GPI anomalies during the QBWO＇s active phase, followed by the nonlinear and potential intensity terms. These positive contributions to the GPI anomalies are partly offset by the negative contribution from the vertical wind shear. During the QBWO＇s inactive phase, the mid-level relative humidity appears to be the largest contributor, while weak contributions are also made by the nonlinear and low-level relative vorticity terms. Meanwhile, these positive contributions are partly cancelled out by the negative contribution from the potential intensity. The contributions of these environmental factors to the GPI anomalies associated with the QBWO are similar in all five flow patterns--the monsoon shear line, monsoon confluence region, monsoon gyre, easterly wave, and Rossby wave energy dispersion associated with a preexisting TC. Further analyses show that the QBWO strongly modulates the synoptic-scale wave trains （SSWs） over the WNP, with larger amplitude SSWs during the QBWO＇s active phase. This implies a possible enhanced （weakened） relationship between TCG and SSWs during the active （inactive） phase. This study improves

关键词： tropical cyclogenesis quasi-biweekly oscillation genesis potential index large-scale patterns western NorthPacific

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A global-scale multidecadal variability driven by Atlantic multidecadal oscillation

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National Science Review 2020年第7期7卷 1190-1197页

作者： Young-Min Yang Soon-Il An Bin Wang Jae Heung Park Department of Atmospheric Science Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters and Earth System Modeling Center Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Department of Atmospheric Sciences and International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaii Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Irreversible Climate Change Research Center Yonsei University Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology

Observational analysis shows that there is a predominant global-scale multidecadal variability(GMV) of sea-surface temperature(SST). Its horizontal pattern resembles that of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation(IPO) in the Pacific and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation(AMO) in the Atlantic Ocean, which could affect global precipitation and temperature over the globe. Here, we demonstrate that the GMV could be driven by the AMO through atmospheric teleconnections and atmosphere–ocean coupling *** reveal a strong negative correlation when AMO leads GMV by approximately 4–8 *** experiments using a climate model driven by observed AMO signals reveal that the tropical Atlantic warm SST anomalies of AMO initiate anomalous cooling in the equatorial central-eastern Pacific through atmospheric teleconnections. Anticyclonic anomalies in the North and South Pacific induce equatorward winds along the coasts of North and South America, contributing to further cooling. The upper-ocean dynamics plays a minor role in GMV formation but contributes to a delayed response of the IPO to the AMO forcing. The possible impact of the GMV on AMO was also tested by prescribing only Pacific SST in the model; however, the model could not reproduce the observed phase relationship between the AMO and the GMV. These results support the hypothesis that the Atlantic Ocean plays a key role in the multidecadal variability of global SST.

关键词： global-scale multidecadal variability Atlantic multidecadal oscillation atmospheric teleconnection interdecadal Pacific oscillation

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An Intelligent Ranking Evaluation Method of simulation Models Based on Graph Neural Network 15th

An Intelligent Ranking Evaluation Method of Simulation Model...

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15th EAI International Conference on simulation Tools and Techniques, SIMUTools 2023

作者： Yang, Fan Ma, Ping Zhang, Jianchao Cheng, Huichuan Li, Wei Yang, Ming Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China National Key Laboratory of Complex System Modeling and Simulation Harbin150080 China Chinese Aeroengine Research Institute Beijing101304 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031575228

To validate the alternative simulation models and select the most credible one when the models have multivariate and correlated outputs, an intelligent ranking evaluation method of simulation models based on Graph Neural Network (GNN) is proposed. The process of ranking evaluation is divided into three parts: graph structure conversion for evaluation data, feature extraction based on Graph Representation Learning (GRL) and ranking evaluation based on feature distance. A graph structure modeling method is presented to provide the pre-define graph structure for further GRL primarily. Next the interdependencies and dynamic evolutionary patterns among variables are captured by GNN so that the graph representations of evaluation data can be obtained. Then ranking evaluation is achieved by similarity measurement of the graph representations. In the end, the effectiveness of the proposed method on feature extraction of evaluation data and simulation models ranking is illustrated through an application example on a prediction model for aerodynamic parameters of a certain flight vehicle. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Feature extraction

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