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Experimental insights into anchorage performance of en-echelon joints under cyclic shear loading

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2025年第3期35卷 399-416页

作者： Bin Wang Qiangyong Zhang Yujing Jiang Kang Duan Hongbin Chen Research Center of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Graduate School of Engineering Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852-8521Japan School of Civil Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China

Understanding the anchorage performance of en-echelon joints under cyclic shear loading is crucial for optimizing support strategies in jointed rock *** study examines the anchorage effects on enechelon joints with various orientations using laboratory cyclic shear *** comparing unbolted and bolted en-echelon joints,we analyze shear zone damage,shear properties,dilatancy,energy absorption,and acoustic emission characteristics to evaluate anchoring effects across shear cycles and joint *** reveal that bolted en-echelon joints experience more severe shear zone damage after cycles,with bolt deformation correlating to shear zone *** en-echelon joints exhibit faster shear strength deterioration and higher cumulative strength loss compared to unbolted ones,with losses ranging from 20.04%to 72.76%.The compressibility of en-echelon joints reduces the anchoring effect during shear cycles,leading to lower shear strength of bolted en-echelon joints in later stages of shear cycles compared to unbolted *** reinforce en-echelon joints more effectively at non-positive angles,with the best performance observed at 0°and-60°.Anchorage accelerates the transition from rolling friction to sliding friction in the shear zone,enhancing energy absorption,which is crucial for rock projects under dynamic shear ***,rock bolts expedite the transition of the cumulative AE hits and cumulative AE energy curves from rapid to steady growth,indicating that strong bolt-rock interactions accelerate crack initiation,propagation,and energy release.

关键词： En-echelon joints Shear strength deterioration Cyclic shear test Anchorage performance Energy absorption characteristics Acoustic emission

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Shear behaviors of intermittent joints subjected to shearing cycles under constant normal stiffness conditions: Effects of loading parameters

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and geotechnical engineering 2025年第5期17卷 2695-2712页

作者： Wang, Bin Jiang, Yujing Zhang, Qiangyong Chen, Hongbin Research Center of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Shandong University Ji'nan 250061 China of Engineering Nagasaki University Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan

A conceptual model of intermittent joints is introduced to the cyclic shear test in the laboratory to explore the effects of loading parameters on its shear behavior under cyclic shear loading. The results show that the loading parameters (initial normal stress, normal stiffness, and shear velocity) determine propagation paths of the wing and secondary cracks in rock bridges during the initial shear cycle, creating different morphologies of macroscopic step-path rupture surfaces and asperities on them. The differences in stress state and rupture surface induce different cyclic shear responses. It shows that high initial normal stress accelerates asperity degradation, raises shear resistance, and promotes compression of intermittent joints. In addition, high normal stiffness provides higher normal stress and shear resistance during the initial cycles and inhibits the dilation and compression of intermittent joints. High shear velocity results in a higher shear resistance, greater dilation, and greater compression. Finally, shear strength is most sensitive to initial normal stress, followed by shear velocity and normal stiffness. Moreover, average dilation angle is most sensitive to initial normal stress, followed by normal stiffness and shear velocity. During the shear cycles, frictional coefficient is affected by asperity degradation, backfilling of rock debris, and frictional area, exhibiting a non-monotonic behavior. © 2025 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

关键词： Constant normal stiffness (CNS) Cyclic shear Intermittent joint Loading parameter

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Manipulating local CO_(2)/H_(2)O ratio in electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction toward multi-carbon product

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Rare Metals 2025年第1期44卷 60-80页

作者： Na Qiu Wei Lu Hai-Qing Wang College of City and Architecture Engineering Zaozhuang UniversityZaozhuang 277160China Research Center of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China

Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)has been developed as a promising and attractive strategy to close the anthropogenic carbon *** various reduction products,multi-carbon(C_(2+))oxygenate and hydrocarbon compounds are desirable value-added fuels or *** researches have revealed the crucial role of local CO_(2)and H_(2)O concentrations(or the adsorption of ^(*)CO and ^(*)H)close to the electrode/catalyst surface in manipulating multi-carbon generation *** this mini reviews,we mainly summarized the recent progress of this field over the past five *** modulating strategies for the hydrogen and carbon species ratio can be divided into three categories,i.e.,catalyst morphology,electrolyte composition and mass *** effectiveness of the aforementioned strategies in promoting multi-carbon product selectivity was discussed in detail from the perspectives of tuning the local CO_(2)and H_(2)O concentrations and the subsequent thermodynamic-and kinetic-controlled ^(*)CO and ^(*)H ***,the critical challenges remaining in balancing the ratio of CO_(2)and H_(2)O as well as potential upgrading directions for future research are addressed.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction Electrocatalysis Multi-carbon product CO_(2)/H_(2)O ratio Local environment

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Dynamic impact simulation tests of deep roadways affected by high stress and fault slip

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2025年第4期35卷 519-537页

作者： Qi Wang Yuncai Wang Zhenhua Jiang Hongpu Kang Chong Zhang Bei Jiang State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering China University of Mining&Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China Research Center of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China China Coal Research Institute China Coal Technology&Engineering GroupBeijing 100013China

As coal mining depth increases,the combined effects of high stress,mining stress,and fault structures make dynamic impact hazards more *** reproduction of dynamic impact phenomena is basis for studying their occurrence patterns and control *** simulation test represents an efficacious ***,there is currently a lack of simulation devices that can effectively simulate two types of dynamic impact phenomena,including high stress and fault slip dynamic *** solve aforementioned issues,the physical simulation test system for dynamic impact in deep roadways developed by authors is employed to carry out comparative tests of high stress and fault slip dynamic *** phenomena of high stress and fault slip dynamic impact are reproduced successfully.A comparative analysis is conducted on dynamic phenomena,stress evolution,roadway deformation,and support *** high stress dynamic impact roadway instability mode,which is characterized by the release of high energy accompanied by symmetric damage,and the fault slip dynamic impact roadway instability mode,which is characterized by the propagation of unilateral stress waves accompanied by asymmetric damage,are *** the basis,the differentiated control concepts for different types of dynamic impact in deep roadways are proposed.

关键词： Deep roadway Dynamic impact simulation High stress Fault slip Occurrence law

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Fracture behavior of sandstone with partial filling flaw under mixed-mode loading: Three-point bending tests and discrete element method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and geotechnical engineering 2025年第1期17卷 291-308页

作者： Dongdong Ma Yu Wu Xiao Ma Xunjian Hu Wenbao Dong Decheng Li Lingyu Li State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China State Key Laboratory of Structural Health and Safety of Bridges Wuhan430034China Research Center of Coastal and Urban Geotechnical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China

The fracture behavior of natural fracture in the geological reservoir subjected to filling property,affects the crack initiation and propagation under stress *** filling flaws were intermediate between open fractures and filled fractures,the fracture response may be worth *** this work,the effect of the filling property of sandstone with partial filling flaws on the fracture behavior was systematically investigated based on three-point bending tests and the numerical approach of discrete element method(DEM).In the laboratory,semi-circular three-point bending tests were carried out with partial filling flaws of various filling *** on this,numerical simulations were used to further investigate the effect of the filling ratio and the inclination of the partial filling flaw on the mechanical and fracture responses,and the effect of the partial filling flaw under mixed-mode loading on the fracture mechanism was elucidated coupled with acoustic emission(AE)*** obtained results showed that the increase in filling strength and filling ratio of partial filling flaw led to an increase in peak strength,with a decreasing trend in peak strength with the inclination of partial filling *** terms of crack propagation pattern,the increasing filling strength of the partial filling flaw induced the transformation of the fracture mechanism toward deflection,with a tortuosity path,while the filling ratio and inclination of partial filling flaw led to fracture mechanism change from deflection to penetration and attraction,accompanied with a larger AE event source in ***,the b-value based on the Gutenberg-Richter equation fluctuated between 5 and 4 at low filling ratio and inclination and remained around 5 at high filling ratio and inclination of partial filling *** results may provide an application prospective for reservoir stimulation using the natural fracture system.

关键词： Partial filling flaw Mixed-mode loading Semi-circular three-point bending Acoustic emission(AE) b-value

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Multiborehole 3D direct current resistivity detection method for grouting monitoring and evaluation in tunnels: A case study in Northwest China

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Geophysics 2025年第3期90卷 B143-B155页

作者： Zhang, Yongheng Liu, Zhengyu Bai, Peng Gao, Chao Guo, Qian Liu, Benchao University of Jinan School of Water Conservancy and Environment Jinan China Shandong University Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center Jinan China Shandong University School of Civil Engineering Jinan China Shandong University State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering Jinan China Shandong University School of Future Technology Jinan China

Low-frequency electrical methods are increasingly being used for detecting water-bearing structures within tunnels, particularly through boreholes on the tunnel face, such as horizontal probe boreholes and grouting boreholes. This case study focuses on grouting process monitoring and evaluation in an under-river tunnel located in Northwest China. The geologic conditions of the tunnel pose a considerable risk for water inrush, with several notable incidents having previously occurred. This has resulted in tunnel construction being delayed by over two years. In this case study, a probing borehole reveals a large stream of water flow, and grouting is needed to prevent the potential threat of a water inrush disaster. To guide the grouting operation, multiborehole 3D direct current resistivity detections are conducted. Novel electrode arrays and arrangements are developed for the irregularly distributed boreholes on the tunnel face, with their feasibility and effectiveness verified through numerical analysis. Furthermore, the attributes of the two tomography modes are discussed. Based on our method, two detections are carried out before and after grouting to monitor and evaluate the grouting results. The initial detection results provide a basis for selecting grouting positions. However, the water stream in the boreholes further increases after this grouting. Subsequent detection results indicate a shift in the position of the water-bearing structures. The interpretation result indicates that the high-pressure grouting may have induced extra fractures in the surrounding rock, leading to a shift in the position of the water-bearing structures. The constructors then have adopted an appropriate grouting strategy and successfully passed through this fractured section. This case study highlights the effective application of the multiborehole 3D electrical detection method for monitoring and evaluating grouting. © 2025 Society of Exploration Geophysicists. All rights reserved.

关键词： Boreholes

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Micro-Mechanical Analysis of the Failure Process of Conglomerate: Insights from DEM Simulation with Physics-Based Gravel Structure

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Rock Mechanics and Rock engineering 2025年 1-20页

作者： Duan, Kang Wang, Luchao Li, Jiarun Zhang, Qiangyong Li, Xuejian Jiang, Rihua School of Civil Engineering Shandong University Jinan China Research Center of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Shandong University Jinan China

Revealing the evolution and microscopic mechanism of fractures in heterogeneous conglomerates is critical for the development of conglomerate reservoirs. This study establishes a real gravel contour database and develops a technology for random delivery of gravel and a discrete element model, to explicitly characterize conglomerate geometric heterogeneity. Through triaxial compression simulation under varying confining pressures, the influence of gravel microstructure on dynamic crack propagation is analyzed. The failure mode of conglomerate transitions from tensile failure under uniaxial condition to shear failure under low confining pressure and cataclastic flow under high confining pressure. Failure behavior is controlled by both local stress concentration induced by gravel heterogeneity and external loads, exhibiting distinct stage characteristics. During the elastic stage, concentrations of tensile and shear stress develop at the cementation surfaces of gravel edge and adjacent gravel contact points, initiating microcracks. In the plastic stage, cracks propagate into the gravel and matrix, with high tensile and shear stresses emerging at the gravel edges and interiors. Gravel boundary cracks, primarily controlled by the geometry and distribution of gravel, may converge to form "Y" or "wing" cracks. Gravel-penetrating cracks, controlled by external loading, propagate based on gravel curvature: cracks penetrate gravels with similar curvature, while propagating toward gravels of smaller curvature when the curvature differences is significant, forming multiple clusters of cracks. During peak and post-peak stages, tensile or shear stress regions coalesce, causing microcracks to aggregate into main fractures that propagating along boundary stress directions. Increasing confining pressure enhances specimen damage, promoting shear fractures formation. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Stress concentration

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Risk Assessment of Tunnel Water Inrush Based on FAHP-Attribute Interval Recognition Method

Risk Assessment of Tunnel Water Inrush Based on FAHP-Attribu...

引用

International Conference on Geotechnics and Hydraulic Structure, GHS 2024

作者： Chen, Zhou Xu, Jing Li, Guoqing Qin, Ran Wei, Yunbo Nie, Lichao Chen, Changsheng Shen, Qi School of Earth Science and Engineering Hohai University Jiangsu Nanjing210098 China Yunnan Dianzhong Water Diversion Project Construction Administration Yunnan Kunming650000 China Yunnan Dianzhong Water Diversion Engineering Co. Ltd. Yunnan Kunming650000 China Research Center of Geotechnical & Structural Engineering Shandong University Shandong Jinan250061 China Three Gorges Geotechnical Consultants Co. Ltd. Hubei Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031857867

Water inrush events are highly likely to occur during tunnel construction, making it essential to study risk assessment methods for tunnel water inrush disasters and classify the risk levels. This paper considers static risk factors, primarily based on geological conditions, and dynamic risk factors during the construction period as evaluation indexes, and establishing an assessment system for the risk indexes of water inrush. A Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) combined with an attribute interval detection method is proposed to analyze the attribute measures of these indexes. The principles of maximum membership and the confidence criterion are employed to assess the attributes, and determining the risk degree of water inrush in the tunnel. A case study is conducted to evaluate the risk of water inrush in the Xianglushan Tunnel of the Dianzhong Diversion Project and is compared with other methods. The results indicate that the assessment aligns with the actual excavation conditions, thereby confirming the validity of this approach. By incorporating dynamic assessment factors, the FAHP attribute interval identification method is employed to establish a water inrush assessment system that can serve as a reference for the dynamic risk assessment of water inrush damage in tunnel construction. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Study on the convergence mode of shield tunnel section during proximity pile foundation excavation

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Yanshilixue Yu Gongcheng Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and engineering 2025年第5期44卷 1180-1190页

作者： Zhang, Qianqing Liu, Jinghang Wang, Maolin Liu, Shanwei Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center Shandong University Shandong Jinan250061 China Shandong Dezhou251100 China

To reveal the deformation characteristics of soil in the shield tunnels section during proximity pile foundation excavation and to establish the convergence model for the tunnel excavation section. A model test of shield tunnel excavation adjacent to piles was carried out in this paper. Based on the data collected using a developed monitoring device for soil displacement in the tunnel section，the soil deformation law of excavation section under various conditions was analyzed. Additionally，a loss contour for the tunnel section exhibiting a non-uniform convergence mode was proposed. A mapping function expression for the Laurent series of the tunnel excavation loss section was established based on the theory of complex functions. The results indicated that the deformation of the tunnel arch bottom lagged behind that of the tunnel vault，and the deformation of the soil around the tunnel section was restrained by the adjacent piles. Comparisons between the calculated and measured values were made to evaluate the validity of the mapping function expression for the tunnel excavation loss section. © 2025 Academia Sinica. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tunneling (excavation)

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Permeability evolution of the rock–concrete interface in underground high-pressure gas storage

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and geotechnical engineering 2025年

作者： Wang, Meng Chen, Bing Xu, Jiwei Gong, Yu'an Gao, Xinyi Li, Xuekai Li, Mengtian Liu, Rentai School of Civil Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250061 China Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center Shandong University Jinan 250061 China School of Qilu Transportation Shandong University Jinan 250061 China

The structural integrity of the interface between a concrete plug and the surrounding rock may be compromised during frequent cycles of air charging, discharging, and storage, which is typical of compressed air energy storage systems in abandoned mines. To investigate this, nitrogen permeability tests were conducted on the interface samples of rock–concrete interface in both consolidated and unconsolidated states under cyclic loading. The variations in the flow rate throughout the permeability process under different cycle numbers and load range conditions were investigated. The microscopic analysis at the interfaces was imaged using computed tomography scanning. The results indicated that the gas permeability of the cemented interfaces with different roughness values varied with confining pressure ranging from 10⁻¹³ m² to 10⁻¹² m², whereas that of the non-cemented interfaces ranged from 10⁻¹² m² to 10⁻¹¹ m². A larger load variation range encompassed the permeability variation characteristics within a smaller variation range. The evolution pattern of the permeability ratio with the number of cycles was influenced by the inlet pressure. The greater the inlet pressure, the larger the increment ratio of the permeability. The permeability change patterns of interfaces with different roughness values were similar. Microscopic analysis revealed that pores inside the concrete were connected to the interface gaps. Under the coupling of stress and gas pressure, the gas could penetrate the crack tips or pores, accelerating the development of microcracks during the cyclic opening and closing of the pores. This study provides valuable insights into the safe long-term operation of underground high-pressure air storage. © 2025 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

关键词： Compressed air energy storage (CAES) Cyclic loading Gas permeability Microscopic analysis Rock–concrete interface

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