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Biomordant assisted natural dyeing of cellulosic fibre: a greener approach

Materials research Innovations 2025年第1期29卷 27-34页

作者： Chowdhury, Tanvir Ahmed Khandaker, Jahirul Islam Gafur, Mohammad Abdul Repon, Md. Reazuddin Islam, Md. Kamrul Hossain, Alamgir Mollick, Swaraz Department of Physics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Textile Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh Pilot Plant & Process Development Centre Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems School of Chemical Engineering Aalto University Espoo Finland Department of Production Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design Kaunas University of Technology Kaunas Lithuania Department of Textile Engineering Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore Bangladesh

Natural dyes serve as a benign alternative to their synthetic counterparts, offering a sustainable option that directly mitigates the release of toxic chemicals. In this study, cotton fabrics were dyed with neem leaf extract in acidic, neutral and alkaline condition where samples were mordanted with lemon juice. The findings revealed a direct correlation between colour strength (K/S) and pH levels, and optimal fastness properties were achieved under alkaline pH conditions when a mordant was employed. The Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) ensured the elemental composition of lemon juice assisted dyed fabric which indicates the effective binding of cotton fabric with neem leaves extracted dye. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy analysis also confirmed the interaction of cotton fabric with dye particles. The results indicate that cotton fabric can be successfully dyed with neem leaf extract and lemon juice as the biomordant, presenting an eco-friendly and sustainable approach to dyeing practices. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis group.

关键词： Cotton fabrics

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Investigation of factors affecting on viscosity reduction of sludge from Iranian crude oil storage tanks

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Petroleum Science 2018年第3期15卷 634-643页

作者： Masoumeh Hassanzadeh Leila Tayebi Hedieh Dezfouli Chemical Process Design Research Group ACECR Faculty of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

Crude oil is a kind of water/oil emulsion, which the oil phase consists of organic molecules with different molecular weights such as alkanes, paraffin, asphaltene, and resins. Due to the change in physicochemical conditions during the production, transportation, storage, and refining, heavier molecules can precipitate from crude oil. Thus, viscous sludge formed at the bottom of storage tanks can cause many problems including reduction of storage capacity of tank, oil contamination, corrosion, repair costs, environmental pollution, etc. The reduction of sludge viscosity can be achieved by reduction of its interfacial tension. In this study, different chemical and physical factors, influencing prepared emulsions（made of sludge, water and surfactant）, such as surfactants, solvents, temperature, pressure, and mixing conditions were investigated. Results showed that non-ionic surfactants（like bitumen emulsifier）, and solvents（such as mixed xylene, AW-400, and AW-402）, injection of additives, applying pressure, and mixing operations had a positive effect on reduction of emulsion viscosity. All experiments were carried out with sludge obtained from crude oil storage tanks at Kharg Island,Iran.

关键词： Surfactant Emulsion Sludge Storage tank Crude oil

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High cycling stability, hydrogen-bonds strengthening Mg(NO3)2·6H2O-propionamide composite phase change materials as energy storage material for solar thermal system

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Journal of Energy Storage 2025年 125卷

作者： Liu, Cheng Zhang, Yi Zhang, Pengrui Ding, Yigang Sun, Jinhe Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan430073 China Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining810008 China Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Xining810008 China Qinghai Chemical Design and Research Institute Co. Ltd Xining810008 China

A multitude of composite phase change materials (PCM) systems have been developed, resulting in significant advancements in the efficiency of solar thermal storage systems. However, there is a paucity of inorganic-organic composite PCMs systems, and the phase change mechanism remains unclear, which significantly constrains the deployment and advancement of this category of PCMs. To address this gap in the literature, this team has developed a novel organic-inorganic composite PCM system using 30 wt% Mg(NO3)2·6H2O (MNH) and 70 wt% propanamide (POA) as raw materials. The thermal physical properties of the PCMs were initially analyzed, and the results demonstrated that the PCMs exhibited favourable latent heat and thermal cycling stability. The melting point was found to be 376.2 K, with a latent heat of melting of 131.93 J·g−1. It was observed that the melting temperature and latent heat remained essentially unaltered after 500 cycles. Subsequently, the structure of the PCMs was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Ultimately, the interaction between liquid MNH and POA was modeled using molecular dynamics, allowing for a deeper understanding of the phase transition mechanism. It is hypothesized that the hydrogen bonds (HBs) between the two substances affects the physical bond, and that HBs contribute to the PCMs having good stability and a high thermal decomposition temperature. The rational mechanism of this phenomenon is explained from many aspects, including structure, Hirshfeld surface and thermal analysis. It is anticipated that the discovery of this new PCMs will facilitate large-scale applications in solar energy storage. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Hydrodynamics of heterogeneous particle swarms in gas-liquid-solid stirred tanks with free surface studied by DEM-VOF

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Powder Technology 2025年 462卷

作者： E, Dianyu Wen, Yingming Wu, Yiliu Li, Jing Sun, Weifu Liu, Yonggang Chen, Chao Cui, Jiaxin Qiu, Yinxuan Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Particle Technology Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Nanchang330013 China Research Centre for Intelligent Mineral Processing & Metallurgy International Institute for Innovation Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Nanchang330013 China ARC Research Hub for Smart Process Design and Control Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University VIC3800 Australia School of Civil Engineering Southeast University Nanjing211189 China Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing Institute of Technology Jinan250307 China Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou341000 China Xinyu Iron and Steel Group Co. Ltd Xinyu338001 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China School of Chemical Engineering The University of Queensland QLD4072 Australia

Stirred tanks play a pivotal role in material blending, yet there is still a lack of data on inner complex blending mechanism, especially involving heterogeneous particle swarm with different shape combinations. This study extensively develops the DEM-VOF model, in which different drag force models are applied based on the identification of particle shapes. It aims to provide an insight into the blending system dynamics of heterogeneous particle swarms through seven arranged particle schemes building upon three different shapes. The results show that the oblate-prolate ellipsoid particle scheme has the optimal suspension performance, but demonstrates high power consumption. The addition of spherical particles into the oblate-prolate ellipsoid particle scheme has significant effect on particle suspension, fluid flow and the evolution of free surface, while contributes to a reduction in power consumption. This study presents an analysis of the hydrodynamics and optimization of blending systems involving heterogeneous particle swarms in stirred tanks. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Flow of gases

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Wastewater surveillance of open drains for mapping the trajectory and succession of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in 23 cities of Maharashtra state (India) during June 2022 to May 2023

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Heliyon 2025年第4期11卷 e42534页

作者： Matra, Sejal Ghode, Harshada Rajput, Vinay Pramanik, Rinka Malik, Vinita Rathore, Deepak Kumar, Shailendra Kadam, Pradnya Tupekar, Manisha Kamble, Sanjay Dastager, Syed Bajaj, Abhay Qureshi, Asifa Kapley, Atya Karmodiya, Krishanpal Dharne, Mahesh National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM) Biochemical Sciences Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Maharashtra Pune 411008 India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad 201002 India Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division (EBGD) CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) Nehru Marg Nagpur 440020 India Department of Biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Maharashtra Pune 411008 India Chemical Engineering and Process Development (CEPD) Division CSIR-NationaChemical Laboratory Maharashtra Pune 411008 India Environmental Toxicology Group FEST Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg Lucknow 226001 India

The timely detection of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for controlling its spread, especially in areas vulnerable to outbreaks. However, due to a lack of sustainable and low cost methods, early detection of such outbreaks is impacting low to middle-income countries (LMICs). Leveraging Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE), we examined the dissemination and evolution of the SARS CoV2 virus in open drains across urban, suburban and densely populated cities in selected regions in the state of Maharashtra, the third largest state of India. In the period from June 2022 to May 2023, 44.89 % of SARS-CoV-2 RNA were positive in RT-qPCR in wastewater samples collected from open drains across selected regions. Whole genome sequencing revealed 22 distinct SARS-CoV-2 lineages, with the Omicron variant, followed by the XBB variant, dominating, alongside other variants such as BF, BQ, CH, and BA.2.86, albeit with lower frequencies. Wastewater surveillance provided early insights into viral transmission, complementing clinical surveillance. Notably, our study detected emerging variants prior to clinical reporting, highlighting the potential of WBE for early detection. Findings underscore the correlation between population density and the trend of viral load. This study also highlighted the significance of using open drains for WBE as a low-cost, and sustainable tool, especially in LMICs, where adequate methods are lacking or difficult to deploy for accessibility. © The Authors

关键词： COVID-19 LMIC Open drains SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater-based epidemiology WBE Whole genome sequencing

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Particle size distribution in a multi-zone circulating fluidized bed polymerization reactor

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 291-299页

作者： Mohammadhossein Hadadiyan Navid Mostoufi Reza Marandi Process Design and Simulation Research Centre School of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of TehranP.O.Box 11155-4563TehranIran Polymer Research Group Petrochemical Research and Technology CompanyNational Petrochemical CompanyP.O.Box 14358/84711TehranIran

This research focuses on modeling a multi-zone circulating reactor(MZCR)in the polypropylene production *** these reactors,designed for polyolefin production,small catalyst particles(20–300μm)initiate polymerization in the presence of monomer *** reactor consists of two main regions:the riser and the *** riser operates in the fast fluidization and the downer is in the moving bed *** the two-fluid model with the Eulerian-Eulerian approach,the dynamics of both solid and gas phases were modeled by applying Newton's laws of motion and assuming spherical *** population balance of particles within the reactor was also coupled with the equations of *** simultaneous solution of these equations provides valuable insights into particle and fluid behavior,revealing trends such as the growth of polymer ***,the impact of various operating conditions was *** study also examined the effects of design parameters(gas inlet velocity,average inlet diameter,and temperature)on the system *** instance,it was shown that in the case where the solid circulation flux is 30 kg/(m^(2) s)the velocity of particles in the bed increases from 0.4 at the inlet to 1.1 m/s in the fully developed zone,when it is 43 kg/(m^(2) s)the velocity of particles increases from 0.3 to 1.4 m/s,and when it is 55 kg/(m^(2) s),it is increased from 0.22 to 1.5 m/***,trends in particle size distribution based on temperature adjustments were *** study showed that higher temperatures accelerate the polymerization reaction rate,promoting faster growth kinetics and the formation of larger particles.

关键词： Fluidization Polymerization Gas-solid flow Multi-zone circulating reactor(MZCR) CFD-PBM Two-fluidmodel

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Synthesis of Mercapto Ethyl Ester of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate 24

Synthesis of Mercapto Ethyl Ester of Palm Fatty Acid Distill...

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24th Regional Symposium on chemical engineering, RSCE 2017

作者： Putrawan, I Dewa Gede Arsa Azharuddin, Adli Arum, Kartini Ratna Adityawarman, Dendy Rahim, Dicka Ar Research Group on Chemical Product Design and Development Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia Research Group on Chemical Process Design and Development Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia Research Group on Energy and Processing System Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia

This research is aimed to study the synthesis of mercapto ethyl ester of fatty acid (MEFA) using palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD). The synthesis was carried out in a jacketed stirred vessel. Water as a byproduct was removed by using vacuum evaporation. p-Toluene sulfonic acid was used as catalyst. Temperature, mercaptoethanol excess, and catalyst amount were varied during the experiments. The variations ranges were 60-80°C, 5-25 %-mole, and 0.8-3.2 %-mole, respectively. The accomplishment of reaction was evaluated by measuring the mercaptan content and yield of MEFA. The mercaptan content and yield of MEFA were in the ranges of 6.4-8.0% and 64-86%, respectively. It was found that mercaptan content and yield increased with temperature. The optimum temperature was found to be 70°C, considering the mercaptan content, yield, and appearance of the product obtained. A full 22 factorial design at a reaction temperature of 70°C showed that mercaptoethanol excess and catalyst amount had significant effects on the mercaptan content and yield of MEFA. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.

关键词： Fatty acids

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development of a natural coagulant from Albizia lebbeck seeds for application in turbidity removal from water intended for human consumption

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South African Journal of chemical engineering 2025年

作者： Ángel Villabona-Ortiz Candelaria Tejada-Tovar Rodrigo Ortega-Toro Process Design and Biomass Utilization Research Group (IDAB) Chemical Engineering Department Universidad de Cartagena Avenida del Consulado St. 30. Cartagena de Indias Colombia 130015 Food Engineering Department Food Packaging and Shelf-Life Research Group (FP&SL) Universidad de Cartagena Avenida del Consulado St. 30. Cartagena de Indias 130015 Colombia

Surface water is essential as a water resource in small communities, most of which do not have access to potable water; not all resources are safe for human consumption, so treating them with processes that often involve coagulants such as aluminium sulphate is essential and effective. However, aluminium sulphate is often a bioaccumulative compound and represents a risk to human health. For this reason, this research focused on the study of Albizia lebbeck (AL), in order to evaluate its coagulant capacity to remove turbidity in raw water, and to provide more sustainable, safe, and effective treatment alternatives. For the analysis of AL, seed lots were collected in the city of Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia. The turbidity removal efficiency of coagulant prepared with and without oil extraction was determined using the jar test, varying the dose, the percentage of NaCl, the amount of seed powder, and the particle size of the seeds. The results showed that, for AL, the optimum dose is 8.5 mL/L, prepared with 10 g of 0.5 mm seeds at 4% NaCl, obtaining an efficiency of 93.65% and 93.31% with and without oil extraction, respectively. Finally, the removal efficiency and sedimentation time of the prepared natural coagulant were compared with those of aluminium sulphate, where it was found that the latter is more efficient (99.05%) at a lower concentration (2.4 mL/L) and achieved sedimentation in less time (8–9 minutes). However, the coagulant prepared from AL emerges as an environmentally friendly alternative for water clarification processes.

关键词： Drinking water Natural coagulant Oil extraction Turbidity

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The applicability of activities in kinetic expressions: A more fundamental approach to represent the kinetics of the system CO2-OH --salt in terms of activities

The applicability of activities in kinetic expressions: A mo...

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CHISA 2006 - 17th International Congress of chemical and process engineering

作者： Haubrock, J. Hogendoorn, J.A. Versteeg, G.F. University of Twente Dep. of Chemical Engineering Research-Group Design and Development of Industrial Processes Hallenweg 9 7500 AE Enschede Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)8086059456

The applicability of using activities instead of concentrations in kinetic expressions has been investigated using the reaction of CO2 in sodium hydroxide solutions also containing different salts (LiCl, KCl and NaCl) as model system. For hydroxide systems it is known that when the reaction rate constant is based on the use of concentrations in the kinetic expression, this "constant" depends both on the counter-ion in the solution and the ionic strength which is probably caused by the strong non-ideal behavior of various components in the solution. Recently it has been shown that the application of activity coefficients in the reaction rate expression substantially diminishes both the influence on the type of counter-ion and the ionic strength of the solution, thus resulting in a constant reaction rate constant. Furthermore the new approach of using activities in kinetic expressions is thermodynamically consistent with the fundamental description of the chemical equilibrium. A series of CO2 absorption experiments in different NaOH (1, 1.5, 2.0 mol/l)-salt (LiCl, NaCl or KCl)-water mixtures has been carried out, using salt concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 mol/1 all at a temperature of 298 K. Interpretation of the data required the use of an appropriate equilibrium model, for which, in this case, the Pitzer model was used. The additions of the salts proved to have a major effect on the observed reaction rate. All these salts have the same anion (chloride) hence the impact of the chloride anion on the reaction rate can be expected to be the same in every electrolyte solution. The change in the observed reaction rate was thus due to the difference in cations introduced by the addition of the various salts. The experiments were evaluated with the traditional concentration based approach and the 'new' approach utilizing activity coefficients. With the traditional approach, there is a significant influence of the counter-ion and the hydroxide concentration on the reaction

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Hydrodynamic evaluation of a filter bed of porous material from stratified sedimentary rocks for the removal of turbidity in surface waters

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South African Journal of chemical engineering 2022年 39卷 97-105页

作者： Villabona-Ortíz, Angel Tejada-Tovar, Candelaria López-Barbosa, David Chemical Engineering Department Process Design and Biomass Utilization Research Group (IDAB) Universidad de Cartagena Avenida del Consulado St. 30. Cartagena de Indias 130015 Colombia

In this study, the behavior of a filter bed of stratified sedimentary rocks was evaluated through the analysis of turbidity removal efficiency and head losses. Two types of sands were used as materials, fine and medium, as well as crushed limestone. The materials were characterized to determine the average particle diameter, porosity, and permeability coefficient, obtaining respectively 0.17 mm, 0.39, and 1 × 10⁻³ cm/s for fine sand, 0.33 mm, 0.41, and 3 × 10⁻³ cm/s for medium sand, and 1.26 mm, 0.45, and 1 × 10⁻² cm/s for crushed limestone. Hydrodynamic analyses of the clean filter under conditions of rapid filtration were carried out, by which the different rates of filtration to be used in each experiment were determined, establishing a direct correlation between the rate of filtration and the thickness of the bed;in this way, it was possible to determine the maximum bed thickness that could be used to maintain a rate of rapid filtration higher than 120 m/day. A hydrodynamic study with synthetic turbid water prepared at 8 NTU using tap water and bentonite was also carried out. Total head losses and turbidity removal were studied for each material at a rate of 153 m/day with removal efficiencies of 93.7% for medium sand with a loss of 23 cm and 67.8% for limestone with a loss of 4.5 cm and a rate of 389 m/day. It is recommended to use the medium sand and limestone type material for use in surface water filtration processes. © 2021 The Authors

关键词： Bed Filtration Limestone Sand Stratification Surface water Turbidity

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