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(CSMR) European Conference on software Maintenance and Reengineering

作者： Camila Nunes Alessandro Garcia Eduardo Figueiredo Carlos Lucena Informatics Department-Opus Research Group Software Engineering Lab PUC-Rio Rio de Janeiro Brazil Computer Science Department Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

Concern mapping is the activity of assigning a stakeholder's concern to its corresponding elements in the source code. This activity is primordial to guide software maintainers in several tasks, such as understanding and restructuring the implementation of existing concerns. Even though different techniques are emerging to facilitate the concern mapping process, they are still manual and error-prone according to recent studies. Existing work does not provide any guidance to developers to review and correct concern mappings. In this context, this paper presents the characterization and classification of eight concern mapping mistakes commonly made by developers. These mistakes were found to be associated with various properties of concerns and modules in the source code. The mistake categories were derived from actual mappings of 10 concerns in 12 versions of industry systems. In order to further evaluate to what extent these mistakes also occur in wider contexts, we ran two experiments where 26 subjects mapped 10 concerns in two systems. Our experimental results confirmed the mapping mistakes that often occur when developers need to interact with the source code.

关键词： Cloning Context software Accuracy Logistics Industries Manuals

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Management towards reducing cloud usage costs

Management towards reducing cloud usage costs

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Latin American Network Operations and Management Symposium, (LANOMS)

作者： Vladimir Tosic Hiroshi Wada Adnene Guabtni Kevin Lee Anna Liu Software Systems Research Group NICTA Sydney Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia School of Information Technologies University of Sydney Sydney Australia

Summary form only given. Many organizations are attracted to cloud computing as an ICT (information and communications technology) sourcing model that can improve flexibility and total cost of ICT systems. However, it can be difficult for a prospective cloud customer to determine and manage cloud usage costs. We present an overview of several NICTA research projects that aim at providing information that can help ICT professionals determine various cloud usage costs and make decisions that are appropriate from the business viewpoint. Before migrating an application into a cloud, it is necessary to choose to which cloud to migrate, because there is a huge variety of cloud offerings, with significantly different pricing models. To accurately capture projected operating costs of an application in a particular cloud and enable side-by-side comparison of cloud offerings from different providers, NICTA developed a cost estimation tool that calculates the costs based on usage patterns and other characteristics of the application. This tool can also be used during runtime as an input into making adaptation/control decisions. To collect various runtime metrics (e.g., about the amount of transferred data or received quality of service - QoS) that are necessary for operational management and assessment of cloud usage costs, NICTA developed an innovative tool for flexible and integrated monitoring of applications in clouds and (in case of hybrid clouds) related local data centers. To help determine which runtime adaptation/control decisions are best from the business viewpoint (e.g., incur lowest cost), we extended the WS-Policy4MASC language and MiniZnMASC middleware for autonomic business-driven IT management with events and adaptation actions relevant for cloud management. The tools from the presented projects can be used separately or as parts of a powerful integrated cloud management system (which contains several additional tools).

关键词： Educational institutions Runtime Business Australia software systems Estimation Cloud computing

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Analysis of Response Time Percentile Service Level Agreements in SOA-Based Applications

Analysis of Response Time Percentile Service Level Agreement...

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2011 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference - GLOBECOM 2011

作者： Keerthana Boloor Rada Chirkova Tiia Salo Yannis Viniotis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA IBM Software Group Research Triangle Park NC USA Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

A large number of enterprise, web-based, distributed software applications are designed on Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) principles and hosted in large scale datacenters managed by cloud providers. Typically, Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are negotiated between the consumers of the cloud platform services and the cloud provider. In this work, we consider SLAs that involve percentiles of response times as part of the performance metrics; the SLAs stipulate that a penalty be charged to the cloud provider if the SLA targets are not met. The main motivation for considering such SLAs is their potential for price differentiation. We focus our analysis on the effects the penalty function has on the achieved response time percentiles. In particular, we analyze the effect of three commonly deployed choices (linear, exponential or step-wise functions) to relate the penalty charged and the achieved percentile. This analysis is NP-hard, so we employ a heuristic algorithm that is based on simulated annealing. Our results indicate that the linear penalty charging function is "best'' in the sense that it maximizes the achieved response time percentiles.

关键词： Time factors Schedules Simulated annealing Servers Resource management Heuristic algorithms IEEE Communications Society

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Link quality ranking: Getting the best out of unreliable links

Link quality ranking: Getting the best out of unreliable lin...

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International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (DCOSS)

作者： Marco Zuniga Izabela Irzynska Jan-Hinrich Hauer Thiemo Voigt Carlo A. Boano Kay Roemer Networked Embedded Systems Group University of Duisburg-Essen Germany Digital Enterprise Research Institute National University of Ireland Galway Ireland Telecommunication Networks Group Technical University Berlin Germany Swedish Institute of Computer Science Kista Sweden Institute of Computer Engineering University of Lübeck Germany

Link quality estimation has been an active area of research within the wireless sensor network community. It is now well known that the estimation of reliable links requires few sample packets - less than 10, while the estimation of unreliable links require many more - above 50. In scenarios where unreliable links are ubiquitous, and a rapid transfer of data is needed, traditional estimation techniques are not a viable option. In such scenarios, it is instead sufficient to identify the best link available at any given time. Within this context, we propose Link Quality Ranking (LQR), a mechanism that identifies the best link available when only unreliable links are present. Our testbed results indicate that with one sample packet, the delivery rate of LQR - with respect to the best link available - is above 93%. With 10 sample packets, the performance is above 96%.

关键词： Measurement Entropy Probes Accuracy Estimation Receivers Uncertainty

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Measuring Structural Quality of Object-Oriented softwares via Bug Propagation Analysis on Weighted software networks

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Journal of computer Science & Technology 2010年第6期25卷 1202-1213页

作者：潘伟丰李兵马于涛覃叶宜周晓燕 State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Wuhan University School of Computer Wuhan University Complex Networks Research Center Wuhan University

The quality of a software system is partially determined by its structure（topological structure）,so the need to quantitatively analyze the quality of the structure has become *** this paper a novel metric called software quality of structure（SQoS） is presented for quantitatively measuring the structural quality of object-oriented（OO） softwares via bug propagation analysis on weighted software networks（WSNs）.First,the software systems are modeled as a WSN,weighted class dependency network（WCDN）,in which classes are nodes and the interaction between every pair of classes if any is a directed edge with a weight indicating the probability that a bug in one class will propagate to the *** we analyze the bug propagation process in the WCDN together with the bug proneness of each class,and based on this,a metric（SQoS） to measure the structural quality of OO softwares as a whole is *** approach is evaluated in two case studies on open source Java programs using different software structures（one employs design patterns and the other does not） for the same OO *** results of the case studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed *** approach is fully automated by a tool written in Java.

关键词： bug propagation design pattern object-oriented（OO） software software network structural quality

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Use of Gray codes for optimizing the search of (shortened) cyclic single burst-correcting codes

Use of Gray codes for optimizing the search of (shortened) c...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Luis Javier García Villalba José René Fuentes Cortez Ana Lucila Sandoval Orozco Mario Blaum Group of Analysis Security and Systems (GASS) Department of Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (DISIA) School of Computer Science Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain IBM Almaden Research Center San Jose CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705960

In a previous work [5] it was shown that the best measure for the efficiency of a single burst-correcting code is obtained using the Gallager bound as opposed to the Reiger bound. In this paper, an algorithm that optimizes the search for the best (shortened) cyclic burst-correcting codes is presented. The use of Gray codes in the algorithm optimizes the search, in the sense that no repeated syndromes are computed.

关键词： Polynomials Generators Reflective binary codes Systematics Block codes computers

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Chronic pain rehabilitation with a serious game using multimodal input

Chronic pain rehabilitation with a serious game using multim...

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International Workshop on Virtual Rehabilitation

作者： Christian Schönauer Thomas Pintaric Hannes Kaufmann Stephanie Jansen - Kosterink Miriam Vollenbroek-Hutten Interactive Media Systems Group Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems University of Technology Vienna Austria Roessingh Research and Development Enschede Netherlands Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente Enschede Netherlands

Rehabilitation for chronic pain follows a multidisciplinary approach, which despite the effort, often lacks the long term success and patients often fail to translate the skills learned in therapy to every day life. Serious games are hypothesized to support patients to self manage their complaints and keep training their physical functions by themselves, especially, when the game is controlled by the patient's own body performance. In this paper we present the implementation of a system providing multimodal input, including our own full body motion capture system, a low cost motion capture system (Microsoft Kinect) and biosignal acquisition devices to a game engine. In addition, a workflow has been established, that enables the use of the acquired multimodal data for serious games in a medical environment. Finally, a serious game has been implemented, targeting rehabilitation of patients with chronic pain of the lower back and neck. The focus of this work is on the multimodal input and how it is used in a game to support rehabilitation of chronic pain patients. A brief comparison of a marker-based full body MoCap system and Microsoft's Kinect is included. Preliminary results of tests currently underway are provided.

关键词： Games Skeleton Pain Cameras Muscles Tracking Calibration

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Requirements uncertainty in a software product line

Requirements uncertainty in a software product line

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15th International software Product Line Conference, SPLC 2011

作者： Nolan, Andy J. Abrahão, Silvia Clements, Paul C. Pickard, Andy Rolls-Royce SIN C-3 Rolls-Royce Plc PO Box 31 Derby DE24 8BJ United Kingdom ISSI Research Group Department of Computer Science Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University 4500 5th Avenue Pittsburgh PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769544878

A complex system's requirements almost always remain uncertain late into its software development. In gas turbine engine control systems at Rolls-Royce, for a traditional project (non-product line) typically 50% of requirements will change between Critical Design Review and Entry into Service. Requirements uncertainty is particularly relevant when defining the scope of a software Product Line. If the core asset team fails to recognise or accommodate requirements uncertainty, changes will manifest later in the product line. If the core asset team over-compensates by adding too much functionality or variability to account for a wide range of uncertainty, they will invest effort that may never be required. The optimal balance can be found through an application of requirements uncertainty analysis and understanding the balance between the impact of risk and mitigation effort. This paper first describes the use of the requirements uncertainty analysis technique at Rolls-Royce for traditional (non-product line) software development and then explains how this technique works in the context of a software product line. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis

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LIR-OSGi: Extends OSGi to support distributed and heterogeneous ubiquitous computing system

LIR-OSGi: Extends OSGi to support distributed and heterogene...

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International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Applications (ICPCA)

作者： Jinzhao Liu Xiaojuan Lu Dan Wang Xin Liu Yongqiang Lu Yu Chen Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China General Hospital of PLA Second Artillery USA Research Institute of Information Technology Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing China System Software and Software Engineering Group Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702099

As an emerging portable service platform, OSGi is now taking a more and more important role in Ubiquitous Computing environment. As a module management framework, OSGi provides the functions of dynamic loading and unloading software modules at runtime. But its use is limited because it is centralized and single programming language supported. In this paper we present LIR-OSGi, an extended framework of OSGi, which is designed to add the distribution and programming language independence to OSGi. Meanwhile it is easy to use for developers because of the transparence of service invocation and automation of distribution. Not like OSGi which can be applied only on the Java platform, LIR-OSGi makes programs which may be written in different programming languages be able to call each other transparently so that it can be applied in many different platforms such as DotNet Framework and so on. This brings much convenience to the program development in a distributed and heterogeneous environment.

关键词： Servers Sockets Indexes Program processors Logic gates Dynamic compiler

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ISM: Intent-perceptible service migration model for IP network survivability

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Tien Tzu Hsueh Pao/Acta Electronica Sinica 2011年第12期39卷 2768-2775页

作者： Zhao, Er-Hu Yang, Xiao-Long Xu, Jie Long, Ke-Ping Zhang, Dan Research Centre for Optical Internet and Mobile Information Networks University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan 611731 China National Key Lab. of Integrated Information System Tech. Institute of Software Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing 100190 China School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China 706 Institute The Second Academy of China Aerospace Beijing 100854 China

The existing service migration methods bring the server cluster heavy burden, and their time spending is so high that seriously affects the service continuity. In order to enhance the survivability of IP network services, the paper puts forward an intent-perceptible service migration model (ISM). In this model, we design a novel trigger mechanism and object selecting method for service migration, and make the service migration intention perceptible for the client with the cooperation of the server. The evaluation results show that ISM model can not only ensure the service invulnerability by maintaining a high randomness of service migration, but also improve the service continuity by reducing the service gap time spending on service migration to the maximum extent. Therefore, ISM model can enhance IP network survivability efficiently.

关键词： Internet protocols

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