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British Telecom technology journal 1996年第4期14卷 46-54页

作者： Tsui, K.C. Azvine, B. Plumbley, M. Hong Kong Polytechnic University of Essex Kings College University of London BT Laboratories Manchester University Dynamics and Control Research Group Engineering Department Manchester University Contr. and Instrum. Research Group Staffordshire University Intelligent Systems Research Group Churchill College Cambridge United Kingdom Thorn-EMI Ctrl. Res. Laboratories Cambridge Univ. Eng. Department Centre for Neural Networks King's College London Department of Computer Science Electron. and Electrical Engineering King's College London United Kingdom European Neural Network Society

This paper describes two computing paradigms known as neural computing and evolutionary computing, and their potential contribution to building intelligent software systems. The paper begins by giving a brief introduction to the origins of each paradigm. Then two sections introduce the basic principles, and identify the role of each paradigm in intelligent system design. Each section ends with a number of applications that have been or are being investigated. These include connection admission control, modem communication, adaptive model-based control, face and handwriting recognition, frequency assignment, help-desk scheduling, financial time-series prediction, face recognition and evolving agent behavior. A section introduces the idea of using communications theory to design neural networks and the paper concludes with the authors' views on the future of neural and evolutionary computing for intelligent software systems.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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The use of roles and measurement to enact project plans in MVP-S 4th

The use of roles and measurement to enact project plans in M...

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4th European Workshop on software Process Technology, EWSPT 1995

作者： Lott, Christopher Hoisl, Barbara Rombach, H. Dieter Research Group for Software Engineering Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautem Kaiserslautern67653 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540592059

software development organizations are beginning to recognize that measurement is a prerequisite for systematic process improvement, and have started to measure their products and processes in order to understand, analyze, plan, and guide their projects. Successful measurement requires a solid understanding of the products, processes, and resources to be measured, an understanding which can only be gained via explicit models. In the MVP Project we are integrating the G/Q/M measurement paradigm with the MVP-L process modeling language in order to guide teams of software developers. This integrated approach is supported by a prototype system, MVP-S, a process-sensitive software engineering environment which offers advanced project guidance using role definitions and measurement data. We motivate the need for measurement, sketch an integration of the measurement and modeling approaches, and demonstrate how MVP-S improves the quality of guidance using measurement. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995.

关键词： Modeling languages

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Data collection in a process-sensitive software engineering environment

Data collection in a process-sensitive software engineering ...

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International Workshop on software Process

作者： P. Giese B. Hoisl C.M. Lott H.D. Rombach Research Group for Software Engineering Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany

All software projects are experiments in the sense of the scientific method because the outcomes are not known in advance, theories and hypotheses may be tested in the project empirically, and data must be collected and analyzed. Empirical data allows us to characterize projects, gauge improvements in an environment, and reason about the value of new technologies. The paper discusses our ideas about practical support for collecting empirical data using a process-sensitive software engineering environment.

关键词： software engineering Data analysis software testing Feedback computer science software quality Current measurement software measurement Technology transfer Programming

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DETERMINISTIC RULE-BASED TRAFFIC DESCRIPTORS FOR BROAD-BAND ISDN - WORST-CASE BEHAVIOR AND ITS IMPACT ON CONNECTION ACCEPTANCE CONTROLS

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 1995年第2期8卷 91-109页

作者： DOSHI, BT HO 3M-335 AT&T Bell Laboratories Holmdel NJ 07733 U.S.A. Bharat T. Doshi is a supervisor in the Performance Analysis Department at AT&T Bell Laboratories Holmdel New Jersey. His group provides analytic support for a variety of AT&T's information management systems telecommunications systems and networks and computer networks in the areas of performance engineering capacity planning and congestion management. His group also conducts research in integrated communication systems and networks. Recent work has concentrated on frame relay networks ATMibroadband ISDN wireless networking and PCS. The focus is in the areas of error controls flow and congestion controls communication protocols routeing strategies network design and fault-tolerant operation. Bharat's research interests include queueing theory and teletraffic theory and their applications to computer and communications systems. He has over sixty publications in a variety of technical journals. Bharat received his B.Tech. from ITT Bombay in 1970 and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Operations Research from Cornell University in 1973 and 1974 respectively. Bharat is member of IEEE and ORSA and Associate Editor of the OR Letters High Speed Networking and Queueing Systems Journals.

Deterministic rule based traffic descriptors in general, and leaky bucket based (LBB) traffic descriptors in particular, offer many advantages over statistical descriptors for specifying and monitoring traffic in the ATM based broadband ISDN (BISDN). However, these traffic descriptors do not specify the traffic pattern uniquely. Thus, acceptance of a connection request with specific traffic descriptor parameter values implies that the network has agreed to guaranteeing the quality of service (QOS) for the worst case traffic compliant with the traffic descriptor (and hence allowed by the monitor). This poses challenges which have not been addressed adequately. Two of the important ones are: (i) definition of the worst case behaviour and characterization of the worst case traffic compliant with the traffic descriptor;(ii) connection acceptance controls (CAC) for the worst case traffic sources compliant with the traffic descriptors. In this paper we address these questions for leaky bucket based (LBB) traffic descriptors. The focus is on the first problem. The implications on the second problem are discussed briefly. The performance measure and QOS requirements are in terms of the cell loss ratios. We first define the worst case behaviour for homogeneous and heterogeneous environments in terms of collective cell loss ratio (CLR)) from the multiplexer. We consider both the unbuffered and buffered cases. However, most of the results here are for the unbuffered case. For the case of an unbuffered multiplexer and homogeneous source environment, we show that a simple on-off source represents the worst case behaviour of an LBB source. In a heterogeneous source traffic environment, the on-off behaviour is the worst only in a limited sense and the use of a collective measure results in anomalous relationships between the source behaviour and the CLR. A more appropriate measure should be based on individual cell loss ratios or on the maximum of the individual CLRs. We analyse L

关键词： ATM CELL LOSS RATIO UNBUFFERED MULTIPLEXER BUFFERED MULTIPLEXER

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Cause-effect graphing analysis and validation of requirements 95

Cause-effect graphing analysis and validation of requirement...

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Proceedings of the 1995 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research

作者： Khenaidoo Nursimulu Robert L. Probert Bell-Northern Research and Telecommunications Software Engineering Research Group Department of Computer Science University of Ottawa 150 Louis Pasteur/Priv. Ottawa Ontario Canada K1N 6N5

Cause-Effect Graphing (CEG) is used to derive test cases from a given natural language specification to validate its corresponding implementation. This paper surveys some known drawbacks to CEG analysis and shows how these can be overcome. It also shows how the CEG technique can be used to derive discriminating customer-directed scenarios (use-cases) for validating requirements.

关键词： cause-effect analysis

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A DISTRIBUTED MEDIA ACCESS PROTOCOL FOR PACKET RADIO networks AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS .2. NETWORK SET-UP TIME AND DATA RATE

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 1995年第1期8卷 49-63页

作者： POND, LC LI, VOK Communication Sciences Electrical Engineering Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-2565 U.S.A. Lawrence C. Pond received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Southern California in 1983 and 1990 respectively. Dr. Pond is currently a scientist at Hughes Space and Communications Company having joined in 1980. He has worked in the fields of communication system design mobile communication network and spacecraft payload design. He is currently working on the development of satellite-based ATM transport and switching architectures for BISDN and Defense Information System Network amlications. Dr. Pond is a member of IEEE. Victor O. K. Li was born in Hong Kong in 1954. He received his SB SM and Sc.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts in 1977 1979 and 1981 respectively. Since February 1981 he has been with the University of Southern California (USC) LOS Angeles California where he is Professor of Electrical Engineering and Director of the USC Communication Sciences Institute. He has published 150 technical papers and has lectured and consulted extensively around the world. His research interests include high-speed communication networks personal communication networks intelligent networks distributed databases queueing theory graph theory and applied probability. Dr. Li is very active in the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) having been a member of the Computer Communications Technical Committee since 1983 and having served as Chairman from 1987–1989. He served as Chairman of the Los Angeles Chapter of the IEEE Information Theory Group from 1983–1985. He is the Steering Committee Chair of the International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (IC3 N) General Chair of the 1st Annual IC3N held in San Diego California in June 1992 General Chair and Technical Program Chair of the 4th IEEE Workshop on Comp

In this, the second part of a two-part paper, the required time for establishing a mobile packet radio network using the virtual circuit and time division multiple access protocol developed in Part 1 is analysed. Tools are developed to determine the virtual circuit and network set-up times in terms of the channel bandwidth allocated to establish and maintain the network. The tools are then extended to include the effects of user mobility. Then these results are combined with the network capacity results of Part 1 to analyse the trade-off between the data rate and set-up time of the network. Next a hierarchical architecture is proposed and the network data rate versus set-up time trade-off of this architecture is analysed using these tools. This architecture is shown to both provide a higher data rate and establish faster than flat networks of the same number of nodes.

关键词： PACKET RADIO NETWORK EPLRS DISTRIBUTED NETWORK TDMA VIRTUAL CIRCUITS MULTIHOP NETWORK BOUNDED DELAY MOBILITY NETWORK SET-UP TIME HIERARCHICAL NETWORK NETWORK DATA RATE

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Development and application of MCAL tools for marine radar instruction

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computer Applications in engineering Education 1995年第4期3卷 259-259页

作者： Guirguis, S. Korany, E. Abdel-Bary, A. Institute of Graduate Studies and Research Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Shawkat K. Guirguis:obtained the BSc and M.Sc. degrees in Computer Science and Automatic Control Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University in 1981 and 1984 respectively. In 1988 he obtained a PhD degree in Electronics and Communications Faculty of Engineering Cairo University co-supervised by the Imperial College of Science and Technology University of London where he spent two years as an academic visitor. His current research interests include software quality management multimedia automatic programming and decision support systems. He is currently a lecturer of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. Ezzat A. Korany:received the BS degree in Electrical Engineering (Electronics Section) from the University of Alexandria Egypt in 1971 the MS degree in Electrical Engineering (Computer Section) from Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt in 1977 and the PhD degree in Electrical Engineering (Digital Systems) from Florida Institute of Technology U.S.A. in 1982. He is currently an associate professor of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research University of Alexandria. His research interests are in data communications and multimedia applications computer networks image processing and pattern recognition. Abdel-Latif A. Abdel-Bary:obtained the BEng degree in Electronics Technology from Arab Maritime Transport Academy in 1986. In 1995 he obtained the MSc degree in Information Technology from the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. His current research interests include ICAL hypermedia and automatic programming.

In this article a multimedia computer-assisted learning (MCAL) system is presented. The major objective of this work was to investigate the potential of using such systems as tools for transferring instructional course information through various types of computer media as opposed to the classic CAL systems. The philosophy and techniques employed to design the system are investigated. Usage of the implemented system and its merits have been illustrated through its application to teach engineering students and technicians the theory and concepts of marine radar. System design, implementation, test, and revision phases are presented and discussed.

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AUTOMATED OPPOSING FORCES FOR TRAINING SIMULATIONS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1995年第3期107卷 245-252页

作者： ANTON, PS MCADOW, KL SMITH, DB LEHNER, PE SHARP, MA Dr. Philip S. Anton:is currently the Terhnology Area Manager of Modeling and Reasoning in the MITRE Advanced Information Technologies Center. His research at MITRE has included behavioral models of military doctrine and command environmental modeling and reasoning for command forces and intelligent simulations of military entities. His other interests include neural networks artificial intelligence and intelligent agents. Dr. Anton received a U.S. degree in Computer Engineering from UCLA and an M.S. degree and a Ph.D in Computational Neuroscience from the University of California. Irvine After finishing nuclear power training Mr. McAdow served as an Engineering Department Division Officer on USS Mariano G. Vallejo (SSBN 658). He then worked as a civilian far the Naval Coastal Systems Center and then far Martin Marietta Aero and Naval Systems in the development of various submarine systems and unmanned undersea vehicles. David Smith:has been a member of the technical staff at MITRE s Advanced Information Technologies center since 1993. He has a B.S. degree in Computer Science and Mathematics from Albright College and an M.S. degree in Information and Computer Science from the Georgia Institute of Technology. Dr. Paul Lehner:is a part-time Principal Scientist in the MITRE Advanced Information Technologies Center. In addition. Dr. Lehner is an Associate Professor of Systems Engineering at George Mason University. His research at MITRE has included automated planning and scheduling adversarial planning and reasoning against uncertainty. Dr. Lehner received a B.S. degree in Psychology from Bethany College. He also holds M.S. degrees in Psychology and Mathematics and a Ph.D. in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Michigan. Prior to his current employment at MITRE and at George Mason University Dr. Lehner served as the Technical Director of the Decision Sciences Section at PAR Government Systems Corporation. After finishing nuclear power training Cdr. Sharp served as an Engineering Department Divisi

Providing realistic opposing forces is critical to the successful use of military training simulations. Unfortunately, a number of issues can make the manual control of realistic opposing forces difficult or unattainable, This paper explores these issues while discussing how Automatic Interactive Targets (AITs) can assist Training Exercise Controllers (TECs) in providing validated and realistic opposing forces in highly interactive situations. The features of the prototype Remote AIT Processing System (RAPS) are used to demonstrate how an AIT system can be designed to meet TEC requirements for automated entities, RAPS can provide remote control of AITs for existing or new systems while providing sufficient features to allow a TEC to appropriately select and control AITs for individual training exercises and crew proficiencies.

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A standard simulation environment: a review of preliminary requirements 94

A standard simulation environment: a review of preliminary r...

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： M.A.F. Wagner S. Sevinc O. Tanir P.L. Haigh J.D. Arthur R.E. Nance H.D. Schwetman SysTech Software Solutions Annandale VA USA Knowledge Systems Group Basser University of Sydney Australia Quality Engineering and Research (QER) Group Longueuil QUE Canada High Performance Software Inc. Dayton OH USA Systems Research Center Department of Computer Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Mesquite Software Inc. Austin TX USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780780321090

The concept of a simulation environment combines different aspects of the simulation process into one complete powerful tool. The environment should provide the necessary state-of-the-art advances and concepts that a modeler may require during the simulation development and execution process. The "environment" requirements must address the end user needs while minimizing the necessity of learning a new language. The requirements must specify the useful features, independent of different platforms and implementation languages. Hence the opportunity exists for standardization of environments. The paper opens a discussion on challenges and rewards awaiting the simulation community with the advent of a standard environment.

关键词： Power system modeling Computational modeling computer simulation Standardization Knowledge based systems Australia Knowledge engineering software performance Drives computer science

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AN OBJECT-ORIENTED ANALYSIS OF A BISDN CONTROL-SYSTEM WITH A FOCUS ON THE UNI PROTOCOL OBJECT

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 1994年第2期7卷 113-129页

作者： OUIBRAHIM, H PATTENIER, FJ AT&T NS NL Postbus 18 1270 AA Huizen The Netherlands Hamza Ouibrahim:obtained his B.Sc M.Sc and Ph.D in 1981 1982 and 1986 respectively all in Electrical Engineering from Syracuse University Syracuse New York. In 1986 he joined the Electrical Engineering Department at the Watson School of Engineering at the State University of New York at Binghamton as Assistant Professor. Since 1988 he has been with the Forward Looking Work Department of AT&T-NSNL in the Netherlands where he is project manager responsible for a group of research engineers working on signalling for BISDN networks. He represents AT&T-NSNL in standards bodies such as ITU-TSS and ETSI. He has been involved in European Research projects (Research and development in Advanced Communications in Europe) developing a signalling system for the integrated broadband communications. His current interests include ATM and signalling for broadband networks. He is the author of numerous papers and an IEEE member. Frans Pattenier:finished his study in Electronic Engineering in 1987 in the Netherlands. In 1983 he joined the Dutch Police Communication Service and in 1988 the National Institute for Public Health and Environment Protection. He joined the Forward Looking Work Department of AT&T-NSNL in 1991. In the first five of his career he was involved in hardware development for analogue digital and microprocessor systems for dataacquisition and communication equipment. Later software-development became more important for him (using Pascal C and C+ +) and he is now involved in projects which include aspects such as signalling protocols and call processing. He thinks the real challenge is to complete a project using object-oriented and structured techniques for every phase on every level.

The control system of a BISDN network will undoubtedly be very complex to design, implement and maintain. Its complexity has led researchers to look for ways of breaking down the problem into smaller and manageable parts. This has motivated the use of an object-oriented approach to analyse and comprehend the BISDN control system. This paper thus presents an object-oriented analysis (OOA) of a BISDN control system. This analysis is based on a method introduced by Coad and Yourdon and comprises five steps. All five steps, namely identifying subjects, identifying objects, identifying structures, defining attributes, and defining operations, will be worked out in detail with an emphasis on the user network interface (UNI) signalling protocol object. Four subjects, nine objects, and three structures are identified in the problem space at hand. This structuring offers a framework to analyse in detail the three aspects, data, structure and dynamic behaviour, of the UNI signalling protocol. A parallel between this approach and the well known approach used by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for specifying signalling protocols and contained in Recommendation I.130 is drawn. The Coad and Yourdon OOA approach applied to a BISDN control system can be used for the analysis of different aspects of such systems. This paper focuses on the UNI signalling protocol object which leads to a complete specification. Any protocol resulting from such analysis can be claimed to be object-oriented protocol. This approach offers modularity and thus offers a way of structuring the problem space into identifiable objects and data. Full benefits of object orientation can be gained only in the consistent use of object orientation throughout all steps in the development process. The proposed approach allows one to create libraries of generic procedures which can be reused in specific implementations.

关键词： ATM BISDN CCITT RECOMMENDATION I.130 CONTROL SYSTEM OOA PROTOCOL SIGNALING

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