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Deciphering urban traffic impacts on air quality by deep learning and emission inventory

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 745-757页

作者： Wenjie Du Lianliang Chen Haoran Wang Ziyang Shan Zhengyang Zhou Wenwei Li Yang Wang School of Software Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China Alibaba Inc. Hangzhou 310052China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of environmental science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China USTC-CityU Joint Advanced Research Center Suzhou 215123China

Air pollution is a major obstacle to future sustainability,and traffic pollution has become a large drag on the sustainable developments of future ***,combined with the large volume of real-time monitoring data,we propose a deep learning model,iDeepAir,to predict surface-level PM2.5 concentration in Shanghai megacity and link with MEIC emission inventory creatively to decipher urban traffic impacts on air *** model exhibits high-fidelity in reproducing pollutant concentrations and reduces the MAE from 25.355μg/m^(3) to 12.283μg/m^(3) compared with other *** identifies the ranking of major factors,local meteorological conditions have become a nonnegligible ***-wise relevance propagation(LRP)is used here to enhance the interpretability of the model and we visualize and analyze the reasons for the different correlation between traffic density and PM_(2.5) concentration in various regions of ***,As the strict and effective industrial emission reduction measurements implementing in China,the contribution of urban traffic to PM_(2.5) formation calculated by combining MEIC emission inventory and LRP is gradually increasing from 18.03%in 2011 to 24.37% in 2017 in Shanghai,and the impact of traffic emissions would be ever-prominent in 2030 according to our *** also infer that the promotion of vehicular electrification would achieve further alleviation of PM_(2.5) about 8.45% by 2030 *** insights are of great significance to provide the decision-making basis for accurate and high-efficient traffic management and urban pollution control,and eventually benefit people’s lives and high-quality sustainable developments of cities.

关键词： PM_(2.5)concentration forecast Traffic emissions Deep learning Attention mechanism New energy vehicles

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Zero Trust Networks: Evolution and Application from Concept to Practice

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 1593-1613页

作者： Yongjun Ren Zhiming Wang Pradip Kumar Sharma Fayez Alqahtani Amr Tolba Jin Wang School of Computer Science School of Cyber Science and EngineeringEngineering Research Center of Digital ForensicsMinistry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Department of Computing Science University of AberdeenAberdeenAB243FXUK Software Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Sanya Institute of Hunan University of Science and Technology Sanya572024China

In the context of an increasingly severe cybersecurity landscape and the growing complexity of offensive and defen-sive techniques,Zero Trust Networks(ZTN)have emerged as a widely recognized *** Trust not only addresses the shortcomings of traditional perimeter security models but also consistently follows the fundamental principle of“never trust,always verify.”Initially proposed by John Cortez in 2010 and subsequently promoted by Google,the Zero Trust model has become a key approach to addressing the ever-growing security threats in complex network *** paper systematically compares the current mainstream cybersecurity models,thoroughly explores the advantages and limitations of the Zero Trust model,and provides an in-depth review of its components and key ***,it analyzes the latest research achievements in the application of Zero Trust technology across various fields,including network security,6G networks,the Internet of Things(IoT),and cloud computing,in the context of specific use *** paper also discusses the innovative contributions of the Zero Trust model in these fields,the challenges it faces,and proposes corresponding solutions and future research directions.

关键词： Zero trust cybersecurity software-defined perimeter micro-segmentation internet of things

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An Overview of Security Threats, Attack Detection and Defense for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems (LSMAS) in Internet of Things (IoT)

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems 2025年 3卷 70-81页

作者： Cai, Jijing Wen, Long Feng, Hailin Fang, Kai Chen, Junxin Wei, Wei Wang, Wei Zhejiang A and F University College of Mathematics and Computer Science Hangzhou311300 China Macau University of Science and Technology School of Innovation Engineering Macau999078 China Dalian University of Technology School of Software Dalian116621 China Xi'an University of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi'an710048 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Medical Technology Beijing100081 China Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Emotion Intelligence and Pervasive Computing Shenzhen518172 China

With the global advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), large-scale multi-agent systems (LSMAS) technology has been increasingly adopted across various industries. Despite the widespread use of IoT, vulnerabilities in its software and hardware components pose significant challenges to ensuring security. To address the security concerns faced by LSMAS, this article explores its application in IoT domains such as smart grids, smart manufacturing, and smart healthcare. By examining the structural layers of IoT-the perception layer, network layer, and application layer-this paper analyzes the specific security threats encountered by each layer, along with the defense strategies designed to counter these attacks. Furthermore, we categorize and compare both traditional and AI-based attack detection methods, dividing the latter into machine learning-based, deep learning-based, and transfer learning-based approaches. This analysis highlights the strengths and weaknesses of the various attack detection methods currently deployed in LSMAS, identifying the existing challenges they face. Finally, we outline potential trends for the future development of LSMAS in IoT, offering research directions for experts in related fields. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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A Novel Multiobjective Fireworks Algorithm and Its Applications to Imbalanced Distance Minimization Problems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第8期9卷 1476-1489页

作者： Shoufei Han Kun Zhu MengChu Zhou Xiaojing Liu Haoyue Liu Yusuf Al-Turki Abdullah Abusorrah College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronauticsand also with the Collaborative Innovation Center of Novel Software Technology and IndustrializationNanjing 211106China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewark NJ 07102 USA Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of Engineeringand also with the K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Recently,multimodal multiobjective optimization problems(MMOPs)have received increasing *** goal is to find a Pareto front and as many equivalent Pareto optimal solutions as *** some evolutionary algorithms for them have been proposed,they mainly focus on the convergence rate in the decision space while ignoring solutions *** this paper,we propose a new multiobjective fireworks algorithm for them,which is able to balance exploitation and exploration in the decision *** first extend a latest single-objective fireworks algorithm to handle *** we make improvements by incorporating an adaptive strategy and special archive guidance into it,where special archives are established for each firework,and two strategies(i.e.,explosion and random strategies)are adaptively selected to update the positions of sparks generated by fireworks with the guidance of special ***,we compare the proposed algorithm with eight state-of-the-art multimodal multiobjective algorithms on all 22 MMOPs from CEC2019 and several imbalanced distance minimization *** results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to compared algorithms in solving ***,its runtime is less than its peers'.

关键词： Adaptive strategy fireworks algorithm multimodal multiobjective optimization problems(MMOP)

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ResMHA-Net:Enhancing Glioma Segmentation and Survival Prediction Using a Novel Deep Learning Framework

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 885-909页

作者： Novsheena Rasool Javaid Iqbal Bhat Najib Ben Aoun Abdullah Alharthi Niyaz Ahmad Wani Vikram Chopra Muhammad Shahid Anwar Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and TechnologyIslamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantipora192122India Faculty of Computing and Technology Al-Baha UniversityAlaqiq65779-7738Saudi Arabia Research Groups in Intelligent Machines National School of Engineers of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfax3038Tunisia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala147004Punjab Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala147004Punjab Department of AI and Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam-si13120Republic of Korea

Gliomas are aggressive brain tumors known for their heterogeneity,unclear borders,and diverse locations on Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)*** factors present significant challenges for MRI-based segmentation,a crucial step for effective treatment planning and monitoring of glioma *** study proposes a novel deep learning framework,ResNet Multi-Head Attention U-Net(ResMHA-Net),to address these challenges and enhance glioma segmentation ***-Net leverages the strengths of both residual blocks from the ResNet architecture and multi-head attention *** powerful combination empowers the network to prioritize informative regions within the 3D MRI data and capture long-range *** doing so,ResMHANet effectively segments intricate glioma sub-regions and reduces the impact of uncertain tumor *** rigorously trained and validated ResMHA-Net on the BraTS 2018,2019,2020 and 2021 ***,ResMHA-Net achieved superior segmentation accuracy on the BraTS 2021 dataset compared to the previous years,demonstrating its remarkable adaptability and robustness across diverse ***,we collected the predicted masks obtained from three datasets to enhance survival prediction,effectively augmenting the dataset *** features were then extracted from these predicted masks and,along with clinical data,were used to train a novel ensemble learning-based machine learning model for survival *** model employs a voting mechanism aggregating predictions from multiple models,leading to significant improvements over existing *** ensemble approach capitalizes on the strengths of various models,resulting in more accurate and reliable predictions for patient ***,we achieved an impressive accuracy of 73%for overall survival(OS)prediction.

关键词： Glioma MRI segmentation multihead attention survival prediction deep learning

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Harris Hawks Optimizer with Graph Convolutional Network Based Weed Detection in Precision Agriculture

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computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 1533-1547页

作者： Saud Yonbawi Sultan Alahmari T.Satyanarayana Murthy Padmakar Maddala E.Laxmi Lydia Seifedine Kadry Jungeun Kim Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia King Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology RiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology HyderabadTelanganaIndia Department of Civil Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information and Technology(A)DuvvadaVisakhapatnamAP530049India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India Department of Applied Data Science Noroff University CollegeKristiansandNorway Artificial Intelligence Research Center(AIRC) College of Engineering and Information TechnologyAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon Department of Software Kongju National UniversityCheonan31080Korea

Precision agriculture includes the optimum and adequate use of resources depending on several variables that govern crop *** agriculture offers a novel solution utilizing a systematic technique for current agricultural problems like balancing production and environmental *** control has become one of the significant problems in the agricultural *** traditional weed control,the entire field is treated uniformly by spraying the soil,a single herbicide dose,weed,and crops in the same *** more precise farming,robots could accomplish targeted weed treatment if they could specifically find the location of the dispensable plant and identify the weed *** may lessen by large margin utilization of agrochemicals on agricultural fields and favour sustainable *** study presents a Harris Hawks Optimizer with Graph Convolutional Network based Weed Detection(HHOGCN-WD)technique for Precision *** HHOGCN-WD technique mainly focuses on identifying and classifying weeds for precision *** image pre-processing,the HHOGCN-WD model utilizes a bilateral normal filter(BNF)for noise *** addition,coupled convolutional neural network(CCNet)model is utilized to derive a set of feature *** detect and classify weed,the GCN model is utilized with the HHO algorithm as a hyperparameter optimizer to improve the detection *** experimental results of the HHOGCN-WD technique are investigated under the benchmark *** results indicate the promising performance of the presented HHOGCN-WD model over other recent approaches,with increased accuracy of 99.13%.

关键词： Weed detection precision agriculture graph convolutional network harris hawks optimizer hyperparameter tuning

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An Overview of the Integrated Formalism RT-Z

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Formal Aspects of Computing 2022年第2期13卷 94–110页

作者： Carsten Sühl Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology (FIRST) Berlin Germany DE

We present an integration of the formal specification languages Z and timed CSP, called RT-Z, incorporating their combined strengths in a coherent frame. To cope with complex systems, RT-Z is equipped with structuring constructs built on top of the integration, because both Z and timed CSP lack appropriate facilities. The formal semantics of RT-Z, based on the denotational semantics of Z and timed CSP, is a prerequisite for preciseness and mathematical rigour. RT-Z is intended to be used in the requirements definition and design phases of the system and software development process. The envisaged application area is the development of real-time embedded systems.

关键词： Keywords: Embedded systems Formal methods Real-time Timed CSP Z

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CHEMFUZZ: Large Language Models-Assisted Fuzzing for Quantum Chemistry software Bug Detection 23

CHEMFUZZ: Large Language Models-Assisted Fuzzing for Quantum...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on software Quality, Reliability, and Security Companion, QRS-C 2023

作者： Qiu, Feng Ji, Pu Hua, Baojian Wang, Yang School of Software Engineering University of Science and Technology of China China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China China The Johns Hopkins University Computer Science Department United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359398

Quantum chemistry software implements the first principle quantum computation and is indispensable in both scientific research and chemical industries. Any bugs in such software will lead to serious consequences, thus defeating its trustworthiness and reliability. However, bug detection techniques for such software have not been fully investigated. In this paper, to fill this gap, we propose a novel approach to fuzz quantum chemistry software with the aid of Large Language Models (LLMs). Our basic idea is utilize LLMs to mutate and generate syntactic and semantic valid input files from seed inputs, by proving valuable domain-specific knowledge of chemistry. With this basic idea, we have designed and implemented CHEMFuzz, a fully automatic fuzzing framework to fuzz quantum chemistry software for bugs. Our evaluation of CHEMFUZZ leverages popular LLMs including GPT3.5, Claude-2, and Bart as test oracles to generate parameters to mutate inputs and analyze computation results. CHEMFUZZ detected 40 unique bugs, which have been classified and reported to developers, with a code coverage of 17.4%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Quantum chemistry

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AoI-aware Incentive Mechanism for Mobile Crowdsensing using Stackelberg Game 42

AoI-aware Incentive Mechanism for Mobile Crowdsensing using ...

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42nd IEEE International Conference on computer Communications, INFOCOM 2023

作者： Xiao, Mingjun Xu, Yin Zhou, Jinrui Wu, Jie Zhang, Sheng Zheng, Jun University of Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Technology China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China China Temple Universityy Department of Computer and Information Sciences United States Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350334142

Mobile CrowdSensing (MCS) is a mobile computing paradigm, through which a platform can coordinate a crowd of workers to accomplish large-scale data collection tasks using their mobile devices. Information freshness has attracted much focus on MCS research worldwide. In this paper, we investigate the incentive mechanism design in MCS systems that take the freshness of collected data and social benefits into concerns. First, we introduce the Age of Information (AoI) metric to measure the freshness of data. Then, we model the incentive mechanism design with AoI guarantees as a novel incomplete information two-stage Stackelberg game with multiple constraints. Next, we derive the optimal strategies of this game so as to determine the optimal reward paid by the platform and the optimal data update frequency for each worker. Moreover, we prove that these optimal strategies form a unique Stackelberg equilibrium. Based on the optimal strategies, we propose an AoI-Aware Incentive (AIAI) mechanism for the MCS system, whereby the platform and all workers can maximize their utilities simultaneously. Meanwhile, the system can ensure that the AoI values of all data uploaded to the platform are not larger than a given threshold to achieve high data freshness. Extensive simulations on real-world traces are conducted to demonstrate the significant performance of AIAI. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Optimal systems

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IDEMPOTENCE AND PERCEPTUAL IMAGE COMPRESSION 12

IDEMPOTENCE AND PERCEPTUAL IMAGE COMPRESSION

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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Xu, Tongda Zhu, Ziran He, Dailan Li, Yanghao Guo, Lina Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Zhe Qin, Hongwei Wang, Yan Liu, Jingjing Zhang, Ya-Qin Institute for AI Industry Research Tsinghua University China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences China SenseTime Research China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Vehicle and Mobility Tsinghua University China

Idempotence is the stability of image codec to re-compression. At the first glance, it is unrelated to perceptual image compression. However, we find that theoretically: 1) Conditional generative model-based perceptual codec satisfies idempotence;2) Unconditional generative model with idempotence constraint is equivalent to conditional generative codec. Based on this newfound equivalence, we propose a new paradigm of perceptual image codec by inverting unconditional generative model with idempotence constraints. Our codec is theoretically equivalent to conditional generative codec, and it does not require training new models. Instead, it only requires a pre-trained mean-square-error codec and unconditional generative model. Empirically, we show that our proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods such as HiFiC (Mentzer et al., 2020) and ILLM (Muckley et al., 2023), in terms of Fréchet Inception Distance (FID). The source code is provided in https://***/tongdaxu/Idempotence-and-Perceptual-Image-Compression. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image compression

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