The study aims to clarify the effect of indoor environments on office workers’ satisfaction with the thermal and air environment. Environmental measurements and questionnaire survey were conducted on 22 office buildi...
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A common issue in learning decision-making policies in data-rich settings is spurious correlations in the offline dataset, which can be caused by hidden confounders. Instrumental variable (IV) regression, which utilis...
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A common issue in learning decision-making policies in data-rich settings is spurious correlations in the offline dataset, which can be caused by hidden confounders. Instrumental variable (IV) regression, which utilises a key unconfounded variable known as the instrument, is a standard technique for learning causal relationships between confounded action, outcome, and context variables. Most recent IV regression algorithms use a two-stage approach, where a deep neural network (DNN) estimator learnt in the first stage is directly plugged into the second stage, in which another DNN is used to estimate the causal effect. Naively plugging the estimator can cause heavy bias in the second stage, especially when regularisation bias is present in the first stage estimator. We propose DML-IV, a non-linear IV regression method that reduces the bias in two-stage IV regressions and effectively learns high-performing policies. We derive a novel learning objective to reduce bias and design the DML-IV algorithm following the double/debiased machine learning (DML) framework. The learnt DML-IV estimator has strong convergence rate and O(N−1/2) suboptimality guarantees that match those when the dataset is unconfounded. DML-IV outperforms state-of-the-art IV regression methods on IV regression benchmarks and learns high-performing policies in the presence of instruments. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)
Mischievous URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is a usual ordinary common and one of the critical cybersecurity threats. They are often used in phishing attacks, where attackers trick users into clicking on a link that le...
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The emergence of 5 G and 6 G networks promises significant advancements in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) by enabling real-time medical data transmission and continuous connectivity for mobile healthcare device...
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Micro-gyroscopes using micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)and micro-optoelectro-mechanical system(MOEMS)are the new-generation and recently well-developed gyroscopes produced by the combinations of the traditional g...
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Micro-gyroscopes using micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)and micro-optoelectro-mechanical system(MOEMS)are the new-generation and recently well-developed gyroscopes produced by the combinations of the traditional gyroscope technology and MEMS/MOEMS *** to the working principle and used materials,the newly-reported micro-gyroscopes in recent years include the silicon-based micromechanical vibratory gyroscope,hemispherical resonant gyroscope,piezoelectric vibratory gyroscope,suspended rotor gyroscope,microfluidic gyroscope,optical gyroscope,and atomic *** to different sensitive structures,the silicon-based micromechanical vibratory gyroscope can also be divided into double frame type,tuning fork type,vibrating ring type,and nested ring *** those micro-gyroscopes,in recent years,many emerging techniques are proposed and developed to enhance different aspects of performances,such as the sensitivity,angle random walk(ARW),bias instability(BI),and ***,this paper will firstly review the main performances and applications of those newly-developed MEMS/MOEMS gyroscopes,then comprehensively summarize and analyze the latest research progress of the micro-gyroscopes mentioned above,and finally discuss the future development trends of MEMS/MOEMS gyroscopes.
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is one of the most destructive internet network attacks, denying legitimate users access to resources and networks by maliciously blocking available computing resources. Int...
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This research work presents the implementation of Layered Division Multiplexing (LDM) in 5G New Radio. Layered-Division-Multiplexing (LDM) is basically a non orthogonal multiplexing technique which allows the data tra...
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This paper presents a comprehensive design and implementation of a Sunward Solar-Powered Wireless Soil Moisture Sensor, which combines cutting-edge technology to enable energy-efficient soil moisture measurement and w...
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Achieving high strength in Mg alloys is usually accompanied by ductility ***,a novel Mg97Y1Zn1Ho1 at.%alloy with a yield strength of 403 MPa and an elongation of 10%is *** strength-ductility synergy is obtained by a c...
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Achieving high strength in Mg alloys is usually accompanied by ductility ***,a novel Mg97Y1Zn1Ho1 at.%alloy with a yield strength of 403 MPa and an elongation of 10%is *** strength-ductility synergy is obtained by a comprehensive strategy,including a lamella bimodal microstructure design and the introduction of nano-spaced solute-segregated 14H long-period stacking-ordered phase(14H LPSO phase)through rare-earth Ho *** lamella bimodal microstructure consists of elongated un-recrystallized(un-DRXed)coarse grains and fine dynamically-recrystallized grains(DRXed regions).The nano-spaced solute-segregated 14H LPSO phase is distributed in DRXed *** outstanding yield strength is mainly contributed by grain-boundary strengthening,18R LPSO strengthening,and fiberlike reinforcement strengthening from the nano-spaced 14H LPSO *** high elongation is due primarily to the combined effects of the bimodal and lamellar microstructures through enhancing the work-hardening capability.
Current superconducting memory devices lack the basic quality of high memory density for practical memories,mainly due to the size limitations of superconducting quantum interference ***,we propose a superconductor–f...
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Current superconducting memory devices lack the basic quality of high memory density for practical memories,mainly due to the size limitations of superconducting quantum interference ***,we propose a superconductor–ferromagnet bilayer device with strain-pulse-assisted multi-bit ladder-type memory,by using strain-engineered ferromagnet domain structure to control carrier concentration in the superconductor,which is simulated by coupled Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert and Ginzburg–Landau ***-and strain-pulses are observed to deterministically control the resistivity of superconductor for one and two-bit device *** average carrier concentration of superconductor is observed to have multiple metastable states that can be controllably switched using current-pulse and strain-pulse to determine multiple resistivity *** findings confirm the eligibility of superconductor–ferromagnet bilayers to be used as ladder-type multibit memories and open a new way for further theoretical and experimental investigations of the cryogenic memories.
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