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3rd International Conference on pattern recognition and Artificial Intelligence, ICPRAI 2022

作者： Biswas, Kunal Shivakumara, Palaiahnakote Sivanthi, Sittravell Pal, Umapada Lu, Yue Liu, Cheng-Lin Ayub, Mohamad Nizam Bin Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing East China Normal University Shanghai China National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031090363

Understanding document images uploaded on social media is challenging because of multiple types like handwritten, printed and scene text images. This study presents a new model called Deep Fuzzy based MSER for classification of multiple document images (like handwritten, printed and scene text). The proposed model detects candidate components that represent dominant information irrespective of the type of document images by combining fuzzy and MSER in a novel way. For every candidate component, the proposed model extracts distance-based features which result in proximity matrix (feature matrix). Further, the deep learning model is proposed for classification by feeding input images and feature matrix as input. To evaluate the proposed model, we create our own dataset and to show effectiveness, the proposed model is tested on standard datasets. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms the existing methods in terms of average classification rate. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Image classification

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Neural Transformation Fields for Arbitrary-Styled Font Generation

Neural Transformation Fields for Arbitrary-Styled Font Gener...

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Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Bin Fu Junjun He Jianjun Wang Yu Qiao ShenZhen Key Lab of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

Few-shot font generation (FFG), aiming at generating font images with a few samples, is an emerging topic in recent years due to the academic and commercial values. Typically, the FFG approaches follow the style-content disentanglement paradigm, which transfers the target font styles to characters by combining the content representations of source characters and the style codes of reference samples. Most existing methods attempt to increase font generation ability via exploring powerful style representations, which may be a sub-optimal solution for the FFG task due to the lack of modeling spatial transformation in transferring font styles. In this paper, we model font generation as a continuous transformation process from the source character image to the target font image via the creation and dissipation of font pixels, and embed the corresponding transformations into a neural transformation field. With the estimated transformation path, the neural transformation field generates a set of intermediate transformation results via the sampling process, and a font rendering formula is developed to accumulate them into the target font image. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on few-shot font generation task, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our proposed model. Our implementation is available at: https://***/fubinfb/NTF.

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Multi-label learning on principles of reverse k-nearest neighbourhood

Multi-label learning on principles of reverse k-nearest neig...

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作者： Sadhukhan, Payel Palit, Sarbani Machine Intelligence Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India

In this article, we present a novel neighbourhood based multi-label classifier, Multi-label Learning on principles of Reverse k-Nearest Neighbourhood (ML-RkNN) where we estimate the neighbourhood of the points on the basis of their reverse k-nearest neighbourhood (RkNN). Through RkNN, for the same value of k, we get different number of neighbours for different instances and this happens adaptively according to the neighbourhood configuration of the points. The automatically adaptive neighbourhood helps us in better learning of the local configurations around the points. Our scheme also facilitates implicit handling of the local imbalances prevailing in the datasets by comparing the class distributions of the test points and their reverse nearest neighbours. This implicit and adaptive handling is particularly useful for multi-label label datasets, whose labels are differentially imbalanced. Empirical study is performed on 10 real-world multi-label datasets considering five neighbourhood based multi-label learners. Macro F1 is used as the evaluating metric. The proposed method has given statistically superior and statistically comparable performances with respect to three and two comparing methods respectively. Additionally, we have explored the use of two different distance metrics, Euclidean and Jaccard in our scheme for nominal datasets. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Generate Like Experts: Multi-Stage Font Generation by Incorporating Font Transfer Process into Diffusion Models

Generate Like Experts: Multi-Stage Font Generation by Incorp...

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Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Bin Fu Fanghua Yu Anran Liu Zixuan Wang Jie Wen Junjun He Yu Qiao ShenZhen Key Lab of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences The University of Hong Kong Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

ISBN: (数字)9798350353006

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013

Few-shot font generation (FFG) produces stylized font images with a limited number of reference samples, which can significantly reduce labor costs in manual font designs. Most existing FFG methods follow the style-content dis-entanglement paradigm and employ the Generative Adver-sarial Network (GAN) to generate target fonts by combining the decoupled content and style representations. The complicated structure and detailed style are simultaneously generated in those methods, which may be the sub-optimal solutions for FFG task. Inspired by most manual font design processes of expert designers, in this paper, we model font generation as a multi-stage generative process. Specifically, as the injected noise and the data distribution in diffusion models can be well-separated into different sub-spaces, we are able to incorporate the font transfer process into these models. Based on this observation, we generalize diffusion methods to modelfont generative process by separating the reverse diffusion process into three stages with different functions: The structure construction stage first generates the structure information for the target character based on the source image, and the font transfer stage subsequently transforms the source font to the target font. Finally, the font refinement stage enhances the appearances and local details of the target font images. Based on the above multi-stage generative process, we construct our font generation framework. named MSD-Font, with a dual-network approach to generate font images. The superior performance demonstrates the effectiveness of our model. The code is available at: https://***/fubinfbIMSD-Font.

关键词： Costs Noise Diffusion processes Transforms Manuals Diffusion models Generative adversarial networks

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Non-Uniform Illumination Attack for Fooling Convolutional Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jain, Akshay Dubey, Shiv Ram Singh, Satish Kumar Santosh, K.C. Chaudhuri, Bidyut Baran The Computer Vision and Biometrics Lab Department of Information Technology Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad Uttar Pradesh Prayagraj211015 India The AI Research Lab Department of Computer Science University of South Dakota VermillionSD57069 United States The Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata700108 India

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have made remarkable strides;however, they remain susceptible to vulnerabilities, particularly in the face of minor image perturbations that humans can easily recognize. This weakness, often termed as ‘attacks,’ underscores the limited robustness of CNNs and the need for research into fortifying their resistance against such manipulations. This study introduces a novel Non-Uniform Illumination (NUI) attack technique, where images are subtly altered using varying NUI masks. Extensive experiments are conducted on widely-accepted datasets including CIFAR10, TinyImageNet, and CalTech256, focusing on image classification with 12 different NUI attack models. The resilience of VGG, ResNet, MobilenetV3-small and InceptionV3 models against NUI attacks are evaluated. Our results show a substantial decline in the CNN models’ classification accuracy when subjected to NUI attacks, indicating their vulnerability under non-uniform illumination. To mitigate this, a defense strategy is proposed, including NUI-attacked images, generated through the new NUI transformation, into the training set. The results demonstrate a significant enhancement in CNN model performance when confronted with perturbed images affected by NUI attacks. This strategy seeks to bolster CNN models’ resilience against NUI attacks. 1 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Dynamic Feature Queue for Surveillance Face Anti-spoofing via Progressive Training

Dynamic Feature Queue for Surveillance Face Anti-spoofing vi...

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Keyao Wang Mouxiao Huang Guosheng Zhang Haixiao Yue Gang Zhang Yu Qiao Department of Computer Vision Technology (VIS) Baidu Inc. ShenZhen Key Lab of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

In recent years, face recognition systems have faced increasingly security threats, making it essential to employ Face Anti-spoofing (FAS) to protect against various types of attacks in traditional scenarios like phone unlocking, face payment and self-service security inspection. However, further exploration is required to fully secure FAS in long-distance settings. In this paper, we propose two contributions to enhance the security of face recognition systems: Dynamic Feature Queue (DFQ) and Progressive Training Strategy (PTS). DFQ converts the conventional binary classification task into a multi-classification task. It treats live samples as a closed set and attack samples as an open set by using a dynamic queue that stores the features of spoofing samples and updates them. On the other hand, PTS targets difficult samples and iteratively adds them in batches for training. The proposed PTS divides the entire training set into blocks, trains only a small portion of the data, and gradually increases the training data with each stage while also incorporating low-scoring positive samples and high-scoring spoof samples from the test set. These two contributions complement each other by enhancing the model’s ability to generalize and defend against various types of attacks, making the face recognition system more secure and reliable. Our proposed methods have achieved top performance on ACER metric with 4.73% on the SuHiFiMask dataset [11] and won the first prize in Surveillance Face Anti-spoofing track of the Challenge@CVPR 2023.

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Tile selection method based on error minimization for photomosaic image creation

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Frontiers of computer Science 2021年第3期15卷 165-172页

作者： Hongbo ZHANG Xin GAO Jixiang DU Qing LEI Lijie YANG Department of Computer Science and Technology Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Fujian Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligence and Security Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Photomosaic images are composite images composed of many small images called *** its overall visual effect,a photomosaic image is similar to the target image,and photomosaics are also called“montage art”.Noisy blocks and the loss of local information are the major obstacles in most methods or programs that create photomosaic *** solve these problems and generate a photomosaic image in this study,we propose a tile selection method based on error minimization.A photomosaic image can be generated by partitioning the target image in a rectangular pattern,selecting appropriate tile images,and then adding them with a weight *** on the principles of montage art,the quality of the generated photomosaic image can be evaluated by both global and local *** the proposed framework,via an error function analysis,the results show that selecting a tile image using a global minimum distance minimizes both the global error and the local error ***,the weight coefficient of the image superposition can be used to adjust the ratio of the global and local ***,to verify the proposed method,we built a new photomosaic creation dataset during this *** experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a low mean absolute error and that the generated photomosaic images have a more artistic effect than do the existing approaches.

关键词： photomosaic image tile image target image error minimization mean absolute error

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DAPLANKTON: BENCHMARK DATASET FOR MULTI-INSTRUMENT PLANKTON recognition VIA FINE-GRAINED DOMAIN ADAPTATION

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Batrakhanov, Daniel Eerola, Tuomas Kraft, Kaisa Haraguchi, Lumi Lensu, Lasse Suikkanen, Sanna Camarena-Gómez, María Teresa Seppälä, Jukka Kälviäinen, Heikki Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory LUT University Finland Research Infrastructure Finnish Environment Institute Finland Marine and Freshwater Solutions Finnish Environment Institute Finland Centro Oceanografico de Malaga Instituto Español de Oceanografia Spain

Plankton recognition provides novel possibilities to study various environmental aspects and an interesting real-world context to develop domain adaptation (DA) methods. Different imaging instruments cause domain shift between datasets hampering the development of general plankton recognition methods. A promising remedy for this is DA allowing to adapt a model trained on one instrument to other instruments. In this paper, we present a new DA dataset called DAPlankton which consists of phytoplankton images obtained with different instruments. Phytoplankton provides a challenging DA problem due to the fine-grained nature of the task and high class imbalance in real-world datasets. DAPlankton consists of two subsets. DAPlanktonLAB contains images of cultured phytoplankton providing a balanced dataset with minimal label uncertainty. DAPlanktonSEA consists of images collected from the Baltic Sea providing challenging real-world data with large intra-class variance and class imbalance. We further present a benchmark comparison of three widely used DA methods. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Phytoplankton

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DAPlankton: Benchmark Dataset For Multi-Instrument Plankton recognition Via Fine-Grained Domain Adaptation

DAPlankton: Benchmark Dataset For Multi-Instrument Plankton ...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Daniel Batrakhanov Tuomas Eerola Kaisa Kraft Lumi Haraguchi Lasse Lensu Sanna Suikkanen María Teresa Camarena-Gómez Jukka Seppälä Heikki Kälviäinen Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory LUT University Finland Research Infrastructure Finnish Environment Institute Finland Marine and Freshwater Solutions Finnish Environment Institute Finland Centro Oceanografico de Malaga Instituto Español de Oceanografia Spain

ISBN: (数字)9798350349399

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349405

Plankton recognition provides novel possibilities to study various environmental aspects and an interesting real-world context to develop domain adaptation (DA) methods. Different imaging instruments cause domain shift between datasets hampering the development of general plankton recognition methods. A promising remedy for this is DA allowing to adapt a model trained on one instrument to other instruments. In this paper, we present a new DA dataset called DAPlankton which consists of phytoplankton images obtained with different instruments. Phytoplankton provides a challenging DA problem due to the fine-grained nature of the task and high class imbalance in real-world datasets. DAPlankton consists of two subsets. $\mathrm{DAPlankton}_{\text {LAB }}$ contains images of cultured phytoplankton providing a balanced dataset with minimal label uncertainty. $\mathrm{DAPlankton}_{\text {SEA }}$ consists of images collected from the Baltic Sea providing challenging real-world data with large intra-class variance and class imbalance. We further present a benchmark comparison of three widely used DA methods.

关键词： Adaptation models Image recognition Uncertainty Protocols Target recognition Instruments Imaging

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Approximate Nearest Neighbour Search on Privacy-aware Encoding of User Locations to Identify Susceptible Infections in Simulated Epidemics 21

Approximate Nearest Neighbour Search on Privacy-aware Encodi...

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Proceedings of the 13th Annual Meeting of the Forum for Information Retrieval Evaluation

作者： Chandan Biswas Debasis Ganguly Ujjwal Bhattacharya Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute India University of Glasgow United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450395960

Amidst an increasing number of infected cases during the Covid-19 pandemic, it is essential to trace, as early as possible, the susceptible people who might have been infected by the disease due to their close proximity with people who were tested positive for the virus. This early contact tracing is likely to limit the rate of spread of the infection within a locality. In this paper, we investigate how effectively and efficiently can such a list of susceptible people be found given a list of infected persons and their locations. By using the locations of the given list of infected persons as queries, we investigate the feasibility of applying approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) based indexing and retrieval approaches to obtain a list of top-k suspected users in real-time. Since leveraging information from true user location data can lead to privacy concerns, we also investigate the effectiveness of the ANN methods on privacy-aware encoding of the input data. Experiments conducted on real and synthetic datasets demonstrate that the top-k susceptible users retrieved with existing ANN approaches (KD-tree and HNSW) yield satisfactory recall values and achieves up to 21000 × speed-gain compared to exhaustive search, thus indicating that ANN approaches can potentially be applied, in practice, to facilitate real-time contact tracing even under the presence of imposed privacy constraints.

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